Seminars in Addiction Psychiatry

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Brief Interventions ◽  
Mutual Aid ◽  
Specialist Care ◽  
Addiction Psychiatry ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Use ◽  
Problematic Use ◽  
Drug Use Disorders ◽  
Drug And Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

This extensively revised new edition provides a practical guide to understanding, assessing and managing physical, psychological and social complications related to drug and alcohol use. It presents a clear review of the aetiology, epidemiology, prevention and treatment of the problematic use of and dependence on alcohol, illicit and prescribed drugs. In doing so it strikes a balance between theory, recent research and practical clinical guidance. New chapters focus on novel psychiatric substances, smoking cessation interventions, mutual aid groups and family interventions. Written by leading specialists in the field and closely following the MRCPsych curriculum, this book is an ideal resource for trainees preparing for their RCPsych membership examinations, but is also relevant to psychiatrists at all career levels. It will also appeal to other healthcare professionals, all of whom should be able to screen for alcohol and drug use disorders, deliver brief interventions, and signpost those with more severe disorders to specialist care.

scholarly journals Screening, brief interventions, referral to treatment (SBIRT) for illicit drug and alcohol use at multiple healthcare sites: Comparison at intake and 6 months later

2009 ◽  
Vol 99 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 280-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertha K. Madras ◽  
Wilson M. Compton ◽  
Deepa Avula ◽  
Tom Stegbauer ◽  
Jack B. Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Brief Interventions ◽  
Drug And Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

Drug and alcohol use and treatment for Australian Indigenous and non-Indigenous prisoners: demand reduction strategies

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Dolan ◽  
Ana Rodas ◽  
Adam Bode
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Opioid Substitution Treatment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Use ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Drug And Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to compare the use of drugs and alcohol by Indigenous and non-Indigenous prisoners and examine relevant treatment in Australian prisons. Design/methodology/approach – Prison authorities were surveyed about alcohol and drug use by prisoners prior to and during imprisonment and drug and alcohol treatment programs in prison. The literature was review for information on alcohol and drug use and treatment in Australian prisons. Findings – In 2009, over 80 percent of Indigenous and non-Indigenous inmates smoked. Prior to imprisonment, many Indigenous and non-Indigenous inmates drank alcohol at risky levels (65 vs 47 percent) and used illicit drugs (over 70 percent for both groups). Reports of using heroin (15 vs 21 percent), ATS (21 vs 33 percent), cannabis (59 vs 50 percent) and injecting (61 vs 53 percent) were similarly high for both groups. Prison-based programs included detoxification, Opioid Substitution Treatment, counselling and drug free units, but access was limited especially among Indigenous prisoners. Research limitations/implications – Drug and alcohol use was a significant issue in Australian prisons. Prisoners were over five times more likely than the general population to have a substance use disorder. Imprisonment provides an important opportunity for rehabilitation for offenders. This opportunity is especially relevant to Indigenous prisoners who were more likely to use health services when in prison than in the community and given their vast over representations in prison populations. Practical implications – Given the effectiveness of treatment in reducing re-offending rates, it is important to expand drug treatment and especially culturally appropriate treatment programs for Indigenous inmates. Originality/value – Very little is known about Indigenous specific drug and alcohol programs in Australian prisons.

scholarly journals Rediscovering empowerment with breastfeeding in an urban First Nation’s population

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Schroeder ◽  
Pamala Larsen ◽  
Norma Jean Byrd
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Out Of Home Care ◽  
Longitudinal Study Design ◽  
Drug And Alcohol Use ◽  
Additional Support ◽  
Positive Outlook ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

Abstract Background An inner-city neighbourhood of Regina, Saskatchewan continues to have recurring issues of drug and alcohol use affecting parents’ caregiving opportunity. In relation to this, many children, mostly of First Nations descent, are raised in out-of-home care away from their families. With the promotion of breastfeeding, in a neighbourhood prenatal/postnatal support program, breastfeeding rates have doubled and mothers’ participation in their children’s care has increased. Recognition and promotion of cultural beliefs about breastfeeding is integral to raise community awareness of the practice. To bring additional support for breastfeeding, the empowerment effects observed were measured. Methods Using a longitudinal study design, indicators of empowerment were assessed prenatally and again at two months postpartum. Indicators included self-esteem, caregiving activities, and drug and alcohol use. Outcomes of assessments were correlated to infant feeding practices and findings compared. Results Findings supported a statistically significant improvement for empowerment scores when mothers breastfed. Mean scores for self-esteem increased from 2.87 to 3.57 (r = .90, p = <.001); for caregiving, scores increased from 2.60 to 3.16 (r = .91, p = <.001); and for drug and alcohol use, scores decreased from 59 to 9% (p = <.001). Conclusions The study brings attention to the value of breastfeeding for caregiving in situations of addiction and limited resources. Practitioner reflexivity in regards to their support for breastfeeding is critical and includes openness to alternate breastfeeding situations and beliefs. The study found that a positive outlook on breastfeeding is the first step for a practitioner-client relationship that fosters confidence for marginalized populations. Significance statement According to research, less breastfeeding occurs when mothers are marginalized. In turn, as marginalization increases, a mother’s self-esteem regarding her ability to adequately care for her child decreases. Healthcare professionals tend to be less likely to support a decision to breastfeed if there is concern about the mother’s resources and lifestyles. This research brings new attention to the importance of breastfeeding in disadvantaged situations related to an empowerment effect of breastfeeding for caregiving which includes cessation of drug and alcohol use. This effect has not previously been measured.

scholarly journals Making Choices and Reducing Risk (MCARR): School Counseling Primary Prevention of Substance Use

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-369
Author(s):  
Louisa L. Foss-Kelly ◽  
Margaret M. Generali ◽  
Michael J. Crowley
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Student Attitudes ◽  
School Community ◽  
Longitudinal Impact ◽  
Addictive Behaviors ◽  
Making Choices ◽  
Drug And Alcohol Use ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

The consequences of adolescent drug and alcohol use may be serious and far-reaching, forecasting problematic use or addictive behaviors into adulthood. School counselors are particularly well suited to understand the needs of the school community and to seamlessly deliver sustainable substance use prevention. This pilot study with 46 ninth-grade students investigates the impact of the Making Choices and Reducing Risk (MCARR) program, a drug and alcohol use prevention program for the school setting. The MCARR curriculum addresses general knowledge of substances and their related risks, methods for evaluating risk, and skills for avoiding or coping with drug and alcohol use. Using a motivational interviewing framework, MCARR empowers students to choose freely how they wish to behave in relation to drugs and alcohol and to contribute to the health of others in the school community. The authors hypothesized that the implementation of the MCARR curriculum would influence student attitudes, knowledge, and use of substances. Results suggest that the MCARR had a beneficial impact on student attitudes and knowledge. Further, no appreciable increases in substance use during the program were observed. Initial results point to the promise of program feasibility and further research with larger samples including assessment of longitudinal impact.

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