No evidence for local adaptation and an epigenetic underpinning in native and non‐native ruderal plant species in Germany

It is now recognized that speciation can proceed even when divergent natural selection is opposed by gene flow. Understanding the extent to which environmental gradients and geographical distance can limit gene flow within species can shed light on the relative roles of selection and dispersal limitation during the early stages of population divergence and speciation. On the remote Lord Howe Island (Australia), ecological speciation with gene flow is thought to have taken place in several plant genera. The aim of this study was to establish the contributions of isolation by environment (IBE) and isolation by community (IBC) to the genetic structure of 19 plant species, from a number of distantly related families, which have been subjected to similar environmental pressures over comparable time scales. We applied an individual-based, multivariate, model averaging approach to quantify IBE and IBC, while controlling for isolation by distance (IBD). Our analyses demonstrated that all species experienced some degree of ecologically driven isolation, whereas only 12 of 19 species were subjected to IBD. The prevalence of IBE within these plant species indicates that divergent selection in plants frequently produces local adaptation and supports hypotheses that ecological divergence can drive speciation in sympatry.

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Genetic diversity, phenotypic variation and local adaptation in the alpine landscape: case studies with alpine plant species

Botanica Helvetica ◽

10.1007/s00035-009-0065-1 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 119 (2) ◽

pp. 125-133 ◽

Cited By ~ 68

Author(s):

Jürg Stöcklin ◽

Patrick Kuss ◽

Andrea R. Pluess

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Case Studies ◽

Local Adaptation ◽

Plant Species ◽

Phenotypic Variation ◽

Alpine Plant ◽

Alpine Landscape

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Distribution and Communities of Crypsis Aculeata and Heleochloa Schoenoides in Slovakia

Hacquetia ◽

10.2478/v10028-008-0001-8 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 5-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pavol Eliáš ◽

Daniel Dítě ◽

Vít Grulich ◽

Marek Sádovský

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Field Data ◽

Field Margins ◽

Rural Roads ◽

Saline Habitats ◽

Annual Grasses ◽

Secondary Habitats ◽

Ruderal Plant

Distribution and Communities ofCrypsis AculeataandHeleochloa Schoenoidesin SlovakiaThe distribution and communities of two annual grassesCrypsis aculeataandHeleochloa schoenoideswere studied in Slovakia during 2003-2007. Herbarium and field data were used to reconstruct the occurrence of both taxa. A strong decline inC. aculeatalocalities was observed. This was mainly due to the destruction of periodically flooded saline habitats. By contrast, the occurrence ofH. schenoideswas changed only slightly. This species survives in secondary habitats (rural roads, field margins, field depressions). Point maps of historical and recent distribution are presented. Halophile vegetation ofCrypsis aculeataandHeleochloa schoenoideshas been sampled with the adapted Braun-Blanquet method. All collected relevés have been classified using the JUICE software. The results showed that theCrypsidetum aculeateWenzl 1934 community is missing now in Slovakia, butHeleochloetum schoenoidis(Soó 1933) Topa 1939 was still recorded at a few sites. However, the community contained many ruderal plant species.

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First record of Solidago × Snarskisii (Asteraceae) in Poland

Botanica ◽

10.2478/botlit-2018-0020 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 211-213

Author(s):

Artur Pliszko

Keyword(s):

Alien Species ◽

Plant Species ◽

Parental Species ◽

First Record ◽

Fallow Land ◽

Natural Hybrid ◽

The North ◽

Ne Poland ◽

The Town ◽

Ruderal Plant

Abstract Pliszko A., 2018: First record of Solidago ×snarskisii (Asteraceae) in Poland. - Botanica, 24(2): 211-213. The paper deals with Solidago ×snarskisii, a natural hybrid between the North American S. gigantea and the European S. virgaurea, as a new casual alien species to the flora of Poland. It was found in August 2018 in the town of Suwałki, NE Poland, growing on a fallow land among its parental species. The population of the hybrid consisted of one cluster of shoots, including four generative and three vegetative shoots, and it was associated with meadow, grassland, and ruderal plant species. The locality of S. ×snarskisii in Poland was mapped using the ATPOL cartogram method.

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