Psychosocial Yellow Flags for acute low back pain: ‘Yellow Flags'; as an analogue to ‘Red Flags';

1998 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A.S. Kendall ◽  
S.J. Linton ◽  
C. Main
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Red Flags ◽  
Acute Low Back Pain ◽  
Yellow Flags

scholarly journals Clinical evaluation and red flags of acute low back pain in primary care

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwah Y. Abdullah ◽  
Reem A. Bana ◽  
Seham O. Aldogil ◽  
Mutlaq A. Alsolami ◽  
Reem A. Alshihri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Red Flags ◽  
Acute Low Back Pain ◽  
Primary Care Settings

Back pain has been reported as a common cause for various patients to present in an emergency or primary care settings. Besides, the management of back pain has been associated with a huge economic burden and remarkably impacts the quality of life of the affected patients. The diagnosis of acute low-back pain can be adequately achieved by conducting proper clinical evaluation and knowing the characteristics of each condition. The present review discusses the clinical evaluation and red flags for diagnosing patients presenting with acute low-back pain. An adequate examination of patients is conducted by obtaining a thorough history and successful physical examination. It should be noted that obtaining an adequate history might not be enough in some cases, and physical examination might not show any diagnostic clues. However, we also reported various red flags for detecting serious conditions, including malignancy, infections, inflammation, and others. These might help establish a further assessment of these patients, including imaging and laboratory studies. Therefore, these cases should be managed as early as possible to enhance the prognosis and intervene against any potential complications. 

Rückenschmerzen: Wann muss man einweisen?

2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (10) ◽  
pp. 665-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Bleckwenn ◽  
Elisabeth Märker-Hermann
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Clinical Impression ◽  
Outpatient Basis ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Red Flags ◽  
Acute Low Back Pain ◽  
Disease Outcomes ◽  
Acute Back Pain ◽  
High Treatment

AbstractIn the case of acute back pain, the indication for inpatient diagnosis and therapy is rarely given. The indication is provided if a potentially dangerous disease situation is suspected and if the pain is immobilizing or cannot be controlled on an outpatient basis. The high treatment numbers in German hospitals indicate that there is overuse in the treatment of back pain. Back pain, especially acute low back pain, is a frequent consultative activity of general practitioners. Serious diseases of the spine occur in only about 1 % of cases in GP practices. Identifying potentially dangerous disease outcomes requires a detailed history and thorough physical examination of the unclothed patient. “Red flags”, together with the overall clinical impression of the patient, provide decisive warnings for urgently needed back pain. Common non-specific low back pain can be treated on an outpatient basis by prescribing painkillers and instructions for exercise by GPs.

scholarly journals Back pain

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
N. V. Pizova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Red Flags ◽  
Yellow Flags

Low back pain is a major cause of disability worldwide. Data on the prevalence of low back pain are presented. Information on the pathogenesis of pain is given. The temporal characteristics of pain are presented. Risk factors and triggers for episodes of low back pain are reviewed. The most common causes of specific and non-specific low back pain are described. Non-specific low back pain is more common, as no specific pathological-anatomical cause can be identified. Specific pain includes nociceptive and neuropathic pain. In order to make a correct diagnosis in a patient with low back pain, a thorough medical history must be taken, which usually provides important information in identifying the cause of the pain syndrome. The warning signs (‘red flags’) for specific causes of low back pain requiring urgent treatment and specific psychosocial factors contributing to chronic pain (‘yellow flags’) are considered separately. ‘Red flags’ include conditions such as suspected traumatic injury, tumour, infection or radiculopathy and cauda equina syndrome. «Yellow flags» include individual cognitive, emotional and behavioural factors that contribute to the development of chronic pain. The main aim of pharmacotherapy for low back pain is to enable patients to continue or resume their normal daily activities. The main recommended approaches in the treatment of acute and chronic low back pain are presented. The main non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the oral drug treatment of non-specific low back pain are described, with evidence-based doses. Special attention is given to the role of diclofenac in the treatment of pain. The authors present the results of systematic reviews that analyse the available data on the efficacy and safety of topical transdermal dosage forms that contain NSAIDs.

Back pain and regional disorders

2020 ◽  
pp. 4406-4414
Author(s):  
Carlo Ammendolia ◽  
Danielle Southerst
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Red Flags ◽  
Acute Low Back Pain ◽  
Heavy Physical Work ◽  
Serious Disease

Over 70% of people in industrialized countries suffer from low back pain at some time, and it is one of the main reasons for visits to physicians. Risk factors include heavy physical work, smoking, stress, depression, and job dissatisfaction. In more than 90% of cases the exact anatomical source of back pain cannot be determined, and the preferred diagnostic label is ‘non-specific low back pain’. Investigation should be restricted to patients with red flags and clinical suspicion of serious disease, with magnetic resonance imaging the best imaging modality for the diagnosis of lumbar disorders. In the absence of red flags, patients with acute low back pain should receive non pharmacological care as first treatment option including reassurance, advise to remain active, massage and spinal manipulation followed by non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and muscle relaxants if necessary.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document