Studies of the fate of radioactive 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in bean plants. II. A water-soluble transformation product of 2,4-D

1952 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Holley
Keyword(s):  
Transformation Product ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

scholarly journals Changes in Leaf-Sugar Content and Enzyme Activity of Immature Sugarcane Following Foliar Application of Indole-3-Acetic Acid, 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid, and Maleic Hydrazide

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Alex G. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Maleic Hydrazide ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Indole-3-acetic acid, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, and maleic hydrazide were applied as foliar sprays to 10-week-old sugarcane plants during initial studies of the interrelationships of growth-regulating materials with the sugar-metabolizing enzymes of sugarcane. Leaf samples were harvested at 1, 3, 9, and 27 days following treatment for sugar and enzyme assays. Sugar analyses were run for total ketoses, sucrose, fructose, and total reducing sugars, with glucose being determined by calculation. A series of acid phosphatase assays were conducted using as substrates the following compounds: ß-glycerophosphate, adenosinetriphosphate, uridine diphosphate glucose, glucose-1-phosphate, glucose-6-phosphate, fructose-6- phosphate, fructose-1,6-diphosphate, and 3-phosphoglyceric acid. Additional enzymes included invertase, amylase, hexokinase, phosphohexose isomerase, aldolase, triosephosphate dehydrogenase, phosphoglyceryl kinase, condensing enzyme, isocitric acid dehydrogenase, transaminase, peroxidase, and glucose oxidase. All enzyme preparations consisted of dialyzed water-soluble protein extracted from freeze-dried leaf tissue and precipitated with ammonium sulfate between 35 and 95 percent of saturation.

Metabolism of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. II. Metabolism of the side chain by bean plants

1952 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Weintraub ◽  
John N. Yeatman ◽  
James A. Lockhart ◽  
Justin H. Reinhart ◽  
Melvin Fields
Keyword(s):  
Side Chain ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Effect of Simulated Rainfall on Herbicide Performance

Weed Science ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Bovey ◽  
J. D. Diaz-Colon
Keyword(s):  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Dimethylarsinic Acid ◽  
Simulated Rainfall ◽  
Butyl Esters ◽  
Artificial Rainfall ◽  
Cacodylic Acid ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Studies were conducted to determine the effect of simulated rainfall on the phytotoxicity of several herbicides. Oil soluble herbicides 4,6-dinitro-o-sec-butylphenol (DNBP), pentachlorophenol (PCP), a 1:1 mixture of the butyl esters of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D: 2,4,5-T), and a 2:2:1 mixture of the isooctyl esters of 2,4–13:2,4,5-T: 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid (picloram) (hereinafter referred to as M-3140), usually were less affected by artificial rainfall than were water soluble 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium salt (paraquat), dimethylarsinic acid (cacodylic acid), and cis-2,3,5,5,5-pentachloro-4-ketopentenoic acid (hereinafter referred to as AP-20), on guava (Psidium guajava L.) and mango (Mangifera indica L.). Washing reduced the activity of some oil and water-soluble herbicides on sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, var. Combine Kafir-60) and dioscorea (Dioscorea composita Hemsl). As herbicide rates were increased, washing reduced the phytotoxicity of paraquat and 2,4-D:2,4,5-T less on mango and guava. Artificial rainfall applied as a mist spray at different intervals had no effect on the phytotoxicity of paraquat; it reduced the activity of cacodylic acid and increased the effectiveness of AP-20 on mango.

Effect of drying of soils on the adsorption and leaching of phosphate and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

Soil Research ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 491 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Baskaran ◽  
NS Bolan ◽  
A Rahman ◽  
RW Tillman ◽  
AN MacGregor
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Adsorption Kinetics ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Separate Experiment ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Adsorption Sites ◽  
Surface Samples ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Surface samples of an allophanic (Patua silt loam) and a non-allophanic (Tokomaru silt loam) soil were used to examine the effects of drying on the adsorption and leaching of phosphate and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Phosphate and 2,4-D adsorption isotherms and adsorption kinetics were determined for field-moist, air-dried and oven-dried soil samples using KH2PO4 and 14C labelled 2,4-D. In a separate experiment, the leaching of a pulse of phosphate or 2,4-D was examined using soil columns. The Patua silt loam adsorbed 4-7 times more phosphate and 2,4-D than the Tokomaru silt loam. Compared with field-moist soil, both air-dried and oven-dried soil increased (2-5 times) the adsorption of phosphate, and oven-dried soil decreased the adsorption of 2,4-D. The adsorption kinetics indicated that there was no effect of drying on the rate of adsorption of either phosphate or 2,4-D. In column experiments, there was less leaching of phosphate and 2,4-D from the Patua soil than from the Tokomaru soil. In both soils, there was no effect of drying on the leaching of phosphate, whereas oven-drying increased the leaching of 2,4-D. Solubilization of organic matter during drying increased the accessibility of P to adsorption sites on the mineral surface and thereby increased the adsorption, whereas the water-soluble organic matter bound 2,4-D and thereby decreased the apparent adsorption onto soil and increased leaching

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