Role of Serodiagnostic Tests and Skin Tests in the Diagnosis of Fungal Disease

1987 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-146
Author(s):  
Scott F. Davies ◽  
George A. Sarosi
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Disease ◽  
Skin Tests

The role of abiotic variables in an emerging global amphibian fungal disease in mountains

2021 ◽  
pp. 152735
Author(s):  
Marilen Haver ◽  
Gaël Le Roux ◽  
Jan Friesen ◽  
Adeline Loyau ◽  
Vance T. Vredenburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Disease ◽  
Abiotic Variables

Further observations on the relationship and distribution of Schistosoma margrebowiei and S. leiperi in central southern Africa

1977 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Pitchford ◽  
B. Wolstenholme
Keyword(s):  
Southern Africa ◽  
National Park ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
African Buffalo ◽  
Papio Ursinus ◽  
The Past ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTA further survey in East Caprivi, Chobe National Park, Okavango swamps and Kavango was undertaken in June 1976. No evidence of lechwe schistosomes was found in droppings of African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) nor baboons (Papio ursinus) living in lechwe habitats. It was thought that they were not capable of spreading or maintaining these parasites outside the confines of the known distribution of Kobus sp. The role of goats was equivocal but probably they too are poor hosts.Kavango, an endemic area of S. haematobium and S. mansoni, was thought to be free of all animal schistosomes, thus confirming the hypotheses that (1) cattle and goats are poor hosts of the lechwe schistosomes and (2)S. mattheei was blocked from entering the territory by the presence of lechwe schistosomes in the surrounding areas. Evidence of schistosomes was not found in cattle and goats at Maun for the same reasons. The prevalence of S. mansoni at Maun has increased alarmingly over the past 20 years with a simultaneous disappearance of lechwe from the area. S. margrebowiei and S. leiperi eggs were found in lechwe and tsessebe droppings some 80 km north of Maun.A high proportion of children with negative excreta from “non-endemic” areas in East Caprivi had positive CFT and/or skin tests, suggestive of exposure to lechwe schistosomes resulting in a possible immunity to S. mansoni and S. haematobium.

scholarly journals The role of Staphylococcus aureus in the course of polyposis sinusitis

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
A. B. Turovski ◽  
G. P. Bondareva ◽  
K. M. Musaev
Keyword(s):  
Specific Ige ◽  
Staphylococcal Infection ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Topical Steroids ◽  
Nasal Colonization ◽  
Bacteriological Examination ◽  
Initial Visit ◽  
Eosinophilic Inflammation ◽  
Cytological Examination

Introduction. Today, there are lot of theories of pathogenesis of polypoid sinusitis. The contribution of Starchylocossus aureus (S. aureus) to the occurrence of this pathogenetic reaction is being actively discussed.Objective: to improve the effectiveness of treatment of polypoid sinusitis using the results of the study of the effect of persistent staphylococcal infection on the onset and course of the disease.Materials and methods. The authors examined 105 patients with recurrent polyposis sinusitis aged 20 to 65 years. All patients underwent FESS surgery for recurrent polypous sinusitis at the initial visit. In the postoperative period, all patients received treatment according to one of two schemes. The first scheme included antihistamines and topical steroids, the second additionally included clarithromycin. The patients underwent bacteriological examination of smears for flora and fungi from the cavity; cytological examination of smears-prints from the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity (we counted neutrophils, eosinophils and lymphocytes in the preparation); immunological and allergic examination (skin tests, serum specific IgE levels).Results and discussion. It has been established that the presence of a carriage and sensitization to S. aureus in a patient, especially in combination with atopy, results in a more severe course of polyposis sinusitis severe nasal obstruction (91% versus 69.5%, respectively) and is characterized by more pronounced eosinophilic inflammation than Polypoid Sinusitis associated with infection with other microorganisms (the number of eosinophils in the blood: 7.5% and 4.3%, respectively; the level of eosinophils in smears from the nasal mucosa is 13 and 4.8%, respectively; the average ECP level is 17.6 and 8.1 ug / ml, respectively).Conclusions. The use of topical GCS remains one of the leading methods for preventing recurrence of PS. However, in addition to the backbone therapy with topical GCS and antihistamines, it is advisable to complete a course of antibiotics during nasal colonization with S. aureus.

The Role Of Skin Tests In The Prevention Of Hypersensitivity Reactions To Oxaliplatin

2009 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. S238-S238
Author(s):  
M. Pagani ◽  
P. Bonadonna ◽  
G. Senna ◽  
A. Antico
Keyword(s):  
Skin Tests ◽  
Hypersensitivity Reactions

The Role of Human IL-17 Immunity in Fungal Disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Maródi ◽  
Sophie Cypowyj ◽  
Jean-Laurent Casanova ◽  
Anne Puel
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Disease

scholarly journals The Role of Benzylpenicilloyl Epimers in Specific IgE Recognition

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristobalina Mayorga ◽  
Maria I. Montañez ◽  
Francisco Najera ◽  
Gador Bogas ◽  
Tahía D. Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Test ◽  
Chemical Stability ◽  
Provocation Test ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Amide Bond ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Positive Skin

The high prevalence of allergy to β-lactam antibiotics is a worldwide issue. Accuracy of diagnostic methods is important to prove tolerance or allergy, with skin test considered the best validated in vivo method for diagnosing immediate reactions to β-lactams. Although drug provocation test is the reference standard, it cannot be performed in highly risk reactions or in those with positive skin tests. For skin tests, the inclusion of major and minor determinants of benzylpenicillin (BP) is recommended. Commercial skin test reagents have changed along time, including as minor determinants benzylpenicillin, benzylpenicilloate (BPO), and benzylpenilloate (PO). Major determinants consists of multivalent conjugates of benzylpenicilloyl coupled through amide bond to a carrier polymer, such as penicilloyl-polylysine (PPL) or benzylpenicilloyl-octalysine (BP-OL). The chemical stability of such reagents has influenced the evolution of the composition of the commercial kits, as this requirement is necessary for improving the quality and standardization of the product. In this work, we provide a detailed study of the chemical stability of BP determinants. We observed that those structures suffer from an epimerization process in C-5 at different rates. Butylamine-Benzylpenicilloyl conjugates (5R,6R)-Bu-BPO and (5S,6R)-Bu-BPO were selected as a simple model for mayor determinant to evaluate the role of the different epimers in the immunoreactivity with sera from penicillin-allergic patients. In vitro immunoassays indicate that any change in the chemical structure of the antigenic determinant of BP significantly affects IgE recognition. The inclusion of stereochemically pure compounds or mixtures may have important implications for both the reproducibility and sensitivity of in vivo and in vitro diagnostic tests.

Comparative Assessment of Platinum Salts and Taxane Group Hypersensitivity Reactions, The Role of Skin Tests in Diagnosis?

2021 ◽  
pp. 107815522110500
Author(s):  
Kadriye Terzioğlu ◽  
Murat Ayhan
Keyword(s):  
Skin Test ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Hypersensitivity Reactions ◽  
Positive Skin ◽  
Suspect Drug ◽  
Platinum Salts ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Pain Symptoms ◽  
Very High

Purpose We aimed to investigate the role of skin tests (ST) in the diagnosis of hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) with platinum salts (PS) and taxane (TX) groups drugs and their reliability in patient management. Materials and Method Patients' data who developed immediate HSR with PS and TX were recorded and ST was performed. The gradual challenge was applied to all patients with ST negative and grade 1–2 with the suspect drug. Results In total, the data of 104 patients (74 with PS, 30 with TX) who developed HSR against PS and TX were shared. The gradual challenge was applied to 72 ST negative and grade 1–2 patients (46 PS group, 26 TX group). The gradual challenge was negative in 39 patients in the PS group and 23 patients in the Tx group. The negative predictive value (NPV) for PS was 83% and NPV for TX was 88%. We found significantly higher skin test positivity in patients with PS and TX and grade 3 HSR ( p = 0.007, p = 0.001). A significant correlation was found between skin test positivity and early onset of symptoms ( p = 0.001 for PS, p = 0.015 for TX). In terms of symptoms witnessed in HSR, we observed the itching, urticaria, hypotension, syncope, and abdominal pain symptoms significantly more in the group with a positive skin test ( p < 0.024, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.002, and p < 0.025, respectively). Conclusions We found very high NPV values for PS and TX. We found that the gradual challenge applied to patients with negative skin tests is reliable if Grade 3 HSR is not observed and with this approach, unnecessary desensitization processes and/or drug alterations can be avoided.

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