Age-Related Alterations in Autonomic Nervous Innervation

2004 ◽  
pp. 233-255
Author(s):  
Denise L. Bellinger ◽  
Kelley S. Madden ◽  
Dianne Lorton
Keyword(s):  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Age Related

Age-Related Alterations in Autonomic Nervous System Innervation of Lymphoid Tissue

2008 ◽  
pp. 61-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Bellinger ◽  
C. L. Lubahn ◽  
A. B. Millar ◽  
J. L. Carter ◽  
S. Vyas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Age Related

Bladder Problems

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Eric Ahlskog
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Neurogenic Bladder ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Bladder Wall ◽  
Bladder Function ◽  
System Control ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Urinary problems occur with normal aging. In women they often relate to the changes in female anatomy due to the delivering of babies. With superimposed age-related changes in soft tissues, laxity may result in incontinence (loss of urinary control), especially with coughing, laughing, or straining. In men the opposite symptom tends to occur: urinary hesitancy (inability to evacuate the bladder). This is due to constriction of the bladder outlet by an enlarging prostate; the prostate normally surrounds the urethra, through which urine passes. DLB and PDD are often associated with additional bladder problems. Recall that the autonomic nervous system regulates bladder function and that this system tends to malfunction in Lewy disorders. Hence, reduced bladder control is frequent among those with DLB, PDD, and Parkinson’s disease. This condition is termed neurogenic bladder, which implies that the autonomic nervous system control of bladder reflexes is not working properly. This may manifest as urgency with incontinence or hesitancy. Neurogenic bladder problems require different strategies than those used for treating the simple age-related problems that develop in mid-life and beyond. Moreover, there are certain caveats to treatment once a neurogenic bladder is recognized. The bladder is simply a reservoir that holds urine. It is located in the lower pelvis and is distant from the kidneys. The kidneys essentially filter the circulating blood and make the urine. The urine flows down from the kidneys into the bladder, as shown in Figure 14.1. Normally, as the bladder slowly fills with urine, a reflex is triggered when it is nearly full. This results in conscious awareness of the need to urinate, plus it primes the reflexive tendency of the bladder to contract in order to expel the urinary contents. The bladder is able to contract because of muscles in the bladder walls. Normally, nerves activate these muscles at the appropriate time, which forcefully squeeze the bladder, expelling the urine. Nerve sensors in the bladder wall are activated by bladder filling and transmit this information to the central nervous system, ramping up bladder wall muscle activity.

scholarly journals Changes in Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability During Surgical Stages to Completed Fontan Circulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Alenius Dahlqvist ◽  
Urban Wiklund ◽  
Marcus Karlsson ◽  
Katarina Hanséus ◽  
Eva Strömvall Larsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Heart Defects ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Univentricular Heart ◽  
Total Cavopulmonary Connection ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Cavopulmonary Connection

AbstractArrhythmia is related to heart rate variability (HRV), which reflects the autonomic nervous regulation of the heart. We hypothesized that autonomic nervous ganglia, located at the junction of the superior vena cava’s entrance to the heart, may be affected during the bidirectional Glenn procedure (BDG), resulting in reduced HRV. We aimed to investigate changes in heart rate and HRV in a cohort of children with univentricular heart defects, undergoing stepwise surgery towards total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC), and compare these results with healthy controls. Twenty four hours Holter-ECG recordings were obtained before BDG (n = 47), after BDG (n = 47), and after total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) (n = 45) in patients and in 38 healthy controls. HRV was analyzed by spectral and Poincaré methods. Age-related z scores were calculated and compared using linear mixed effects modeling. Total HRV was significantly lower in patients before BDG when compared to healthy controls. The mean heart rate was significantly reduced in patients after BDG compared to before BDG. Compared to healthy controls, patients operated with BDG had significantly reduced heart rate and reduced total HRV. Patients with TCPC showed reduced heart rate and HRV compared with healthy controls. In patients after TCPC, total HRV was decreased compared to before TCPC. Heart rate was reduced after BDG procedure, and further reductions of HRV were seen post-TCPC. Our results indicate that autonomic regulation of cardiac rhythm is affected both after BDG and again after TCPC. This may be reflected as, and contribute to, postoperative arrhythmic events.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Age-Related Changes in Cardiac Autonomic Nervous Function

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailaja Moodithaya ◽  
Sandhya T. Avadhany
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Nervous Activity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Frequency Domain Analysis ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

Ageing is associated with changes in cardiac autonomic control as measured by Heart Rate Variability (HRV). Not many studies have explored the influence of gender on age-related changes in cardiac autonomic regulation. This study evaluated the gender differences in age-associated changes in cardiac autonomic nervous activity by assessing HRV using frequency domain analysis of short-term stationary R-R intervals. HRV was studied in healthy males and females ranging in age from 6 to 55 years. Total power and absolute power in High-Frequency (HF) and Low-Frequency (LF) components as well as HF in normalized unit declined significantly with ageing. The HF/LF ratio was significantly higher in the adolescent and adult females compared to male of these age groups. This study suggests that gender differences exist in age-related changes in HRV. The finding that gender differences are limited to adolescent and adult age groups may indicate a role for female sex hormones in cardiac autonomic modulation.

scholarly journals Analysis of Heart Rate Variability in Response to Serious Games in Elderly People

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 6549
Author(s):  
Chun-Ju Hou ◽  
Yen-Ting Chen ◽  
Mycel Capilayan ◽  
Yu-Sian Lin ◽  
Min-Wei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Serious Games ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Cognitive Aptitude ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference

As the proportion of elderly people continues to grow, so does the concern about age-related cognitive decline. Serious games have been developed for cognitive training or treatment, but measuring the activity of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) has not been taken to account. However, cognitive functioning has been known to be heavily influenced by the autonomic nervous system (ANS), and ANS activity can be quantified using heart rate variability (HRV). This paper aims to analyze the physiological response in normal elderly people as they play two types of serious games using HRV features from electrocardiography (ECG). A wearable device designed in-house was used to measure ECG, and the data from this device was pre-processed using digital signal processing techniques. Ten HRV features were extracted, including time-domain, nonlinear, and frequency-domain features. The experiment proceeds as follows: rest for three minutes, play a cognitive aptitude game, rest for another three minutes, followed by two reaction time games. Data from thirty older adults (age: 65.9 ± 7.34; male: 15, female: 15) were analyzed. The statistical results show that there was a significant difference in the HRV between the two types of games. From this, it can be concluded that the type of game has a significant effect on the ANS response. This can be further used in designing games for the elderly, either for training or mood management.

Age-related differences of QT interval and autonomic nervous system activity in female cynomolgus monkeys

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomomichi Ishizaka ◽  
Yu Yoshimatsu ◽  
Minori Ozawa ◽  
Tomofumi Kimotsuki ◽  
Wataru Takasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Qt Interval ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System Activity ◽  
Cynomolgus Monkeys ◽  
System Activity ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Nervous System Activity ◽  
Age Related
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