Comparative analysis of local effects caused by Bothrops alternatus and Bothrops moojeni snake venoms: enzymatic contributions and inflammatory modulations

ABSTRACTSnake venoms are important sources of substances with a variety of pharmacological activities. Among the different proteins present in these venoms, snake venom serine proteinases (SVSPs) have important effects on the hemostatic system that influence the hemodynamic properties of blood. Bothrops genus snakes presented their venom richly composed of SVSPs thrombin-like, and the isolation of these enzymes is of great interest. In 1994, the Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP) - UNESP standardized the fibrin sealant derived from snake venom, replacing the bovine thrombin by gyroxin thrombin-like enzyme from Crotalus durissus terrificus (Rattlesnake) and human plasma fibrinogen by buffaloes cryoprecipitate. Despite chromatographic techniques for the purification of gyroxin be well grounded in the literature, that income is considered low. Thus, in addition to gyroxin, other thrombin-like enzymes could be employed in the composition of the new fibrin sealant after being standardized to the purifying and chromatographic performance and widely evaluated for biological activities. Therefore, it is extremely important that in our lab is deployed, standardized and validated a method for the chromatographic purification of other thrombin-like enzymes such as found in Bothrops snake venoms. Thus a two-step chromatographic procedure was developed to routinely purify serine proteinases from Bothrops alternatus and B. moojeni snakes venoms to provide new enzymes for improving the CEVAP’s heterologous fibrin sealant.

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Myographic and morphological changes produced by Bothrops moojeni and Bothrops alternatus venoms in the mouse extensor digitorum longus (edl) muscle preparation

Toxicon ◽

10.1016/s0041-0101(00)80153-1 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 38 (4) ◽

pp. 591-592

Keyword(s):

Extensor Digitorum Longus ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Extensor Digitorum ◽

Muscle Preparation ◽

Bothrops Alternatus ◽

Edl Muscle ◽

Bothrops Moojeni

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Local effects induced by coral snake venoms: Evidence of myonecrosis after experimental inoculations of venoms from five species

Toxicon ◽

10.1016/0041-0101(83)90066-1 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 777-783 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

JoséMaría Gutiérrez ◽

Bruno Lomonte ◽

Elsa Portilla ◽

Luis Cerdas ◽

Ermila Rojas

Keyword(s):

Coral Snake ◽

Snake Venoms ◽

Local Effects

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Medicinal Plants for the Treatment of Local Tissue Damage Induced by Snake Venoms: An Overview from Traditional Use to Pharmacological Evidence

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/5748256 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Juliana Félix-Silva ◽

Arnóbio Antônio Silva-Junior ◽

Silvana Maria Zucolotto ◽

Matheus de Freitas Fernandes-Pedrosa

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Tissue Damage ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Specific Treatment ◽

Future Research ◽

Snake Venoms ◽

Local Effects ◽

Traditional Use ◽

Permanent Disability ◽

Local Tissue

Snakebites are a serious problem in public health due to their high morbimortality. Most of snake venoms produce intense local tissue damage, which could lead to temporary or permanent disability in victims. The available specific treatment is the antivenom serum therapy, whose effectiveness is reduced against these effects. Thus, the search for complementary alternatives for snakebite treatment is relevant. There are several reports of the popular use of medicinal plants against snakebites worldwide. In recent years, many studies have been published giving pharmacological evidence of benefits of several vegetal species against local effects induced by a broad range of snake venoms, including inhibitory potential against hyaluronidase, phospholipase, proteolytic, hemorrhagic, myotoxic, and edematogenic activities. In this context, this review aimed to provide an updated overview of medicinal plants used popularly as antiophidic agents and discuss the main species with pharmacological studies supporting the uses, with emphasis on plants inhibiting local effects of snake envenomation. The present review provides an updated scenario and insights into future research aiming at validation of medicinal plants as antiophidic agents and strengthens the potentiality of ethnopharmacology as a tool for design of potent inhibitors and/or development of herbal medicines against venom toxins, especially local tissue damage.

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