The role of emerging manufacturers in access to innovative vaccines of public health importance

Vaccine ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 2115-2121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie B. Milstien ◽  
Miloud Kaddar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Importance

Public Health Laboratory Network

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
John R Bates
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Laboratory ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Inaugural Meeting ◽  
The Public ◽  
Laboratory Network ◽  
Outbreak Investigations ◽  
First Time

The Public Health Laboratory Network had its inaugural meeting on 26 June 1997. The meeting was chaired by Professor Lyn Gilbert who played a pivotal role in establishing this group. This was the first time that all the state and territory public health laboratory directors had been called to meet together. Members expressed a strong desire to communicate more closely on issues of public health importance and recognised the importance of promoting the role of public health laboratories in outbreak investigations and routine and enhanced surveillance.

Teaching about depression in different cultures: Experience gained in the use of the WPA educational programme on depressive disorders

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 2137-2137
Author(s):  
N. Sartorius
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Educational Programme ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Cultures

Aware of the huge and growing public health importance of depressive disorders the World Psychiatric Association developed an educational programme that brought together materials that psychiatrists could use in teaching other medical staff - for example general practitioners - about depression and its management. The programme was translated in many languages and widely used. Reports about the usefulness of the programme were very positive and usually drew attention to the fact that the programme contained a large amount of data that could be used in composing teaching curricula appropriate for the different settings in which the training was to take place. The experience gained in the use of the programme guided the development of the updated version of the programme released in 2009. As in the first edition, information was made available so that teachers could use in composing their educational activities. In addition however, a special chapter has been added to the programme addressing the role of culture in the presentation of depression and in its management. The presentation will describe the programme and its development. It will in particular describe the parts of the programme dealing with cultural issues and with the methods of education of general practitioners.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 and the role of orofecal transmission: a systematic review

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Carl J. Heneghan ◽  
Elizabeth A. Spencer ◽  
Jon Brassey ◽  
Annette Plüddemann ◽  
Igho J. Onakpoya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Fecal Shedding ◽  
Viral Culture

Background: Mode of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is of key public health importance. SARS-CoV-2 has been detected in the feces of some COVID-19 patients, suggesting the possibility that the virus could, in addition to droplet and fomite transmission, be transmitted via the orofecal route. Methods: This review is part of an Open Evidence Review on Transmission Dynamics of COVID-19. We conduct ongoing searches using WHO COVID-19 Database, LitCovid, medRxiv, and Google Scholar; assess study quality based on five criteria and report important findings on an ongoing basis. Where necessary, authors are contacted for further details on the content of their articles. Results: We include searches up until 20 December 2020. We included 110 relevant studies: 76 primary observational studies or reports, and 35 reviews (one cohort study also included a review) examining the potential role of orofecal transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Of the observational studies, 37 were done in China. A total of 48 studies (n=9,081 patients) reported single cases, case series or cohort data on individuals with COVID-19 diagnosis or their contacts and 46 (96%) detected binary RT-PCR with 535 out of 1358 samples positive for SARs-CoV-2 (average 39.4%). The results suggest a long duration of fecal shedding, often recorded after respiratory samples tested negative, and symptoms of gastrointestinal disease were reported in several studies. Twenty-nine studies reported finding SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater, river water or toilet areas. Six studies attempted viral culture from COVID-19 patients’ fecal samples: culture was successful in 3 of 6 studies, and one study demonstrated invasion of the virus into the intestinal epithelial cells. Conclusions: Varied observational and mechanistic evidence suggests SARS-CoV-2 can infect and be shed from the gastrointestinal tract, including some data demonstrating viral culture in fecal samples. Future studies should test this hypothesis rigorously to allow the development of appropriate public health measures.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document