Influence of temperature on the functional response of Anisopteromalus calandrae (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), a parasitoid of Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)

Rhizopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) is an internal feeder of whole wheat seed, flour, etc. R. dominica is parasitized by two pteromalid ectoparasitoids, Anisoptetromalus calandrae (How.) and Choetospila elegans (Westw.) in the larval and pupal stages. The effects of host density and temperature on the functional response of the parasitoids in parasitizing the larval and pupal stages of the hosts were examined. Four temperatures and five host densities were used. A functional response equation was used in which a quadratic component that included temperature was substituted for handling time. Functional response of parasitization by A. calandrae and C. elegans fit a formula of Hassell et al. (1977) type III model. The maximum rate of parasitization of A. calandrae was 8.6 larvae/24 hrs and 7.2 larvae/24 hrs of C. elegans at 30ºC, respectively. Handling time and instantaneous search rate varied with temperatures. The ability of A. calandrae and C. elegans to find and parasitize R. dominica over a broad range of temperatures demonstrate it as a good candidate for natural control of the pest. Bangladesh J. Zool. 47(1): 41-47, 2019

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Influence of temperature on the functional response of the predatory bug, Anthocoris minki pistaciae (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), a predator of Agonoscena pistaciae (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)

Zoology and Ecology ◽

10.1080/21658005.2016.1194024 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 64-68

Author(s):

Katayoon Kheradmand ◽

Zohreh Pourali ◽

Arsalan Jamshidnia

Keyword(s):

Functional Response ◽

Influence Of Temperature ◽

Influence Of Temperature On ◽

Agonoscena Pistaciae

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The effect of temperature on high-resolution TEM image contrast

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100139573 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 640-641

Author(s):

T. Geipel ◽

W. Mader ◽

P. Pirouz

Keyword(s):

Form Factor ◽

Inelastic Scattering ◽

Accurate Method ◽

Waller Factor ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Specimen Thickness ◽

Influence Of Temperature ◽

Debye Waller Factor ◽

Influence Of Temperature On ◽

Atomic Form Factor

Temperature affects both elastic and inelastic scattering of electrons in a crystal. The Debye-Waller factor, B, describes the influence of temperature on the elastic scattering of electrons, whereas the imaginary part of the (complex) atomic form factor, fc = fr + ifi, describes the influence of temperature on the inelastic scattering of electrons (i.e. absorption). In HRTEM simulations, two possible ways to include absorption are: (i) an approximate method in which absorption is described by a phenomenological constant, μ, i.e. fi; - μfr, with the real part of the atomic form factor, fr, obtained from Hartree-Fock calculations, (ii) a more accurate method in which the absorptive components, fi of the atomic form factor are explicitly calculated. In this contribution, the inclusion of both the Debye-Waller factor and absorption on HRTEM images of a (Oll)-oriented GaAs crystal are presented (using the EMS software.Fig. 1 shows the the amplitudes and phases of the dominant 111 beams as a function of the specimen thickness, t, for the cases when μ = 0 (i.e. no absorption, solid line) and μ = 0.1 (with absorption, dashed line).

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