Effects of elevated soil copper on phenology, growth and reproduction of five ruderal plant species

This chapter explores patterns of phenological dynamics in tropical systems, where the availability of time is comparatively unconstrained by abiotic conditions. Although abiotic conditions are conducive to growth and reproduction throughout the year in the tropics, many tropical species exhibit pronounced phenological dynamics that shape and are influenced by their interactions in time with other species. Hence, even though ecological time is abundant in tropical systems, species can still be seen to segregate their phenological activity in time. This is evident in the leaf flushing, flowering, and fruiting activity of many tropical plant species that, while capable of expression of such life history events throughout the year, tend to engage in peaks in such activity that lend structure to the phenological community.

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Distribution and Communities of Crypsis Aculeata and Heleochloa Schoenoides in Slovakia

Hacquetia ◽

10.2478/v10028-008-0001-8 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 5-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pavol Eliáš ◽

Daniel Dítě ◽

Vít Grulich ◽

Marek Sádovský

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Field Data ◽

Field Margins ◽

Rural Roads ◽

Saline Habitats ◽

Annual Grasses ◽

Secondary Habitats ◽

Ruderal Plant

Distribution and Communities ofCrypsis AculeataandHeleochloa Schoenoidesin SlovakiaThe distribution and communities of two annual grassesCrypsis aculeataandHeleochloa schoenoideswere studied in Slovakia during 2003-2007. Herbarium and field data were used to reconstruct the occurrence of both taxa. A strong decline inC. aculeatalocalities was observed. This was mainly due to the destruction of periodically flooded saline habitats. By contrast, the occurrence ofH. schenoideswas changed only slightly. This species survives in secondary habitats (rural roads, field margins, field depressions). Point maps of historical and recent distribution are presented. Halophile vegetation ofCrypsis aculeataandHeleochloa schoenoideshas been sampled with the adapted Braun-Blanquet method. All collected relevés have been classified using the JUICE software. The results showed that theCrypsidetum aculeateWenzl 1934 community is missing now in Slovakia, butHeleochloetum schoenoidis(Soó 1933) Topa 1939 was still recorded at a few sites. However, the community contained many ruderal plant species.

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No evidence for local adaptation and an epigenetic underpinning in native and non‐native ruderal plant species in Germany

Ecology and Evolution ◽

10.1002/ece3.5325 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (17) ◽

pp. 9412-9426 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jasmin Herden ◽

Silvia Eckert ◽

Marc Stift ◽

Jasmin Joshi ◽

Mark Kleunen

Keyword(s):

Local Adaptation ◽

Plant Species ◽

Ruderal Plant

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First record of Solidago × Snarskisii (Asteraceae) in Poland

Botanica ◽

10.2478/botlit-2018-0020 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 211-213

Author(s):

Artur Pliszko

Keyword(s):

Alien Species ◽

Plant Species ◽

Parental Species ◽

First Record ◽

Fallow Land ◽

Natural Hybrid ◽

The North ◽

Ne Poland ◽

The Town ◽

Ruderal Plant

Abstract Pliszko A., 2018: First record of Solidago ×snarskisii (Asteraceae) in Poland. - Botanica, 24(2): 211-213. The paper deals with Solidago ×snarskisii, a natural hybrid between the North American S. gigantea and the European S. virgaurea, as a new casual alien species to the flora of Poland. It was found in August 2018 in the town of Suwałki, NE Poland, growing on a fallow land among its parental species. The population of the hybrid consisted of one cluster of shoots, including four generative and three vegetative shoots, and it was associated with meadow, grassland, and ruderal plant species. The locality of S. ×snarskisii in Poland was mapped using the ATPOL cartogram method.

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Ecophysiological aspects of nectar reabsorption

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.2006.006 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 61-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Małgorzata Stpiczyńska ◽

Massimo Nepi

Keyword(s):

Energy Expenditure ◽

Plant Species ◽

Convincing Evidence ◽

Nectar Production ◽

Daily Production ◽

Evolutionary Advantage ◽

Metabolic Costs ◽

Energy Equilibrium ◽

Growth And Reproduction

A number of approaches, both direct and indirect, have shown that nectar is reabsorbed by numerous plant species, irrespective of the age or sex of the flower. Furthermore, reabsorption occurs regardless of whether or not the flower has been pollinated. Reabsorption helps to maintain concentration of nectar and their viscosity and thereby encourages continued visits by pollinators. Conversely, the capacity to vary concentration of nectar sugars may confer evolutionary advantage by encouraging visits by more than one kind of pollinator and this is particularly important in regions where there is a paucity of pollinators. A further important role of nectar reabsorption is the maintenance of the energy equilibrium of the plant. A number of studies have shown that nectar production involves considerable energy expenditure requiring as much as 37% of the plant's daily production of energy by photosynthesis. The increased metabolic costs incurred by the plant during nectar production and secretion can reduce its growth and reproduction during the following season. Reabsorption of nectar that has not been collected by pollinators enables the plant to conserve at least some of the energy reserved for the secretion of nectar. Sugars reabsorbed from nectar can be re-used for the development of fruit and ovules - processes which demand large quantities of sugar. Despite convincing evidence for the reabsorption of nectar, few detailed studies have addressed the transport and incorporation of reabsorbed sugars. One of the questions that remain to be answered is 'What is the cellular basis for nectar reabsorption by the nectary?'

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