Real-Time Pricing for Charging Electric Vehicles

Optimization-based methods are of interest for developing energy management strategies due to their high performance for hybrid electric vehicles. However, these methods are often complicated and may require strong computational efforts, which can prevent them from real-world applications. This paper proposes a novel real-time optimization-based torque distribution strategy for a parallel hybrid truck. The strategy aims to minimize the engine fuel consumption while ensuring battery charge-sustaining by using linear quadratic regulation in a closed-loop control scheme. Furthermore, by reformulating the problem, the obtained strategy does not require the information of the engine efficiency map like the previous works in literature. The obtained strategy is simple, straightforward, and therefore easy to be implemented in real-time platforms. The proposed method is evaluated via simulation by comparison to dynamic programming as a benchmark. Furthermore, the real-time ability of the proposed strategy is experimentally validated by using power hardware-in-the-loop simulation.

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Day-ahead Dispatching Model of Source-load Coordination Considering Consumer’s Response Behavior to Real-time Pricing

2021 6th Asia Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering (ACPEE) ◽

10.1109/acpee51499.2021.9436888 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Song Han ◽

Jingxin Luo ◽

Yun Liu ◽

Na Rong

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Response Behavior ◽

Real Time Pricing

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Techno-Economic Planning and Operation of the Microgrid Considering Real-Time Pricing Demand Response Program

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14154597 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (15) ◽

pp. 4597

Author(s):

Zi-Xuan Yu ◽

Meng-Shi Li ◽

Yi-Peng Xu ◽

Sheraz Aslam ◽

Yuan-Kang Li

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Demand Response ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Environmental Aspects ◽

Component Size ◽

Cost Of Energy ◽

Four Seasons ◽

Demand Response Program ◽

Real Time Pricing

The optimal planning of grid-connected microgrids (MGs) has been extensively studied in recent years. While most of the previous studies have used fixed or time-of-use (TOU) prices for the optimal sizing of MGs, this work introduces real-time pricing (RTP) for implementing a demand response (DR) program according to the national grid prices of Iran. In addition to the long-term planning of MG, the day-ahead operation of MG is also analyzed to get a better understanding of the DR program for daily electricity dispatch. For this purpose, four different days corresponding to the four seasons are selected for further analysis. In addition, various impacts of the proposed DR program on the MG planning results, including sizing and best configuration, net present cost (NPC) and cost of energy (COE), and emission generation by the utility grid, are investigated. The optimization results show that the implementation of the DR program has a positive impact on the technical, economic, and environmental aspects of MG. The NPC and COE are reduced by about USD 3700 and USD 0.0025/kWh, respectively. The component size is also reduced, resulting in a reduction in the initial cost. Carbon emissions are also reduced by 185 kg/year.

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