Investigation of electrochemical reversibility and redox-active polypyrrole film formation of amide ferrocene-pyrrole derivatives

E. Saint-Aman; Mihaela Ungureanu; T. Visan; J.-C. Moutet

doi:10.1016/s0013-4686(96)00383-0

Effect of hydrophilic group on thin film formation using redox-active surfactants with an azobenzene group

Electrochimica Acta ◽

10.1016/j.electacta.2008.03.024 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 53 (28) ◽

pp. 8161-8165 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Haruko Fujita ◽

Nabeen K. Shrestha ◽

Hitoshi Ogihara ◽

Tetsuo Saji

Keyword(s):

Thin Film ◽

Film Formation ◽

Hydrophilic Group ◽

Redox Active ◽

Azobenzene Group ◽

Thin Film Formation

Polypyrrole film formation by solution-surface electropolymerization: influence of solvents and doped anions

The Journal of Physical Chemistry ◽

10.1021/j100055a034 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 98 (4) ◽

pp. 1250-1252 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Seungjun Lee ◽

Hyunkyung Sung ◽

Sujung Han ◽

Woonkie Paik

Keyword(s):

Film Formation ◽

Polypyrrole Film ◽

Solution Surface ◽

Influence Of Solvents

Application of Electrochemically Formed Polypyrrole to Secondary Battery-The Effect of PF6- on Polypyrrole Film Formation

Denki Kagaku oyobi Kogyo Butsuri Kagaku ◽

10.5796/kogyobutsurikagaku.54.75 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 75-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hiroshi SAKAI ◽

Katsuhiko NAOI ◽

Takayaki HIRABAYASHI ◽

Tetsuya OSAKA

Keyword(s):

Film Formation ◽

Secondary Battery ◽

Polypyrrole Film

Poly(thieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxine) and poly([1,4]dioxino[2,3-c]pyrrole) derivatives: p- and n-dopable redox-active electrode materials for solid state supercapacitor applications

Organic Electronics ◽

10.1016/j.orgel.2013.09.037 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 3249-3259 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Deniz Yiğit ◽

Tuğba Güngör ◽

Mustafa Güllü

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Electrode Materials ◽

Active Electrode ◽

Pyrrole Derivatives ◽

Redox Active ◽

Supercapacitor Applications

Effect of PF 6 − Anion on the Properties of Lithium‐Polypyrrole Battery during Polypyrrole Film Formation

Journal of The Electrochemical Society ◽

10.1149/1.2100447 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 134 (2) ◽

pp. 285-289 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Tetsuya Osaka ◽

Katsuhiko Naoi ◽

Hiroshi Sakai ◽

Satoshi Ogano

Keyword(s):

Film Formation ◽

Polypyrrole Film

ChemInform Abstract: Effect of PF- 6 Anion on the Properties of Lithium-Polypyrrole Battery During Polypyrrole Film Formation.

ChemInform ◽

10.1002/chin.198722013 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 18 (22) ◽

Author(s):

T. OSAKA ◽

K. NAOI ◽

H. SAKAI ◽

S. OGANO

Keyword(s):

Film Formation ◽

Polypyrrole Film

Effect of benzotriazole (BTA) addition on Polypyrrole film formation on copper and its corrosion protection

Progress in Organic Coatings ◽

10.1016/j.porgcoat.2013.10.009 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 77 (2) ◽

pp. 339-346 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Y.H. Lei ◽

N. Sheng ◽

A. Hyono ◽

M. Ueda ◽

T. Ohtsuka

Keyword(s):

Corrosion Protection ◽

Film Formation ◽

Polypyrrole Film

Structures and crystallization of vacuum-deposited amorphous Se and Sb films

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100173832 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 140-141

Author(s):

Makoto Shiojiri ◽

Toshiyuki Isshiki ◽

Tetsuya Fudaba ◽

Yoshihiro Hirota

Keyword(s):

Monte Carlo ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Monte Carlo Method ◽

Computer Program ◽

Radial Distribution ◽

Film Formation ◽

Amorphous State ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Amorphous Films ◽

Binding Condition

In hexagonal Se crystal each atom is covalently bound to two others to form an endless spiral chain, and in Sb crystal each atom to three others to form an extended puckered sheet. Such chains and sheets may be regarded as one- and two- dimensional molecules, respectively. In this paper we investigate the structures in amorphous state of these elements and the crystallization.HRTEM and ED images of vacuum-deposited amorphous Se and Sb films were taken with a JEM-200CX electron microscope (Cs=1.2 mm). The structure models of amorphous films were constructed on a computer by Monte Carlo method. Generated atoms were subsequently deposited on a space of 2 nm×2 nm as they fulfiled the binding condition, to form a film 5 nm thick (Fig. 1a-1c). An improvement on a previous computer program has been made as to realize the actual film formation. Radial distribution fuction (RDF) curves, ED intensities and HRTEM images for the constructed structure models were calculated, and compared with the observed ones.

Lipid Polymorphism and Virus-Membrane Fusion as Observed in Vitrified Thin Films by Cryo-Electron Microscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010018121x ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 492-493

Author(s):

P.M. Frederik ◽

K.N.J. Burger ◽

M.C.A. Stuart ◽

A.J. Verkleij

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Thin Films ◽

Membrane Fusion ◽

Film Formation ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Influenza B ◽

Complex Structures ◽

Type Ii ◽

Suspended Material ◽

Cryo Electron Microscopy

Cellular membranes are often composed of phospholipid mixtures in which one or more components have a tendency to adopt a type II non-bilayer lipid structure such as the inverted hexagonal (H||) phase. The formation of a type II non-bilayer intermediate, the inverted lipid micel is proposed as the initial step in membrane fusion (Verkleij 1984, Siegel, 1986). In the various forms of cellular transport mediated by carrier vesicles (e.g. exocytosis, endocytosis) the regulation of membrane fusion, and hence of inverted lipid micel formation, is of vital importance.We studied the phase behaviour of simple and complex lipid mixtures by cryo-electron microscopy to gain more insight in the ultrastructure of different lipid phases (e.g. Pβ’, Lα, H||) and in the complex membrane structures arising after Lα < - > H|| phase changes (e.g. isotropic, cubic). To prepare hydrated thin films a 700 mesh hexagonal grid (without supporting film) was dipped into and withdrawn from a liposome suspension. The excess fluid was blotted against filter paper and the thin films that form between the bars of the specimen grid were immediately (within 1 second) vitrified by plunging of the carrier grids into ethane cooled to its melting point by liquid nitrogen (Dubochet et al., 1982). Surface active molecules such as phospholipids play an important role in the formation and thinning of these aqueous thin films (Frederik et al., 1989). The formation of two interfacial layers at the air-water interfaces requires transport of surface molecules from the suspension as well as the orientation of these molecules at the interfaces. During the spontaneous thinning of the film the interfaces approach each other, initially driven by capillary forces later by Van der Waals attraction. The process of thinning results in the sorting by size of the suspended material and is also accompanied by a loss of water from the thinner parts of the film. This loss of water may result in the concentration and eventually in partial dehydration of suspended material even if thin films are vitrified within 1 sec after their formation. Film formation and vitrification were initiated at temperatures between 20-60°C by placing die equipment in an incubator provided widi port holes for the necessary manipulations. Unilamellar vesicles were made from dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline (DPPC) by an extrusion method and showed a smooth (Lα) or a rippled (PB’.) structure depending on the temperature of the suspensions and the temperature of film formation (50°C resp. 39°C) prior to vitrification. The thermotropic phases of hydrated phospholipids are thus faithfully preserved in vitrified thin films (fig. a,b). Complex structures arose when mixtures of dioleoylphosphatidylethanol-amine (DOPE), dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC) and cholesterol (molar ratio 3/1/2) are heated and used for thin film formation. The tendency of DOPE to adopt the H|| phase is responsible for the formation of complex structures in this lipid mixture. Isotropic and cubic areas (fig. c,d) having a bilayer structure are found in coexistence with H|| cylinders (fig. e). The formation of interlamellar attachments (ILA’s) as observed in isotropic and cubic structures is also thought to be of importance in biological fusion events. Therefore the study of the fusion activity of influenza B virus with liposomes (DOPE/DOPC/cholesterol/ganglioside in a molar ratio 1/1/2/0.2) was initiated. At neutral pH only adsorption of virus to liposomes was observed whereas 2 minutes after a drop in pH (7.4 - > 5.4) fusion between virus and liposome membranes was demonstrated (fig. f). The micrographs illustrate the exciting potential of cryo-electron microscopy to study lipid-lipid and lipid-protein interactions in hydrated specimens.

Common modifications of selenocysteine in selenoproteins

Essays in Biochemistry ◽

10.1042/ebc20190051 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 45-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elias S.J. Arnér

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Covalent Binding ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Redox Active

Abstract Selenocysteine (Sec), the sulfur-to-selenium substituted variant of cysteine (Cys), is the defining entity of selenoproteins. These are naturally expressed in many diverse organisms and constitute a unique class of proteins. As a result of the physicochemical characteristics of selenium when compared with sulfur, Sec is typically more reactive than Cys while participating in similar reactions, and there are also some qualitative differences in the reactivities between the two amino acids. This minireview discusses the types of modifications of Sec in selenoproteins that have thus far been experimentally validated. These modifications include direct covalent binding through the Se atom of Sec to other chalcogen atoms (S, O and Se) as present in redox active molecular motifs, derivatization of Sec via the direct covalent binding to non-chalcogen elements (Ni, Mb, N, Au and C), and the loss of Se from Sec resulting in formation of dehydroalanine. To understand the nature of these Sec modifications is crucial for an understanding of selenoprotein reactivities in biological, physiological and pathophysiological contexts.