Effect of morphology and non-metal doping (P and S) on the activity of graphitic carbon nitride toward photoelectrochemical water oxidation

The generation of photocatalytic hydrogen via water splitting under light irradiation is attracting much attention as an alternative to solve such problems as global warming and to increase interest in clean energy. However, due to the low efficiency and selectivity of photocatalytic hydrogen production under solar energy, a major challenge persists to improve the performance of photocatalytic hydrogen production through water splitting. In recent years, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), a non-metal photocatalyst, has emerged as an attractive material for photocatalytic hydrogen production. However, the fast recombination of photoexcited electron–hole pairs limits the rate of hydrogen evolution and various methods such as modification, heterojunctions with semiconductors, and metal and non-metal doping have been applied to solve this problem. In this review, we cover the rational design of g-C3N4-based photocatalysts achieved using methods such as modification, metal and non-metal doping, and heterojunctions, and we summarize recent achievements in their application as hydrogen production photocatalysts. In addition, future research and prospects of hydrogen-producing photocatalysts are also reviewed.

Download Full-text

Recent Advances in Heteroatom Doped Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g-C3N4) and g-C3N4/Metal Oxide Composite Photocatalysts

Current Organic Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1385272824666200309151648 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 673-693

Author(s):

Haiyan Jiang ◽

Yang Li ◽

Daohan Wang ◽

Xiaodong Hong ◽

Bing Liang

Keyword(s):

Metal Oxide ◽

Organic Contaminants ◽

Carbon Nitride ◽

Organic Dyes ◽

Graphitic Carbon ◽

Graphitic Carbon Nitride ◽

Metal Doping ◽

Oxide Composite ◽

Composite Photocatalysts ◽

P Type

Industrial wastewater contains abundant organic dyes, antibiotics, pesticides, chemical fertilizers or heavy metal ions, which seriously deteriorate the ecological environment. Among the practical techniques for reducing water pollution, photocatalysis is a kind of sustainable solar energy conversion technique for removing organic contaminants. In this review, the advances in the preparation, modification, and doping of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), including non-metal doping, metal doping, dual- or tri-doping, are introduced firstly. Then, we systematically reviewed the recent progress of g-C3N4/metal oxide composite photocatalysts, including a g-C3N4/n-type metal oxide, such as TiO2, ZnO, SnO2, WO3, FexOy, CeO2, V2O5, MoO3, MnO2, Nb2O5, In2O3, and a g-C3N4/p-type metal oxide, such as Co3O4, Bi2O3, NiO and Cu2O. At last, we summarized the design principles for preparing heteroatom doped g-C3N4 and g-C3N4/metal oxide composites, and forecast the promising research directions. The main objective is to provide a guideline for designing highperformance heteroatom doped g-C3N4 and g-C3N4/metal oxide photocatalysts.

Download Full-text

Chlorine doped graphitic carbon nitride nanorings as an efficient photoresponsive catalyst for water oxidation and organic decomposition

Journal of Material Science and Technology ◽

10.1016/j.jmst.2019.05.057 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (10) ◽

pp. 2288-2296 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Er-Xun Han ◽

Yuan-Yuan Li ◽

Qi-Hao Wang ◽

Wei-Qing Huang ◽

Leng Luo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Oxidation ◽

Carbon Nitride ◽

Graphitic Carbon ◽

Graphitic Carbon Nitride ◽

Organic Decomposition

Download Full-text

Adsorption and photocatalytic splitting of water on graphitic carbon nitride: a combined first principles and semiempirical study

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics ◽

10.1039/c4cp02021a ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 16 (30) ◽

pp. 15917-15926 ◽

Cited By ~ 94

Author(s):

Jonas Wirth ◽

Rainer Neumann ◽

Markus Antonietti ◽

Peter Saalfrank

Keyword(s):

Thermodynamic Model ◽

First Principles ◽

Water Oxidation ◽

Oxidation Reaction ◽

Carbon Nitride ◽

Water Adsorption ◽

Graphitic Carbon ◽

Semiempirical Calculations ◽

Graphitic Carbon Nitride

Water adsorption on graphitic carbon nitride is studied by means of first principles and semiempirical calculations. Using a thermodynamic model, the photocatalytic water oxidation reaction is found to be hindered by a very large overpotential.

Download Full-text