Toluene effects on oxidative stress in brain regions of young-adult, middle-age, and senescent Brown Norway rats

Oxidative stress increases during unloading in muscle from young adult rats. The present study examined the markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme gene and protein expressions in medial gastrocnemius muscles of aged and young adult (30 and 6 mo of age) Fischer 344 × Brown Norway rats after 14 days of hindlimb suspension. Medial gastrocnemius muscle weight was decreased by ∼30% in young adult and aged rats following suspension. When muscle weight was normalized to animal body weight, it was reduced by 12% and 22% in young adult and aged rats, respectively, after suspension. Comparisons between young adult and aged control animals demonstrated a 25% and 51% decline in muscle mass when expressed as absolute muscle weight and muscle weight normalized to the animal body weight, respectively. H2O2 content was elevated by 43% while Mn superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) protein content was reduced by 28% in suspended muscles compared with control muscles exclusively in the aged animals. Suspended muscles had greater content of malondialdehyde (MDA)/4-hydroxyalkenals (4-HAE) (29% and 58% increase in young adult and aged rats, respectively), nitrotyrosine (76% and 65% increase in young adult and aged rats, respectively), and catalase activity (69% and 43% increase in young adult and aged rats, respectively) relative to control muscles. Changes in oxidative stress markers MDA/4-HAE, H2O2, and MnSOD protein contents in response to hindlimb unloading occurred in an age-dependent manner. These findings are consistent with the hypotheses that oxidative stress has a role in mediating disuse-induced and sarcopenia-associated muscle losses. Our data suggest that aging may predispose skeletal muscle to increased levels of oxidative stress both at rest and during unloading.

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Tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA is increased in old age and norepinephrine uptake transporter mRNA is decreased in middle age in locus coeruleus of Brown–Norway rats

Brain Research ◽

10.1016/s0006-8993(99)01200-7 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 826 (1) ◽

pp. 143-147 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Molly M Shores ◽

Sylvia S White ◽

Richard C Veith ◽

Patricia Szot

Keyword(s):

Tyrosine Hydroxylase ◽

Locus Coeruleus ◽

Old Age ◽

Middle Age ◽

Brown Norway ◽

Norepinephrine Uptake ◽

Norway Rats

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Age-related alterations in NOS and oxidative stress in mesenteric arteries from male and female rats

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00242.2004 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 97 (4) ◽

pp. 1268-1274 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Jennifer C. Sullivan ◽

Elizabeth Dabbs Loomis ◽

Matthew Collins ◽

John D. Imig ◽

Edward W. Inscho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Nitric Oxide ◽

Vascular Function ◽

Mesenteric Arteries ◽

Brown Norway ◽

Nitric Oxide Release ◽

Fischer 344 ◽

Age Related ◽

Males And Females ◽

Norway Rats

Epidemiological evidence suggests that advancing age affects the cardiovascular system of men and women differently. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the effects of aging on nitric oxide synthase (NOS), oxidative stress, and vascular function are different in males and females. Mesenteric arteries from young (3 mo) and old (24 mo) male and female Fischer 344/Brown Norway rats were studied. Western blot analysis and NOS activity were performed on the homogenized mesenteric arterial bed separated into cytosolic and membrane-associated fractions. Plasma 8-isoprostane measurements assessed oxidative stress. Vascular reactivity was determined by using a wire myograph in the absence and presence of a NOS inhibitor, Nω-nitro-l-arginine, to examine endothelial function and basal and stimulated nitric oxide release. In additional arteries, reactivity was performed in the presence of polyethylene glycol-SOD to assess the impact of superoxide on vascular function. Among females, aging was associated with a decline in membrane-associated NOS activity and membrane-associated NOS III protein expression. Advancing age in males was associated with increased cytosolic NOS III protein expression. Among both males and females, advancing age resulted in increased oxidative stress. Vascular function was maintained with age in arteries from both males and females, and there was no difference in either basal or stimulated nitric oxide release with age. Despite sex-specific effects of advancing age on the NOS system and increases in markers of oxidative stress, vascular function is maintained in mesenteric arteries from aged Fischer 344/Brown Norway rats. These data suggest that age-related alterations in the resistance vasculature are complex and likely involve multiple compensating vasoactive pathways.

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Dietary caloric restriction may delay the development of cataract by attenuating the oxidative stress in the lenses of Brown Norway rats

Experimental Eye Research ◽

10.1016/j.exer.2003.07.009 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

pp. 151-158 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Keyang Wang ◽

Dayu Li ◽

Fang Sun

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Caloric Restriction ◽

Brown Norway ◽

Norway Rats

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Interaction of Diet and Ozone Exposure on Oxidative Stress Parameters within Specific Brain Regions of Male Brown Norway Rats

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20010011 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 11 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Joseph Valdez ◽

Andrew Johnstone ◽

Judy Richards ◽

Judith Schmid ◽

Joyce Royland ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Ozone Exposure ◽

Protein Carbonyls ◽

Brown Norway ◽

Specific Effects ◽

High Fructose ◽

Metabolic States ◽

Total Antioxidant

Oxidative stress (OS) contributes to the neurological and cardio/pulmonary effects caused by adverse metabolic states and air pollutants such as ozone (O3). This study explores the interactive effects of O3 and diet (high-fructose (FRUC) or high–fat (FAT)) on OS in different rat brain regions. In acute exposure, there was a decrease in markers of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in some brain regions by diet and not by O3. Total antioxidant substances (TAS) were increased in the cerebellum (CER) and frontal cortex (FC) and decreased in the striatum (STR) by both diets irrespective of O3 exposure. Protein carbonyls (PC) and total aconitase decreased in some brain regions irrespective of exposure. Following subacute exposure, an increase in markers of ROS was observed in both diet groups. TAS was increased in the FC (FAT only) and there was a clear O3 effect where TAS was increased in the FC and STR. Diet increased PC formation within the CER in the FAT group, while the hippocampus showed a decrease in PC after O3 exposure in controls. In general, these results indicate that diet/O3 did not have a global effect on brain OS parameters, but showed some brain region- and OS parameter-specific effects by diets.

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