Genocidal Rupture and Performative Repair in Global Civil Society: Reconsidering the Discourse of Apology in the Face of Mass Atrocity

2009 ◽  
pp. 213-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Cushman
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Global Civil Society ◽  
The Face ◽  
Mass Atrocity

Transnational Social Movements and Peaceful Change

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Milcíades Peña
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Global Civil Society ◽  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Transnational Social Movements ◽  
Relational Perspective ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Interactive Dynamic ◽  
Dominant Treatment

The chapter discusses the relationship between social movements and peaceful change. First, it reviews the way this relationship has been elaborated in IR constructivist and critical analyses, as part of transnational activist networks, global civil society, and transnational social movements, while considering the blind sides left by the dominant treatment of these entities as positive moral actors. Second, the chapter reviews insights from the revolution and political violence literature, a literature usually sidelined in IR debates about civil society, in order to cast a wider relational perspective on how social movements participate in, and are affected by, interactive dynamic processes that may escalate into violent outcomes at both local and international levels.

Sanctioning Genocide: To What Effect?

2021 ◽  
pp. 073112142199007
Author(s):  
Whitney K. Taylor ◽  
Hollie Nyseth Brehm
Keyword(s):  
Economic Sanctions ◽  
Policy Decisions ◽  
State Behavior ◽  
The Face ◽  
Mass Atrocity ◽  
Prominent Response ◽  
The Impact

Although economic sanctions have become a prominent response to mass atrocity, there has been relatively little scholarship assessing the impact of economic sanctions on genocidal violence. This article examines whether and how economic sanctions are associated with both the magnitude and the duration of state-led genocide. We analyze 39 genocides that occurred between 1955 and 2005. Results indicate that economic sanctions are not significantly associated with decreased magnitude or duration of genocide. These findings contribute to theory regarding the impact of sanctions on state behavior and hold significance for policy decisions in the face of genocide.

scholarly journals A People vs. Corporations? Self-determination, Natural Resources and Transnational Corporations in Western Sahara

2017 ◽  
pp. 15-66
Author(s):  
Raphaël Fišera
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Transnational Corporations ◽  
Global Civil Society ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Corporate Accountability ◽  
Media Campaigns ◽  
Western Sahara ◽  
Playing Field

Since the mid-1970s, the Western Saharan conflict has defied both resolution and understanding, as an entire people, split between refugee camps in the Algerian desert and the Moroccan occupied territory, has been waiting for the international community to effectively enforce its right to self-determination. Through a combination of legal and geopolitical perspectives on the issues related to the exploitation of the rich natural resources in the last African territory still to be decolonised, this research paper will argue that transnational corporations (TNCs) can directly affect the welfare and the self-determination of a people, while the means to enforce corporate accountability remain limited and poorly adapted to the current global realities. The recent media campaigns led by NGOs against TNCs active in this area demonstrate the key role of global civil society in the emergence of corporate accountability and in reminding individuals, corporations and governments of their ethical and legal obligations towards indigenous peoples such as the Saharawi’s. This paper will first consider the historical and socio-economic context of the conflict and the importance of natural resources in this dispute (chapter I) before addressing the legal dimension of the exploitation of these resources by the occupying power and third parties (II). I will then argue that the decision of Morocco to involve Western oil and gas TNCs in the Western Sahara represents a complicating factor to the conflict and has created a new, corporate playing field for the conflicting parties (III). The last chapter of this analysis will address the current political and legal mechanisms for ensuring the accountability of such TNCs and assess whether campaigns by global civil society actors provide an effective, alternative avenue for corporate accountability (IV).Published online: 11 December 2017

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