The article aims to answer the question of whether a healthy person who takes a registered medication containing modafinil may be considered responsible for behaviours, for which he or she would not be responsible without the cognitive enhancement. For this purpose, three specific questions are analysed. First, it is analysed whether liability is connected to competence in such a way that the increase in an individual’s cognitive competence increases his or her responsibility. Second, if the answer to the previous question is affirmative, under which conditions the person who has taken medications to extend his or her responsibility may be held responsible for conduct which he or she would not have committed without the cognitive improvement. Third, can the conditions referred to in the previous sentence be satisfied in the case of a healthy person who acts under the influence of a drug containing modafinil.
