A glacial refugium and zoogeographic boundary in the Slovak eastern Carpathians

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 383-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucie Juřičková ◽  
Jitka Horáčková ◽  
Anna Jansová ◽  
Jiří Kovanda ◽  
Ján Harčár ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Glacial ◽  
Glacial Refugium ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Eastern Carpathians ◽  
Molluscan Fauna ◽  
Fossil Records ◽  
Glacial Periods ◽  
First Time

AbstractAlthough the Carpathians in Europe have often been considered a glacial refugium for temperate plants, vertebrates, and molluscs, the fossil records, the only indisputable evidence surviving glacial periods, are as yet scarce. Moreover, the distribution of fossil records is uneven, and some areas have remained unstudied. We present here three molluscan successions from such an area—the border between the western and eastern Carpathians. This area is not only a geographic border but also a border between the oceanic and continental climate in Europe, and the molluscan fauna reflects this. We found a fluctuation of this zoogeographical border during the late glacial period and the Holocene for several snail species with their easternmost or westernmost distribution situated at this border. Such a fluctuation could reflect a small-scale shifting of climate character during the Holocene. For the first time, we recorded the fossil shells of three local endemics, Carpathica calophana, Petasina bielzi, and Perforatella dibothrion. We also found a fully developed woodland snail fauna radiocarbon dated to the Bølling period. This early occurrence of canopy forest snails indicates a possible eastern Carpathian glacial refugium for them, including local endemics, and may reflect a more moderate glacial impact on local biota than expected.

scholarly journals Měkkýši „Ženklavského lesa“ u Štramberka (Severní Morava) [The molluscs of the “Ženklavský les” forest near the town of Štramberk (North Moravia)]

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Michal Horsák
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Molluscan Fauna ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Town

The molluscs of a previously unexplored site the “Ženklavský les” forest in North Moravia (Czech Republic) were investigated in 2002. Altogether 47 snail species were recorded (46 terrestrial and 1 aquatic). The molluscan fauna was dominated by woodland species including sensitive and endangered ones (e.g., Platyla polita, Sphyradium doliolum, Ruthenica filograna, Vitrea subrimata, and Daudebardia brevipes). The species Vertigo pusilla, and Vestia ranojevici moravica were encountered in the Štramberk environs for the first time and are of regional importance.

scholarly journals Měkkýši „Ženklavského lesa“ u Štramberka (Severní Morava) [The molluscs of the “Ženklavský les” forest near the town of Štramberk (North Moravia)]

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Michal Horsák
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Molluscan Fauna ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Town

The molluscs of a previously unexplored site the “Ženklavský les” forest in North Moravia (Czech Republic) were investigated in 2002. Altogether 47 snail species were recorded (46 terrestrial and 1 aquatic). The molluscan fauna was dominated by woodland species including sensitive and endangered ones (e.g., Platyla polita, Sphyradium doliolum, Ruthenica filograna, Vitrea subrimata, and Daudebardia brevipes). The species Vertigo pusilla, and Vestia ranojevici moravica were encountered in the Štramberk environs for the first time and are of regional importance.

Die Land- und Süßwassermollusken im Inselsee bei Güstrow und seiner Umgebung (Deutschland: Landkreis Rostock)

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
Michael L. Zettler ◽  
Holger Menzel-Harloff
Keyword(s):  
Land Snail ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Habitats Directive ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Dikerogammarus Villosus ◽  
Theodoxus Fluviatilis ◽  
Molluscan Fauna ◽  
Eu Habitats Directive ◽  
First Time

Im Rahmen des 38. Kartierungstreffens der Arbeitsgruppe Malakologie Mecklenburg-Vorpommern wurde die Land- und Süßwassermolluskenfauna des Inselsees bei Güstrow und seiner Umgebung erfasst. Dadurch konnte ein wichtiger Beitrag zur Molluskenkartierung in unserem Bundesland geleistet werden, denn es wurden in dem in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten nur sporadisch bearbeiteten Gebiet 103 Molluskenarten nachgewiesen. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit den Daten früherer Erhebungen verglichen. Für den Inselsee konnten mit Ferrissia fragilis, Marstoniopsis scholtzi und Pseudanodonta complanata drei Neunachweise verzeichnet werden, während die Vorkommen von sechs früher nachgewiesenen Arten nicht bestätigt wurden. Somit sind aus diesem See nunmehr insgesamt 51 Arten gemeldet. Der offensichtlich durch Fraßdruck des invasiven ponto-kaspischen Amphipoden Dikerogammarus villosus in den letzten Jahren ausgestorbene Theodoxus fluviatilis wurde nur noch als Leergehäuse gefunden. In Moorseen in der Umgebung des Inselsees gelang unter anderem der Nachweis von Anisus vorticulus, einer Art der Anhänge II und IV der FFH-Richtlinie. Unter den 52 nachgewiesenen Landschneckenarten ist insbesondere der Nachweis rezenter Leergehäuse von Vallonia enniensis erwähnenswert. During the 38th mapping meeting of the working group malacology in Mecklenburg-West Pomerania, the land and fresh water molluscs of Lake Inselsee and vicinity near Güstrow were assessed, to provide a substantial contribution to the knowledge of mollusc mapping in our federal state. In this previously only sporadically studied area, as much as 103 species were recorded. The results were compared with earlier studies. Within Lake Inselsee, three species were found for the first time: Ferrissia fragilis, Marstoniopsis scholtzi and Pseudanodonta complanata. Six of the formerly recorded species were not found again. Altogether 51 species of molluscan fauna are known from the lake. Theodoxus fluviatilis was observed as empty shells only and has probably disappeared within recent years owing to predation by the invasive Ponto–Caspian amphipod Dikerogammarus villosus. In fen lakes near Lake Inselsee we encountered Anisus vorticulus, a species listed in the EU Habitats Directive (annex II and IV). Among the recorded 52 land snail species, the record of fresh shells of Vallonia enniensis is worth mentioning in particular.

scholarly journals Climate-driven fluvial development and valley abandonment at the last glacial-interglacial transition (Oude IJssel-Rhine, Germany)

2012 ◽  
Vol 91 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 37-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Janssens ◽  
C. Kasse ◽  
S.J.P. Bohncke ◽  
H. Greaves ◽  
K.M. Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Borehole Data ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Late Weichselian ◽  
Channel Patterns

AbstractIn the Weichselian, the Lower Rhine in the Dutch-German border region has used three courses, dissecting ice-marginal topography inherited from the Saalian. In the Late Weichselian, the three courses functioned simultaneously, with the central one gaining importance and the outer ones abandoning. This study aims to reconstruct the fluvial development and forcings that culminated in abandonment of the northern branch ‘Oude IJssel-Rhine’, at the time of the Lateglacial to Holocene transition. The fluvial architecture is studied using a cored transect over the full width of the valley, detailed cross-sections over palaeochannels and geomorphological analysis using digital elevation and borehole data. Biostratigraphy, radiocarbon dating and OSL dating provide a timeframe to reconstruct the temporal fluvial development. In its phase of abandonment, the fluvial evolution of the Oude IJssel-Rhine course is controlled by the ameliorating climate and related vegetation and discharge changes, besides by intrinsic (autogenic) fluvial behaviour such as the competition for discharge with the winning central branch and the vicinity of the Lippe tributary confluence. The rapid climate warming at the start of the Late Glacial resulted in flow contraction as the initial response. Other fluvial geomorphic adjustments followed, with some delay. An aggrading braided or transitional system persisted until the start of the Allerød, when channel patterns finally changed to meandering. Floodplain incision occurred at the Allerød - Younger Dryas transition and a multi-channel system developed fed by Rhine discharge. At the start of the Holocene, this system transformed into a small-scale, local meandering system, which was abandoned shortly after the start of the Holocene.The final abandonment of the Oude IJssel-Rhine and Niers-Rhine courses can be attributed to deep incision of the Central Rhine course in the earliest Holocene and is considered to be controlled by flow contraction induced by climate and related vegetation and discharge changes.

scholarly journals Observations on Palaeogeographical Evolution of Akrotiri Salt Lake, Lemesos, Cyprus

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Miltiadis Polidorou ◽  
Niki Evelpidou ◽  
Theodora Tsourou ◽  
Hara Drinia ◽  
Ferréol Salomon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Landscape Evolution ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Active Tectonics ◽  
Scientific Interest ◽  
Progressive Change ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Holocene Sediment ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

Akrotiri Salt Lake is located 5 km west of the city of Lemesos in the southernmost part of the island of Cyprus. The evolution of the Akrotiri Salt Lake is of great scientific interest, occurring during the Holocene when eustatic and isostatic movements combined with local active tectonics and climate change developed a unique geomorphological environment. The Salt Lake today is a closed lagoon, which is depicted in Venetian maps as being connected to the sea, provides evidence of the geological setting and landscape evolution of the area. In this study, for the first time, we investigated the development of the Akrotiri Salt Lake through a series of three cores which penetrated the Holocene sediment sequence. Sedimentological and micropaleontological analyses, as well as geochronological studies were performed on the deposited sediments, identifying the complexity of the evolution of the Salt Lake and the progressive change of the area from a maritime space to an open bay and finally to a closed salt lake.

Mollusc successions reveal northward postglacial shifts of Alpine species ranges (Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic)

The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362110116
Author(s):  
Lucie Juřičková ◽  
Jakub Menšík ◽  
Jitka Horáčková ◽  
Vojen Ložek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Bohemian Massif ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Glacial Refugia ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Glacial Refugium ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Late Glacial And Holocene

The Alps are an important hotspot of species diversity and endemism, as well as a presumed glacial refugium of several species’ groups including land snails. The recent ranges of Alpine endemics are well known, but their fluctuations during the postglacial period mirroring local climate changes are understudied. By analysing five Late Glacial and Holocene mollusc successions from two areas in the southernmost part of the Bohemian Massif (Czech Republic) situated about 100 km north of the Alps, we reveal details of these fluctuations. The Alpine endemic rocky dweller Chilostoma achates had reached the southern part of the Bohemian Massif already in the Late Glacial and disappeared in the Mid-Holocene canopy forest optimum. On the contrary, the northern boundaries of Alpine canopy forest epigeic snails extended further north than today at the turn of the Middle and Late-Holocene, pointing to a more favourable forest microclimate. The earliest known occurrences of several temperate canopy forest central European species, especially Causa holosericea and Discus perspectivus, imply the role of different areas in the Alps as their glacial refugia.

Development of the mixed conifer forest in northern New Mexico and its relationship to Holocene environmental change

2008 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Scott Anderson ◽  
Renata B. Jass ◽  
Jaime L. Toney ◽  
Craig D. Allen ◽  
Luz M. Cisneros-Dozal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Conifer Forest ◽  
Lake Levels ◽  
Mixed Conifer ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Mixed Conifer Forest ◽  
Jemez Mountains

Chihuahueños Bog (2925 m) in the Jemez Mountains of northern New Mexico contains one of the few records of late-glacial and postglacial development of the mixed conifer forest in southwestern North America. The Chihuahueños Bog record extends to over 15,000 cal yr BP. AnArtemisiasteppe, then an openPiceawoodland grew around a small pond until ca. 11,700 cal yr BP whenPinus ponderosabecame established. C/N ratios,δ13C andδ15N values indicate both terrestrial and aquatic organic matter was incorporated into the sediment. Higher percentages of aquatic algae and elevated C/N ratios indicate higher lake levels at the opening of the Holocene, but a wetland developed subsequently as climate warmed. From ca. 8500 to 6400 cal yr BP the pond desiccated in what must have been the driest period of the Holocene there. C/N ratios declined to their lowest Holocene levels, indicating intense decomposition in the sediment. Wetter conditions returned after 6400 cal yr BP, with conversion of the site to a sedge bog as groundwater levels rose. Higher charcoal influx rates after 6400 cal yr BP probably result from greater biomass production rates. Only minor shifts in the overstory species occurred during the Holocene, suggesting that mixed conifer forest dominated throughout the record.

scholarly journals On the Relationship between Low Latitude Scintillation Onset and Sunset Terminator over Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2087
Author(s):  
Mogese Wassaie Mersha ◽  
Elias Lewi ◽  
Norbert Jakowski ◽  
Volker Wilken ◽  
Jens Berdermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moving Boundary ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Scintillation Index ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Bahir Dar ◽  
Remarkable Change ◽  
Equatorial Africa ◽  
Night Side ◽  
Solar Terminator ◽  
First Time

The solar terminator is a moving boundary between day-side and night-side regions on the Earth, which is a substantial source of perturbations in the ionosphere. In the vicinity of the solar terminator, essential parameters like S4 index measurements are widely analyzed in order to monitor and predict perturbations in the ionosphere. The utilization of the scintillation index S4 is a well-accepted approach to describe the amplitude/intensity fluctuation of a received signal, predominantly caused by small-scale irregularities of the ionospheric plasma. We report on the longitudinal daily and seasonal occurrence of GNSS signal scintillations, using the data derived from the GNSS stations in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, Lomé, Togo and Dakar, Senegal. The observed seasonal climatology of GNSS signal scintillations in equatorial Africa is adequately explained by the alignment of the solar terminator and local geomagnetic declination line. It should be pointed out that the strongest scintillations are most frequently observed during the time when the solar terminator is best aligned with the geomagnetic declination line. At all three stations, the comparison of computational and observational results indicated that the scintillation activity culminated around equinoxes in the years 2014, 2015 and 2016. Comparatively, the western equatorial Africa sector has the most intense, longest-lasting, and highest scintillation occurrence rate in equinoctial seasons in all three years. For the first time, we show that the seasonal variation of the scintillation peaks changes systematically from west to east at equatorial GNSS stations over Africa. A detailed analysis of the solar day–night terminator azimuth at ionospheric heights including the time equation shows that the scintillation intensity has a maximum if the azimuth of the terminator coincides with the declination line of the geomagnetic field. Due to the remarkable change of the declination by about 10° at the considered GNSS stations, the distance between scintillation peaks increases by 46 days when moving westward from the Bahir Dar to the Dakar GNSS station. The observations agree quite well with the computational results, thus confirming Tsunoda’s theory.

Corrosion Testing of Armour Wire in Simulated Annulus Environments of Flexible Pipelines: An Update

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Clements ◽  
Andrew D. Ethridge
Keyword(s):  
Deionized Water ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
General Corrosion ◽  
Flexible Pipe ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
Condensed Water ◽  
Test Cells ◽  
Sour Service ◽  
First Time ◽  
Permeation Models

This paper describes further investigations, utilising small scale test cells, into the general corrosion which can occur on wires within the inherent annulus space in a flexible pipe, particularly, and for the first time, in a sour service (H2S containing) environment. The work enhances data presented previously in 2002. Tests have been performed in cells specifically designed to simulate, as closely as possible, the environment and confines of a flexible pipe annulus, using solutions of both deionized water and seawater (to represent seawater flooding and condensed water). The systems were saturated with CO2 and H2S to simulate permeation of gases through the polymer pressure sheath (as predicted by validated permeation models). Weight loss measurements were undertaken in order to quantify the corrosion rate in these simulated annulus environments and metallography was undertaken to characterise the corrosion and check for HIC/SOHIC.

scholarly journals “Audience exchange”: cultivating peer-to-peer dialogue at unfamiliar arts events

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Pitts ◽  
Jonathan Gross
Keyword(s):  
Peer Learning ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Exchange Method ◽  
Audience Engagement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Peer Dialogue ◽  
Targeted Marketing ◽  
Audience Development ◽  
First Time

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the usefulness of the “audience exchange” approach for audience development and research, and to highlight the insights offered by peer-to-peer dialogue in understanding experiences of unfamiliar arts. Design/methodology/approach Using a case study with contemporary arts audiences, and setting this in the wider context of studies with other first-time attenders at a range of arts events, the paper explores the use of the “audience exchange” method, in which facilitated conversations after performance events allow newcomers to reflect upon and deepen their first-time encounters with live arts. Findings The study demonstrates the way in which conversations about arts events can enrich audience experience, and shows how participants use exploratory and emotional language to articulate their understanding of unfamiliar arts events. Peer-to-peer learning occurs through these conversations, in ways that could be further supported by arts organisations as a valuable tool for audience development. The audience exchange discussions also reveal the varieties of participation from “drifting” to full attention that are all part of audience engagement. Research limitations/implications This is a small-scale, qualitative study, and the method has potential to be tested in future studies with a greater variety of participants (e.g. younger or more ethnically diverse groups). Practical implications Use of the audience exchange for enriching experiences of first-time attendance could be adopted by arts organisations as a regular part of their audience engagement. Greater understanding of how new audience members draw on prior cultural experiences in finding the language to articulate their first impressions of an unfamiliar arts event could be valuable for targeted marketing and increasing accessibility. Originality/value The originality of this study lies in its elaboration of the audience exchange method, and its focus on the language and peer-to-peer learning evident in the facilitated post-performance discussions.

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