Increased maternal plasma levels of soluble adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin) in preeclampsia

Impaired polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) functions during sickle cell anemia (SCA) may have a pathogenic role in the onset of vasoocclusive events. We used flow cytometry to study, in whole blood, the adhesion molecule expression and respiratory burst of PMNs from children with SCA. Three different clinical groups were studied: (1) patients with no history of vasoocclusive events (n = 15); (2) patients with a history of vasoocclusive events (n = 17); and (3) patients receiving hydroxyurea therapy for severe vasoocclusive events (n = 9). Unstimulated PMNs showed decreased L selectin expression and increased H2O2 production whatever the severity of the disease, reflecting PMN activation. This could contribute to endothelial activation reflected by abnormal plasma levels of soluble adhesion molecules (soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, sE selectin, and sL selectin). After stimulation with bacterial N-formyl peptides (N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine [fMLP]), PMNs from untreated patients with a history of vasoocclusive events showed dysregulated L selectin shedding and increased H2O2 production. Furthermore, in these patients, tumor necrosis factor priming followed by fMLP stimulation induced an H2O2 production significantly higher than in the other patient groups and controls. These impairments could immobilize PMNs on the endothelium, thereby inducing reduced blood flow and fostering microvascular occlusion and vascular damage. In contrast, children treated with hydroxyurea showed near-normal basal and poststimulation H2O2 production as well as normal L selectin shedding after stimulation but no change in plasma levels of soluble adhesion molecules. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing major qualitative changes of PMN abnormalities upon hydroxyurea treatment in SCA patients. This strongly suggests that PMNs are a primary target of this drug.

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Do Plasma Levels of Circulating Soluble Adhesion Molecules Differ Between Surviving and Nonsurviving Critically III Patients?

CHEST Journal ◽

10.1378/chest.107.3.787 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 107 (3) ◽

pp. 787-792 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Joachim Boldt ◽

Matthias Wollbrück ◽

Detleft Kuhn ◽

L. Christoph Linke ◽

Gunter Hempelmann

Keyword(s):

Adhesion Molecules ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

Soluble Adhesion Molecules

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Soluble Adhesion Molecules in Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery

Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals ◽

10.1177/021849230301100303 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 198-202 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Minxin Wei ◽

Jari Laurikka ◽

Pekka Kuukasjärvi ◽

Erkki Pehkonen ◽

Matti Tarkka

Keyword(s):

Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Adhesion Molecules ◽

Coronary Artery Bypass ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery ◽

Bypass Surgery ◽

Artery Bypass ◽

Soluble Adhesion Molecules ◽

Creatine Kinase Mb

Plasma levels of sE-selectin, sP-selectin, and sICAM-1 were measured before anesthesia and at 0.5, 4, and 20 hours after cardiopulmonary bypass in 37 men undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. Plasma sE-selectin remained close to the preoperative levels. The levels of sP-selectin increased significantly from 46.5 ± 15.3 ng·mL−1 to 69.3 ± 39.6 ng·mL−1 at 0.5 hours, 84.1 ± 45.5 ng·mL−1 at 4 hours, and 79.6 ± 35.5 ng·mL−1 at 20 hours. Plasma sICAM-1 levels decreased 0.5 hours after cardiopulmonary bypass, recovered at 4 hours, and showed a significant increase at 20 hours. The changes in plasma levels of adhesion molecules did not correlate with the duration of bypass or aortic crossclamping, hemodynamics, or creatine kinase-MB levels. However, sE-selectin and sICAM-1 levels increased considerably more in patients who needed norepinephrine in the intensive care unit. These results indicate that the transient changes in plasma levels of soluble adhesion molecules are not associated with postoperative myocardial injury in low-risk coronary grafting, although they correlate with the need for a vasopressor.

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