This article discusses one of the key types of land insurance – fire insurance of buildings and movable property in the territory of Vladimir and Ryazan provinces. The authors trace the formation of Zemstvo insurance in the provinces, describe the main directions of Zemstvo fire insurance, insurance standards. The role of Zemstvos in ensuring fire safety of settlements is revealed. The article concludes that since 1867, in the territory of Ryazan and Vladimir provinces, the rural population's interest in insurance protection increased sufficiently, and in the early 20th century, Zemstvo fire insurance reached its peak, and the activities of Zemstvos in the field of insurance in Vladimir and Ryazan provinces became a factor of not only economic, but also cultural growth, contributing to the prevention of fires, improvement and bettering of living conditions of the population.