scholarly journals Enhancer activity of upstream hypersensitive site 2 of the chicken beta-globin cluster is mediated by GATA sites.

1994 ◽  
Vol 269 (51) ◽  
pp. 32565-32571
Author(s):  
L V Abruzzo ◽  
M Reitman
Keyword(s):  
Beta Globin ◽  
Hypersensitive Site ◽  
Enhancer Activity

scholarly journals Characterization of the DNase I hypersensitive site 3' of the human beta globin gene domain

Blood ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. 2781-2790
Author(s):  
DE Fleenor ◽  
RE Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Topoisomerase Ii ◽  
Globin Gene ◽  
Dnase I ◽  
Globin Genes ◽  
Beta Globin ◽  
Hypersensitive Site ◽  
Mobility Shift ◽  
Enhancer Activity ◽  
Beta Globin Gene

The members of the human beta globin gene family are flanked by strong DNase I hypersensitive sites. The collection of sites 5' to the epsilon globin gene is able to confer high levels of expression of linked globin genes, but a function has not been assigned to the site 3' to the beta globin gene (3'HS1). Our analysis of this DNase I super hypersensitive site shows that the region is composed of multiple DNase I sites. By examination of the DNA sequence, we have determined that the region is very A/T-rich and contains topoisomerase II recognition sequences, as well as several consensus binding motifs for GATA-1 and AP-1/NF-E2. Gel mobility shift assays indicate that the region can interact in vitro with GATA-1 and AP-1/NF-E2, and functional studies show that the region serves as a scaffold attachment region in both erythroid and nonerythroid cell lines. Whereas many of the physical features of 3'HS1 are shared by 5'HS2 (a component of the 5' locus control region), transient expression studies show that 3' HS1 does not share the erythroid-specific enhancer activity exhibited by 5'HS2.

scholarly journals Characterization of the DNase I hypersensitive site 3' of the human beta globin gene domain

Blood ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. 2781-2790 ◽  
Author(s):  
DE Fleenor ◽  
RE Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Topoisomerase Ii ◽  
Globin Gene ◽  
Dnase I ◽  
Globin Genes ◽  
Beta Globin ◽  
Hypersensitive Site ◽  
Mobility Shift ◽  
Enhancer Activity ◽  
Beta Globin Gene

Abstract The members of the human beta globin gene family are flanked by strong DNase I hypersensitive sites. The collection of sites 5' to the epsilon globin gene is able to confer high levels of expression of linked globin genes, but a function has not been assigned to the site 3' to the beta globin gene (3'HS1). Our analysis of this DNase I super hypersensitive site shows that the region is composed of multiple DNase I sites. By examination of the DNA sequence, we have determined that the region is very A/T-rich and contains topoisomerase II recognition sequences, as well as several consensus binding motifs for GATA-1 and AP-1/NF-E2. Gel mobility shift assays indicate that the region can interact in vitro with GATA-1 and AP-1/NF-E2, and functional studies show that the region serves as a scaffold attachment region in both erythroid and nonerythroid cell lines. Whereas many of the physical features of 3'HS1 are shared by 5'HS2 (a component of the 5' locus control region), transient expression studies show that 3' HS1 does not share the erythroid-specific enhancer activity exhibited by 5'HS2.

The barrier activity of the chicken hypersensitive site-4 insulator (cHS4) element result in higher human beta-globin expression from lentiviral vectors

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-184
Author(s):  
Paritha I. Arumugam ◽  
Fabrizia Urbinati ◽  
Jessica Scholes ◽  
Ping Xia ◽  
Natalya Perelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lentiviral Vectors ◽  
Beta Globin ◽  
Hypersensitive Site

scholarly journals Human beta-globin locus control region: analysis of the 5' DNase I hypersensitive site HS 2 in transgenic mice.

1991 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 1626-1630 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Caterina ◽  
T. M. Ryan ◽  
K. M. Pawlik ◽  
R. D. Palmiter ◽  
R. L. Brinster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Control Region ◽  
Locus Control Region ◽  
Dnase I ◽  
Beta Globin ◽  
Hypersensitive Site ◽  
Region Analysis ◽  
Dnase I Hypersensitive Site

scholarly journals Analysis of mice containing a targeted deletion of beta-globin locus control region 5' hypersensitive site 3.

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 2906-2912 ◽  
Author(s):  
B A Hug ◽  
R L Wesselschmidt ◽  
S Fiering ◽  
M A Bender ◽  
E Epner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Germ Line ◽  
Globin Gene ◽  
Globin Genes ◽  
Beta Globin ◽  
Erythroid Cells ◽  
Hypersensitive Site ◽  
Targeted Deletion ◽  
Gamma Globin ◽  
Gene Switching

To examine the function of murine beta-globin locus region (LCR) 5' hypersensitive site 3 (HS3) in its native chromosomal context, we deleted this site from the mouse germ line by using homologous recombination techniques. Previous experiments with human 5' HS3 in transgenic models suggested that this site independently contains at least 50% of total LCR activity and that it interacts preferentially with the human gamma-globin genes in embryonic erythroid cells. However, in this study, we demonstrate that deletion of murine 5' HS3 reduces expression of the linked embryonic epsilon y- and beta H 1-globin genes only minimally in yolk sac-derived erythroid cells and reduces output of the linked adult beta (beta major plus beta minor) globin genes by approximately 30% in adult erythrocytes. When the selectable marker PGK-neo cassette was left within the HS3 region of the LCR, a much more severe phenotype was observed at all developmental stages, suggesting that PGK-neo interferes with LCR activity when it is retained within the LCR. Collectively, these results suggest that murine 5' HS3 is not required for globin gene switching; importantly, however, it is required for approximately 30% of the total LCR activity associated with adult beta-globin gene expression in adult erythrocytes.

scholarly journals Hypersensitive site 5 of the human beta locus control region functions as a chromatin insulator

Blood ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 1399-1401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q Li ◽  
G Stamatoyannopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Control Region ◽  
Globin Gene ◽  
Locus Control Region ◽  
Beta Globin ◽  
Hypersensitive Site ◽  
Reporter Expression ◽  
Chromatin Insulator ◽  
Hypersensitive Sites ◽  
Globin Gene Expression ◽  
Beta Gene

Abstract The human beta locus control region (LCR) consists of five DNAse I hypersensitive sites (HS), four of which are erythroid specific and one, the further upstream located 5′HS5, is constitutive. To characterize the function of 5′HS5 we analyzed globin gene expression of various constructs containing HS3 as an enhancer, HS5, and the beta gene as a reporter. Expression was analyzed in stably transfected MEL cells. We found that the enhancing effect of hypersensitive site 3 is blocked when the HS5 is interposed between HS3 and the beta globin gene. These data suggest that the human 5′HS5 has the properties of a chromatin insulator.

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