Effect of methyl substitution of benzene on the percutaneous absorption and skin irritation in hairless rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 159 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ahaghotu ◽  
R.J. Babu ◽  
A. Chatterjee ◽  
M. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Percutaneous Absorption ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Methyl Substitution

Evaluation of percutaneous absorption and skin irritation of ketoprofen through rat skin: in vitro and in vivo study

2001 ◽  
Vol 222 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pao-Chu Wu ◽  
Jin-Sheng Chang ◽  
Yaw-Bin Huang ◽  
Chee-Yin Chai ◽  
Yi-Hung Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Percutaneous Absorption ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Rat Skin

Percutaneous absorption and skin irritation of JP-8 (jet fuel)

Toxicology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 161 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narayanasamy Kanikkannan ◽  
Reena Patel ◽  
Tanise Jackson ◽  
Madhu Sudhan Shaik ◽  
Mandip Singh
Keyword(s):  
Percutaneous Absorption ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Jet Fuel

scholarly journals Safety Assessment of PEG-150 Pentaerythrityl Tetrastearate as Used in Cosmetics

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 5S-9S
Author(s):  
Wilbur Johnson ◽  
Wilma F. Bergfeld ◽  
Donald V. Belsito ◽  
Ronald A. Hill ◽  
Curtis D. Klaassen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Patch Test ◽  
Percutaneous Absorption ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Skin Penetration ◽  
Toxicity Data ◽  
Cosmetic Products

The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel (Panel) reviewed the safety of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-150 pentaerythrityl tetrastearate, which functions as a viscosity-increasing agent-aqueous in cosmetic products and is being used at concentrations up to 5%. Given the chemical structure (large molecule), skin penetration is not likely. The available toxicity data and the low ingredient use concentrations suggest that systemic toxicity would not be likely even if percutaneous absorption were to occur. Additionally, the negative human repeated insult patch test data on the undiluted ingredient were deemed sufficient for evaluating skin irritation and sensitization potential. The Panel concluded that PEG-150 pentaerythrityl tetrastearate is safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration described in this safety assessment.

scholarly journals Safety Assessment of Pentaerythrityl Tetra-Di-t-Butyl Hydroxyhydrocinnamate as Used in Cosmetics

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 80S-89S ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilbur Johnson ◽  
Wilma F. Bergfeld ◽  
Donald V. Belsito ◽  
Ronald A. Hill ◽  
Curtis D. Klaassen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Patch Test ◽  
Percutaneous Absorption ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Skin Penetration ◽  
Toxicity Data ◽  
Cosmetic Products

Pentaerythrityl tetra-di -t-butyl hydroxyhydrocinnamate functions as an antioxidant in cosmetic products and is used at concentrations up to 0.8%. Given the high molecular weight of this ingredient, skin penetration is not likely. The available toxicity data, together with the low ingredient use concentrations, suggest that systemic toxicity would not be likely if percutaneous absorption were to occur. Additionally, the negative human repeated insult patch test data at a concentration of 0.5% were deemed sufficient for evaluating the skin irritation and sensitization potential of pentaerythrityl tetra-di -t-butyl hydroxyhydrocinnamate over the range of use concentrations in cosmetic products. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel concluded that pentaerythrityl tetra-di -t-butyl hydroxyhydrocinnamate is safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration described in this safety assessment.

scholarly journals Safety Assessment of Cyclomethicone, Cyclotetrasiloxane, Cyclopentasiloxane, Cyclohexasiloxane, and Cycloheptasiloxane

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 149S-227S ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilbur Johnson ◽  
Wilma F. Bergfeld ◽  
Donald V. Belsito ◽  
Ronald A. Hill ◽  
Curtis D. Klaassen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chain Length ◽  
Percutaneous Absorption ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Systemic Exposure ◽  
Dermal Exposure ◽  
Cyclic Siloxanes ◽  
Dimethyl Polysiloxane

Cyclomethicone (mixture) and the specific chain length cyclic siloxanes (n = 4-7) reviewed in this safety assessment are cyclic dimethyl polysiloxane compounds. These ingredients have the skin/hair conditioning agent function in common. Minimal percutaneous absorption was associated with these ingredients and the available data do not suggest skin irritation or sensitization potential. Also, it is not likely that dermal exposure to these ingredients from cosmetics would cause significant systemic exposure. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel concluded that these ingredients are safe in the present practices of use and concentration.

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