Alcohol-related fatal crash rates for youth reach historic low: strategies for combating juvenile DUI

This study describes traffic crash rates in selected multilane rural highways in Wasit governorate in Iraq. The main objective of this research is to investigate relationships between total, fatal crash rates and their kinds and factors such as hourly traffic flow and average spot speed. The study is based on data collected from two sources: police stations and traffic surveys. Three highways are selected to cover the locations of the accidents. The selection includes Kut – Suwera with five segments, Kut – ShekhSaad with three segments, and Kut – Hay with two segments multilane divided highways. Multiple linear regression analysis is applied to the data by using SPSS software to attain the relationships between the dependent variables and the independent variables in order to identify elements that are strongly correlated with crashes rates and severity. Seven regression models are developed which verify weak and strong statistical relationships between crashes types and average spot speed with hourly traffic flow respectively. As the hourly traffic flow of automobile grows, the need for safe traffic facilities also grown.

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Motorcycle Helmet use and Trends before and after Florida's Helmet Law Change in 2000

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.1177/0361198105192200123 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 1922 (1) ◽

pp. 183-187 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Patricia A. Turner ◽

Christopher Hagelin

Keyword(s):

South Florida ◽

Helmet Use ◽

Crash Rates ◽

Fatal Crash ◽

Florida Department ◽

Motorcycle Helmet ◽

Before And After ◽

Transportation Research ◽

Helmet Laws ◽

Motorcycle Crashes

The Center for Urban Transportation Research at the University of South Florida conducted this study for the Florida Department of Transportation to analyze motorcycling trends in Florida before and after the July 2000 change to the motorcycle helmet law. The change permits motorcyclists 21 years of age and older to ride without a helmet if they carry at least $10,000 in insurance to cover medical costs incurred as a result of a crash. This paper discusses study findings on motorcycle trends before and after the Florida change related to observed and reported motorcycle helmet use, number and severity of motorcycle crashes, and number and severity of injuries sustained in motorcycle crashes. Additionally, national and Florida data related to vehicle miles of travel (VMT), registrations, crashes, injuries, fatalities, and helmet use are presented, and recommendations for future motorcycle research are made. Findings show that Florida's observed helmet use rate declined from 99.5% in 1998 to 52.7% in 2002. Sport bike riders were among those most likely to be helmeted, whereas lack of helmet use typically was associated with riders on cruiser-style motorcycles. Declines in observed helmet use rates in Florida are comparable to declines in other states with recently amended universal helmet laws. Helmet use among crash-involved motorcycle operators continues to decline even among younger riders required by law to wear helmets. Crash rates and injury rates per registered motorcycle and per motorcycle VMT declined following the helmet law change, with the exception of fatal crash rates.

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Personality and Behavioral Predictors of Cyclist Involvement in Crash-Related Conditions

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16244881 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (24) ◽

pp. 4881 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yubing Zheng ◽

Yang Ma ◽

Nan Li ◽

Jianchuan Cheng

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Road Safety ◽

Sensation Seeking ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Personal Characteristics ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Road Crashes ◽

Crash Rates ◽

Model Combining

In recent years, the increasing rate of road crashes involving cyclists with a disproportionate overrepresentation in injury statistics has become a major concern in road safety and public health. However, much remains unknown about factors contributing to cyclists’ high crash rates, especially those related to personal characteristics. This study aims to explore the influence of cyclist personality traits and cycling behaviors on their road safety outcomes using a mediated model combining these constructs. A total of 628 cyclists completed an online questionnaire consisting of questions related to cycling anger, impulsiveness, normlessness, sensation seeking, risky cycling behaviors, and involvement in crash-related conditions in the past year. After the psychometric properties of the employed scales were examined, the relationships among the tested constructs were investigated using structural equation modeling. The results showed that cyclists’ crash risks were directly predicted by risky cycling behaviors and cycling anger, and the effects of cycling anger, impulsiveness, as well as normlessness on crash risks, were mediated by cycling behaviors. The current findings provide insight into the importance of personality traits in impacting cycling safety and could facilitate the development of evidence-based prevention and promotion strategies targeting cyclists in China.

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Risk factors associated with truck-involved fatal crash severity: Analyzing their impact for different groups of truck drivers

Journal of Safety Research ◽

10.1016/j.jsr.2020.12.012 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yalong Yuan ◽

Min Yang ◽

Yanyong Guo ◽

Soora Rasouli ◽

Zuoxian Gan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Truck Drivers ◽

Crash Severity ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Fatal Crash

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Are Roundabouts Safe and Economically Viable Replacing Conventional Diamond Interchange Ramp Terminals?

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.1177/03611981211008883 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 036119812110088

Author(s):

Boris Claros ◽

Beau Burdett ◽

Madhav Chitturi ◽

Andrea Bill ◽

David A. Noyce

Keyword(s):

Empirical Bayes ◽

Methodological Approach ◽

Cost Savings ◽

Weighted Distribution ◽

Crash Rates ◽

Design Considerations ◽

Rate Analysis ◽

The Cost ◽

Benefit Cost ◽

Service Life Cycle

Roundabout implementations at traditional intersections have been shown to be effective at reducing severe crashes. Roundabouts have also been implemented at interchange ramp terminals; however, limited research is available. In this study, 25 roundabout ramp terminal implementations were evaluated. The methodological approach consisted of Empirical Bayes for safety effectiveness and crash cost changes, crash type weighted distribution, crash rate analysis of bypass configuration, and cost of implementation. Roundabouts were effective at reducing fatal and injury crashes when replacing existing interchange diamond ramp terminals: 65% reduction for roundabouts replacing stop-controlled ramp terminals and 41% reduction for roundabouts replacing signal-controlled ramp terminals. Observed crash type weighted distributions are provided to visualize the frequency and location of crashes within roundabout ramp terminals for design considerations. Exit ramp and outside crossroad approaches with right-turn bypass showed significantly lower crash rates than designs without bypass. The crash cost analysis showed that roundabouts replacing diamond ramp terminals yielded crash cost savings of between $95,000 and $253,000 per site per year (69% to 54% decrease in crash costs). Considering crash costs savings only, the cost of implementation should be less than $1.9 million for a roundabout replacing a stop-controlled ramp terminal and less than $5.1 million for a roundabout replacing a signal-controlled ramp terminal to accomplish benefit-cost ratios greater than one for a service life cycle of 20 years. Costs are in 2019 dollars.

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