scholarly journals The role of pneumococcal and haemophilus type B vaccination in the prevention of acute otitis media

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 3S59-3S61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Reinert
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Type B

Letter To The Editor

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 647-647
Author(s):  
Jerome O. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Review ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Type A ◽  
Type B ◽  
Hemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Hemophilus Influenzae Type B

Dr. Strauss has concisely summarized present considerations of the role of encapsulated and nonencapsulated Hemophilus influenzae in infection and disease. A recent clinical review by Turk and May1 documents the predominance of Hemophilus influenzae type B in suppurative disease. In a survey of reports of cases of meningitis due to this agent, the authors found only 24 cases due to Hemophilus influenzae other than type B(type A = 6, type E = 1, type F = 3, and non-typable 14). The role of nonencapsulated Hemophilus influenzae strains in the pathogenesis of respiratory infections and otitis media is still unclear. The majority of H. influenzae strains isolated from the middle ear fluids of children with acute otitis media are nonencapsulated.2,3

scholarly journals Adenoidectomy for middle ear disease in cleft palate children: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Rosso ◽  
Antonio Mario Bulfamante ◽  
Carlotta Pipolo ◽  
Emanuela Fuccillo ◽  
Alberto Maccari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Velopharyngeal Insufficiency ◽  
Middle Ear Disease ◽  
Conductive Hearing

Abstract Purpose Cleft palate children have a higher incidence of otitis media with effusion, more frequent recurrent acute otitis media episodes, and worse conductive hearing losses than non-cleft children. Nevertheless, data on adenoidectomy for middle ear disease in this patient group are scarce, since many feared worsening of velopharyngeal insufficiency after the procedure. This review aims at collecting the available evidence on this subject, to frame possible further areas of research and interventions. Methods A PRISMA-compliant systematic review was performed. Multiple databases were searched with criteria designed to include all studies focusing on the role of adenoidectomy in treating middle ear disease in cleft palate children. After duplicate removal, abstract and full-text selection, and quality assessment, we reviewed eligible articles for clinical indications and outcomes. Results Among 321 unique citations, 3 studies published between 1964 and 1972 (2 case series and a retrospective cohort study) were deemed eligible, with 136 treated patients. The outcomes were positive in all three articles in terms of conductive hearing loss improvement, recurrent otitis media episodes reduction, and effusive otitis media resolution. Conclusion Despite promising results, research on adenoidectomy in treating middle ear disease in the cleft population has stopped in the mid-Seventies. No data are, therefore, available on the role of modern conservative adenoidectomy techniques (endoscopic and/or partial) in this context. Prospective studies are required to define the role of adenoidectomy in cleft children, most interestingly in specific subgroups such as patients requiring re-tympanostomy, given their known risk of otologic sequelae.

Otitis Media in Infancy: Tympanometric Findings

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-442
Author(s):  
Jessie R. Groothuis ◽  
Sarah H. W. Sell ◽  
Peter F. Wright ◽  
Judith M. Thompson ◽  
William A. Altemeier
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Pressure Curve ◽  
Type B ◽  
History Of ◽  
Life Type ◽  
Insight Into

Ninety-one normal infants were followed longitudinally for varying periods from November 1975 to April 1977 to assess the correlation between tympanometry and pneumatic otoscopy and to study the pathogenesis of acute and chronic otitis media early in life. Type A (normal) tympanograms correlated with normal otoscopic findings in 92% of instances. Type B tympanograms, indicating reduced drum compliance with a relatively flat pressure curve, were associated with abnormal otoscopic findings in 93% of cases. The A8 (reduced compliance, normal pressure) and C (normal compliance, negative pressure) tympanograms were less consistent predictors of otoscopic findings. The correlation of tympanometric and otoscopic findings were similar in infants above and below 7 months of age. Tympanometry provided some insight into the natural history of otitis in 71 infants followed 12 to 17 months. Infants who failed to develop otitis had type B curves in only one of 240 determinations (0.4%). This pattern did not appear in those who developed acute otitis media (AOM) until the month preceding the first attack; nine of 29 tests (31%) made under these circumstances were type B. When a type B curve appeared in an asymptomatic study infant who had not previously had otitis, AOM developed within a month in nine of ten instances. At the time of diagnosis of first AOM, 87% of tympanograms were type B with the remainder type A8 or C. Sixty-three percent of tympanograms obtained from 25 infants during the six months following first AOM were type B, indicating that abnormal middle ear function was often prolonged. Fifteen of these 25 developed recurrent otitis during follow-up.

scholarly journals Relationship between Acute Suppurative Otitis Media and Chronic Secretory Otitis Media: Role of Antibiotics

1984 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
pp. 754-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Mills ◽  
Ann Uttley ◽  
Michelle McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Secretory Otitis Media ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
In Vitro Sensitivity ◽  
Resistance To Penicillin

A total of 204 chronic middle ear effusions from 122 children have been studied. Bacteria were isolated from 30 effusions. The commonest species found were Strep. pneumoniae and H. influenzae. These are also the commonest organisms causing acute otitis media (AOM). A similar pattern of serotypes was also demonstrated. In vitro sensitivity testing showed that most of the organisms isolated were sensitive to most commonly-used antibiotics. The main exception was resistance to penicillin amongst strains of H. influenzae and Staph. aureus. It is suggested that some cases of chronic secretory otitis media (SOM) may arise as a result of incomplete resolution of AOM and that the use of penicillin to treat AOM may be one factor in this process.

BET 1. THE ROLE OF TOPICAL ANALGESIA IN ACUTE OTITIS MEDIA

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sattout ◽  
R. Jenner
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Topical Analgesia

Evidence Assessment of Management of Acute Otitis Media: I. The Role of Antibiotics in Treatment of Uncomplicated Acute Otitis Media

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Takata ◽  
L. S. Chan ◽  
P. Shekelle ◽  
S. C. Morton ◽  
W. Mason ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Acute Otitis Media

scholarly journals Moraxella catarrhalis Might Be More Common than Expected in Acute Otitis Media in Young Finnish Children

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 2373-2379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saara Sillanpää ◽  
Sami Oikarinen ◽  
Markku Sipilä ◽  
Lenka Kramna ◽  
Markus Rautiainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Moraxella Catarrhalis ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Bacterial Dna ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conventional Culture

According to studies based on bacterial cultures of middle ear fluids,Streptococcus pneumoniae,Haemophilus influenzae, andMoraxella catarrhalishave been the most common pathogens in acute otitis media. However, bacterial culture can be affected by reduced viability or suboptimal growth of bacteria. PCR detects bacterial DNA from samples with greater sensitivity than culture. In the present study, we analyzed the middle ear pathogens with both conventional culture and semiquantitative real-time PCR in 90 middle ear fluid samples obtained from children aged 5 to 42 months during acute otitis media episodes. Samples were tested for the presence ofS. pneumoniae,H. influenzae,M. catarrhalis,Alloiococcusotitidis,Staphylococcus aureus, andPseudomonas aeruginosa. One or more bacterial pathogens were detected in 42 (47%) samples with culture and in 69 (77%) samples with PCR. According to PCR analysis,M. catarrhalisresults were positive in 42 (47%) samples,H. influenzaein 30 (33%),S. pneumoniaein 27 (30%),A. otitidisin 6 (6.7%),S. aureusin 5 (5.6%), andP. aeruginosain 1 (1.1%). Multibacterial etiology was seen in 34 (38%) samples, andM. catarrhaliswas detected in most (85%) of those cases. Fifteen signals forM. catarrhaliswere strong, suggesting a highly probable etiological role of the pathogen. In conclusion, even thoughM. catarrhalisis often a part of mixed flora in acute otitis media, a considerable proportion of cases may be primarily attributable to this pathogen.

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