The influence of no-till coupled with straw return on soil phosphorus speciation in a two-year rice-fallow practice

AbstractRoot-associated microbes play a key role in plant performance and productivity, making them important players in agroecosystems. So far, very few studies have assessed the impact of different farming systems on the root microbiota and it is still unclear whether agricultural intensification influences network complexity of microbial communities. We investigated the impact of conventional, no-till and organic farming on wheat root fungal communities usingPacBio SMRT sequencingon samples collected from 60 farmlands in Switzerland. Organic farming harboured a much more complex fungal network than conventional and no-till farming systems. The abundance of keystone taxa was the highest under organic farming where agricultural intensification was the lowest. The occurrence of keystone taxa was best explained by soil phosphorus levels, bulk density, pH and mycorrhizal colonization. The majority of keystone taxa are known to form arbuscular mycorrhizal associations with plants and belong to the ordersGlomerales,Paraglomerales, andDiversisporales. Supporting this, the abundance of mycorrhizal fungi in roots and soils was also significantly higher under organic farming. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report mycorrhizal keystone taxa for agroecosystems, and we demonstrate that agricultural intensification reduces network complexity and the abundance of keystone taxa in the root microbiota.

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Changes of soil phosphorus speciation along a 120-year soil chronosequence in the Hailuogou Glacier retreat area (Gongga Mountain, SW China)

Geoderma ◽

10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.12.010 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 195-196 ◽

pp. 251-259 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Jun Zhou ◽

Yanhong Wu ◽

Jörg Prietzel ◽

Haijian Bing ◽

Dong Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Phosphorus ◽

Glacier Retreat ◽

Phosphorus Speciation ◽

Sw China ◽

Soil Chronosequence ◽

Gongga Mountain

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Phosphorus speciation by P-XANES in an Oxisol under long-term no-till cultivation

Geoderma ◽

10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114580 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 377 ◽

pp. 114580

Author(s):

João A. Antonangelo ◽

Ruan F. Firmano ◽

Hailin Zhang ◽

Marina Colzato ◽

Dalton B. Abdala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phosphorus Speciation ◽

No Till

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Optimization of Data Processing Minimizes Impact of Self-Absorption on Phosphorus Speciation Results by P K-Edge XANES

Soil Systems ◽

10.3390/soilsystems3030061 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 61 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Carlos ◽

Francisco ◽

Wedisson ◽

Leonardus ◽

Jörg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Boron Nitride ◽

Data Processing ◽

Soil Sample ◽

Soil Phosphorus ◽

Fluorescence Yield ◽

Natural Environments ◽

Phosphorus Speciation ◽

Soil P ◽

Wide Range ◽

Calcium Iron

Bulk soil phosphorus speciation by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) using fluorescence yield-mode measurements is an important tool for phosphorus research because of the low soil P contents. However, when measuring in fluorescence mode, increasing the concentration of the absorbing atom can dampen the XAS spectral features because of self-absorption and affect the linear combination (LC) fitting results. To reduce the self-absorption for samples of high P contents, thick boron nitride diluted samples are produced, yet the effects of self-absorption on P speciation results via LC fitting of P K-edge XANES spectroscopy, and the possible benefits of data processing optimization are unknown. Toward this end, we produced a series of ternary standard mixtures (calcium-iron-aluminum phosphates) and an example soil sample both diluted using boron nitride over a range from 1 to ~900 mmol kg−1 for the soil sample and up to ~6000 mmol kg−1 for the standard mixture. We show that by optimizing background subtraction and normalization values, consistent results with less than 10% error can be obtained for samples with up to 300 mmol kg−1 P. Our results highlight the applicability of optimized P K-edge XANES fitting across a wide range of concentrations encountered in natural environments.

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Effects of primary tillage and soil amendment practices on pearl millet yield and nutrient uptake in the Sahel of West Africa

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479799354053 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 437-448 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

F. N. IKPE ◽

J. M. POWELL ◽

N. O. ISIRIMAH ◽

T. A. T. WAHUA ◽

E. M. NGODIGHA

Keyword(s):

Soil Amendment ◽

Soil Phosphorus ◽

Phosphorus Uptake ◽

Nitrogen Levels ◽

Tillage Practices ◽

No Till ◽

Primary Tillage ◽

Repeated Applications ◽

Phosphorus And Potassium ◽

Millet Yield

The main objective of this study was to determine the best soil amendment and tillage practices for sustainable millet yield and grain and stover quality. The treatments included tillage practices (immediate-, late- and no-till) and soil amendments (sheep manure plus urine, manure, millet stover (stalks, leaf blades and leaf sheaths) and millet stover ash) in factorial combinations with fertilizer nitrogen levels of 0, 15 and 30 kg ha−1 plus controls. Results showed that (i) higher yields were obtained in tilled plots than in no-till plots; (ii) tillage timing may not be a significant yield determining factor; (iii) the application of animal urine resulted in significantly higher yield and greater nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake than the application either of manure alone or of millet stover. Urine application (ruminant urine contains virtually no phosphorus), which elevates soil pH especially during the first week after application, may have resulted in the dissolution of phosphorus from the aluminium–iron complexes of kaolinitic clays. This is corroborated by the significantly higher phosphorus uptake from the manure-plus-urine plots than from plots amended with either manure alone or millet stover. Long-term implications of ‘mining’ soil phosphorus with repeated applications of animal urine in these fragile ecosystems remains unclear.

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Phosphorus speciation and distribution in a variable‐charge Oxisol under no‐till amended with lime and/or phosphogypsum for 18 years

European Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.1111/ejss.13198 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

R. F. Firmano ◽

M. Colzato ◽

L. R. F. Alleoni

Keyword(s):

Phosphorus Speciation ◽

Variable Charge ◽

No Till

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Long-term organic substitution management affects soil phosphorus speciation and reduces leaching in greenhouse vegetable production

Journal of Cleaner Production ◽

10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129464 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 129464

Author(s):

Yinjie Zhang ◽

Wei Gao ◽

Haoan Luan ◽

Jiwei Tang ◽

Ruonan Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Phosphorus ◽

Vegetable Production ◽

Phosphorus Speciation ◽

Greenhouse Vegetable ◽

Greenhouse Vegetable Production

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Phosphate fertilization and phosphorus forms in an Oxisol under no-till

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90162010000400014 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 67 (4) ◽

pp. 465-471 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Dácio Olibone ◽

Ciro Antonio Rosolem

Keyword(s):

Soil Depth ◽

Soil Phosphorus ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Fertilizer Efficiency ◽

Plant Residues ◽

P Availability ◽

No Till ◽

Triple Super Phosphate ◽

Before And After ◽

Top 40

Under no-till phosphorus (P) accumulates in a few centimeters of the topsoil layer. Plant residues left on the soil surface release P and organic acids, which may improve P availability and fertilizer efficiency, including both soluble (such as triple super phosphate) and less soluble sources (such as reactive natural phosphates). In this study, soybean response to P fertilizer and P forms in the top 40 cm of an Oxisol were evaluated after surface application of different phosphates in a 5-year-old no-till system. Treatments consisted of 0 or 80 kg ha-1 of total P2O5 applied on the soil surface, both as natural reactive phosphate (NRP) or triple super phosphate (TSP). In addition, 80 kg ha-1 of P2O5 were applied to subplots, in furrows below and beside the soybean (Glycine max L.) seeds, in different combinations of NRP and TSP. Soil samples were taken before and after the soybean growth, down to 0.40 m and soil phosphorus was chemically fractionated. The responses to NRP were similar to TSP, with an increase in P reserves at greater depths, even in non-available forms, such as P-occluded. After the soybean harvest, P-occluded levels were lower at the surface layer, but an increase was observed in the soluble, organic and total P down to 40 cm. An improved P distribution in soil depth, especially regarding the soluble and organic forms, resulted in higher soybean yields, even when the phosphates were applied to the soil surface.

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Assessing the Impacts of Tillage and Mulch on Soil Erosion and Corn Yield

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10010063 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 63 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Devraj Chalise ◽

Lalit Kumar ◽

Reena Sharma ◽

Paul Kristiansen

Keyword(s):

Soil Erosion ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Soil Phosphorus ◽

Block Design ◽

Soil Nutrient ◽

Corn Yield ◽

No Till ◽

Soil Losses

Conventional tillage practices have been regarded as the major reason for the loss of fertile topsoil in the sloping agricultural lands of the middle hills of Nepal. Reports on the effects of no-till and mulch on soil and corn yield in these regions are scarce, although these farming practices have been recommended to reduce soil erosion and increase crop yields. To assess the impacts of tillage (with +T, without −T) and mulch (with +M, without −M) on soil and soil nutrient losses, and corn yield, we conducted an experiment with five treatments: −T+M, −T−M, +T+M, +T−M, and bare fallow (BF), replicated four times each in an unbalanced complete random block design in Salyan district of Nepal. The results showed the presence of corn and no-till significantly lowered the soil losses. Losses of soil organic matter (SOM) and total nitrogen were also significantly reduced by the presence of corn, no-till, and mulch. However, no effects of mulch on soil losses, and no effects of tillage, mulch and corn on soil phosphorus losses were observed. Soil loss was found to be significantly and positively correlated with total seasonal rainfall, monsoon being the most severe season for soil erosion. While no-till and mulch did not affect corn height, cob height, and stover yield, no-till significantly increased the corn yield by 0.52 Mg ha−1 compared to conventional till. We confirm the synergistic interaction of mulch with tillage to reduce the losses of SOM and total nitrogen, and effectiveness of no-till to reduce the soil losses and increase the corn yield in the middle hills of Nepal. As this study is based on the results of two year’s data, long-term studies are required to identify the long-term impacts of no-till and mulch on soil losses and corn yield across the country.

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