Paths toward autonomy: The living conditions of fostered children in western France in the early 20th century

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-421
Author(s):  
Ivan Jablonka
Author(s):  
Ge Song

In the early 20th century, Chinese communities in the then-Malay and Singapore began to take shape. The sudden shift of living conditions, especially the sociopolitical atmosphere, uprooted these migrated Chinese who had to adapt to new cultural realities of their host lands. This article argues for the cultural dimensions of Chinese overseas, particularly those in Malaysia and Singapore, as an object of translation studies, since these Chinese overseas have already shown a uniquely evolved culture that is different from that in China. Linguistic displacement in the same language is a reflection of cultural discrepancy resulted from cultural evolution, and cultural divergence innately calls for the intervention of cultural translation. This paper is expected to garner fruitful insights into the cultural translation between two geographically and culturally different Chinese communities.


2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
Yelena M. Petrovicheva ◽  
Diana A. Bolshakova

This article discusses one of the key types of land insurance – fire insurance of buildings and movable property in the territory of Vladimir and Ryazan provinces. The authors trace the formation of Zemstvo insurance in the provinces, describe the main directions of Zemstvo fire insurance, insurance standards. The role of Zemstvos in ensuring fire safety of settlements is revealed. The article concludes that since 1867, in the territory of Ryazan and Vladimir provinces, the rural population's interest in insurance protection increased sufficiently, and in the early 20th century, Zemstvo fire insurance reached its peak, and the activities of Zemstvos in the field of insurance in Vladimir and Ryazan provinces became a factor of not only economic, but also cultural growth, contributing to the prevention of fires, improvement and bettering of living conditions of the population.


Author(s):  
Aleksey A. Soloviev

On the history of the first public libraries in the province towns of Vladimirskaya and Kostromskaya provinces in the second half of the 17th century - early 20th century. The author considers main statistical data of libraries and analyses necessity and influence of these libraries and reading rooms on the native population.


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