The provision of environmental goods and services by local non-governmental organizations: An illustration from the Squamish Forest District, Canada

1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen G. Reed
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Goods ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Forest District ◽  
Environmental Goods And Services

scholarly journals Alternative Urban Eco Tours for Responsible Consumption and Sustainability – the Example of Bulgaria

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 416
Author(s):  
Hristina Bancheva-Preslavska ◽  
Jochen Dallmer
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Communication ◽  
Ecological Resilience ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Responsible Consumption ◽  
Environment Agency

The European Environment Agency warns that Europe consumes too many resources and causes environmental degradation all over the world. This leads to growing demands on natural systems for food, water and energy. To achieve sustainability and ecological resilience it is necessary to complement technology-focused measures with approaches addressing consumption behaviors, changing lifestyles, enhancing knowledge and education. There are environmental communication approaches stimulating responsible consumption and ecofriendly behaviors, conducted by science and educational institutions, non-governmental organizations and others. Among them, originating from Germany, are the alternative city tours, spread also in other western countries. The aim of this case study is to design and verify urban eco tours for an eastern country - Bulgaria in order to increase young people's sensitivity to sustainability through responsible consumption and to encourage them for ecofriendly alternatives of everyday goods and services. An approach for their implementation in Bulgaria is developed and proved through qualitative and quantitative analysis, involving two different groups of youth – multipliers leading the tours and teenagers taking part. The case study presents urban eco tours as an environmental protection tool, using information about environmental impact of consumption, combined with motivational activities, to change attitudes and encourage young people for ecofriendly lifestyles.  Keywords: environmental communication, education for sustainable development, eco tour, consumption, ecology

scholarly journals Is there a need to audit CVM applications to the environment?

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-489
Author(s):  
S Hosking
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
External Audit ◽  
Environmental Goods ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Environmental Goods And Services

It is well known to economists that the contingent valuation method (CVM) fills an important gap in valuation technology with respect to managing public environmental goods and services.   Currently acceptable CVM practice requires many challenging steps to be followed.  One of these important steps is that of assessing the theoretical validity of the household willingness to pay (WTP) finding, but it is far from being a sufficient basis for reaching conclusions as to the credibility predicted community willingness to pay for environmental services.  This paper reviews the step of testing for theoretical validity and challenges its importance relative to other more fundamental assessments of the credibility of the predicted household and societal WTP.  This paper then deduces that an external ‘audit’ assessment may be necessary, in addition to an internal one, for these values to attain credibility in the determination of public choices.

scholarly journals The taxation of privately owned forest land in Canada: A review of the taxation systems in all ten provinces

2017 ◽  
Vol 93 (02) ◽  
pp. 104-112
Author(s):  
Tony Rotherham
Keyword(s):  
Rural Economy ◽  
Property Tax ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Environmental Goods ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Tax Systems ◽  
Environmental Goods And Services

Canada has 400 million ha of forest land. Only 25 million ha (5%) is in private ownership. This private forest land is generally divided in two categories: 450 000 private woodlots covering about 15 million ha in the settled regions of Canada and about 5 million ha in larger blocks owned by pension funds, investors, and forest products companies. The private woodlots are subject to municipal or provincial property taxes. The provinces use several approaches to determine the level of tax to be paid. In some cases, the tax system is used to provide an incentive to manage the land. The property tax system offers a policy tool to encourage active management of the land and help ensure a healthy, diverse, and productive forest that contributes forest-related ecological goods and services to the community as well as timber to the local economy. It is in the long-term interests of rural communities that land remains in production and that forested land is managed to maintain the forest in a healthy condition and produce both forest-related environmental goods and services and timber to support the rural economy. A well-designed property tax structure based on incentives that is accepted as fair and is supported by taxpayers can help to achieve these objectives. The survey of provincial property tax systems shows several approaches to the application of property tax systems on forest lands. Property tax systems applied to forest land that are based on incentives to actively manage the land and are coupled with financial assistance for tree planting on idle land offer simple and practical ways to keep rural land in production. This is particularly true of marginal/sub-marginal land that has been cleared but is no longer used for agricultural production. Incentives help to ensure that forested land is managed to maintain the forest in a healthy condition and produce forest-related environmental goods and services (EG&S) as well as timber to support the rural economy.

The Oxford Handbook of Governance and Limited Statehood

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Law And Economics ◽  
Global South ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Normative Theory ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Academic Scholarship ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
International Legal Order

Unpacking the major debates, leading authors of the field provide a state-of-the-art guide to governance in areas of limited statehood (ALS) where state authorities lack the capacity to implement and enforce central decision and/or to uphold the monopoly over the means of violence. While ALS can be found everywhere—not just in the global South—they are neither ungoverned nor ungovernable. Rather, a variety of actors maintain public order and safety, as well as provide public goods and services. While external state ‘governors’ and their interventions in the global South have received special scholarly attention, various non-state actors—from non-governmental organizations to business to violent armed groups—have emerged that also engage in governance. This evidence holds for diverse policy fields and historical cases. The handbook gives a comprehensive picture of the varieties of governance in ALS from interdisciplinary perspectives including political science, geography, history, law, and economics. Twenty-nine chapters review the academic scholarship and explore the conditions of effective and legitimate governance in ALS, as well as its implications for world politics in the twenty-first century. The authors examine theoretical and methodological approaches, as well as the historical and spatial dimensions of ALS. The chapters deal with the various governors as well as their modes of governance. They cover a variety of issue areas and explore the implications for the international legal order, for normative theory, and for policies toward ALS.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document