scholarly journals Marine Reservoir Effects Deduced from 14C Dates on Pottery Residues, Bones, and Molluskan Shells from the Hamanaka 2 Archaeological Site, Rebun Island, Hokkaido, Japan

Radiocarbon ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 755-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiki Miyata ◽  
Akiko Horiuchi ◽  
Megumi Kondo ◽  
Shin Onbe ◽  
Kunio Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Bone Collagen ◽  
Sea Lion ◽  
Soya Warm Current ◽  
Warm Current ◽  
Sea Mammals ◽  
Rebun Island ◽  
Apparent Age ◽  
Charred Wood

AbstractThis article investigates the marine reservoir effects from apparent age differences among molluskan shells, birds, and sea mammals from the Hamanaka 2 archaeological site, Rebun Island, Japan, which was occupied during the latter half of the Late Jomon period (1300−1200 cal BC). The radiocarbon ages were younger in the order of charred wood<marine molluskan shells<Alcidae<Japanese sea lion≤charred materials on potsherds. According to data from molluskan shells from the site, the local marine reservoir correction (ΔR) for the Soya Warm Current, which flows near Rebun Island, was 172±39 14C yr. ΔR values of bone collagen for Alcidae (a family of seabirds) and Japanese sea lion were 289 and 389 14C yr, respectively. A ΔR value of 447±55 14C yr was obtained on charred material from the inner surfaces of potsherds at Hamanaka 2. The different reservoir effects relate to the differences in the diets or habitats of the shellfish, sea lion, and seabird remains at the site.

Subinertial and seasonal variations in the Soya Warm Current revealed by HF ocean radars, coastal tide gauges, and bottom-mounted ADCP

2009 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoto Ebuchi ◽  
Yasushi Fukamachi ◽  
Kay I. Ohshima ◽  
Masaaki Wakatsuchi
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Tide Gauges ◽  
Soya Warm Current ◽  
Warm Current

Effect of Noctuidonema guyanense (Nematoda: Acugutturidae) on the Longevity of Feral Male Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Moths2

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. G. Marti ◽  
C. E. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
New Host ◽  
C 30 ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Apparent Age

Noctuidonema guyanense Remillet and Silvain is an ectoparasitic nematode of certain species of adult Lepidoptera, particularly Noctuidae, in the Western Hemisphere. It is transferred to a new host when the insects mate. Survival of infested and uninfested feral adult males of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), the fall armyworm, was compared at three different temperature regimens (20°C, 30°C, and 30/20°C) at 14:10 L/D at 80% RH. Apparent age differences were controlled by pairing moths having the same amount of scale loss. Overall mean nematode infestations of 239.3 and 0 in infested and uninfested groups produced significantly different mean longevity of 3.7 and 6.2 days, respectively. At 20°C, survival of both groups increased to 6.2 and 13.3 days, but remained significantly different. The results demonstrate a deleterious effect of Noctuidonema infestation on longevity of feral adult male S. frugiperda.

Variation in Radiocarbon Age Determinations from the Crystal River Archaeological Site, Florida

Radiocarbon ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 801-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Cherkinsky ◽  
Thomas J Pluckhahn ◽  
Victor D Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Bone Collagen ◽  
Shell Midden ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Reservoir Effect ◽  
Radiocarbon Age ◽  
Soil Charcoal ◽  
Crystal River ◽  
Age Determinations

Archaeologists interested in radiocarbon dating shell midden sites express concern regarding the accuracy of shell dates and how such determinations should be interpreted. This article discusses the problem of dating shells from sites in the southeastern United States. New results are presented comparing shell, bone, and soil-charcoal age determinations from the Crystal River site, located along the west-central Gulf Coast of Florida. Crystal River is a large multimound site whose occupants engaged in long-distance exchange throughout eastern North America during the Woodland period (∼1000 BC to AD 1050). In the summer of 2012, test units were excavated in several contexts at the site, including both mounds and occupation areas. Samples were collected for 14C dating, which were then processed at the University of Georgia Center for Applied Isotope Studies. This article focuses on samples from the stratified shell midden, from which it was hoped to construct a local correction for marine shell that could be used to date other contexts. The soil-charcoal and bone collagen from these samples have very similar ages (bone samples ranging from about 100 cal BC to cal AD 530 and soil-charcoal from cal AD 345 to 560); however, the shell samples collected from the same stratigraphic units are significantly older than the terrestrial dates (ranging from 1300 to 390 cal BC). The difference in calibrated ages between organic materials and the shells ranges between 560 to 1140 yr. This phenomenon cannot be explained solely by the marine reservoir effect. It appears that all the shell samples formed in mixed marine (∼50–60%) contexts, as indicated by the stable isotope ratios and the amount of atmospheric carbon remaining in the samples. The age of the shell samples cannot be used to date archaeological events as they are influenced not only by the marine reservoir effect, but also the local hardwater effect, which makes them significantly older.

scholarly journals The finding of eggs of Diphyllobothrium in human coprolites (4.100-1.950 BC) from Northern Chile

1984 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Fernando Ferreira ◽  
Adauto J. G. de Araújo ◽  
Ulisses E. C. Confalonieri ◽  
Lautaro Nuñez
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Marine Fishes ◽  
Northern Chile ◽  
Human Origin ◽  
Sea Lion ◽  
Helminth Eggs

Twenty six coprolites from an archaeological site in the province of Iquique, northern Chile, were examined for parasites. Coprolites were found in two excavation units, I and II (Tiliviche site), dated respectively at 5,900 B.C. to 4,110 B.C. and 4,110 B.C. to 1,950 B.C., and identified as of human origin. Only at the unit II coprolites containing helminth eggs identified as Diphyllobothrium pacificum were found. The presence of this tapeworm, a parasite of the American Sea Lion, in human coprolites, points to a diet which included marine fishes and provides information on the antiquity of infection by Diphyllobothrium pacificum. It is interesting to note that Baer (1969) suggests the presence of this tapeworm in pre-Columbian populations when diagnosing the first human cases in today's population in Peru.

Accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon stratigraphies in deep Labrador Sea cores: paleoceanographic implications

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoping Wu ◽  
Claude Hillaire-Marcel
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Labrador Sea ◽  
Western Boundary ◽  
Mixing Models ◽  
Foraminiferal Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Apparent Age

Foraminiferal accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C ages and benthic–planktonic age differences in surface-layer sediments of Labrador Sea are influenced by bioturbation and by changes in the relative abundance of foraminiferal species carrying the 14C signal. Using benthic-mixing models we demonstrate that inverse benthic–planktonic age differences can be generated when the effect of benthic mixing and abundance change exceeds apparent age differences between surface water and deep water. AMS 14C ages obtained put constraints on the timing of major paleoceanographic changes in the basin, notably on the history of the Western Boundary Undercurrent, which was clearly reinitiated during the mid-deglaciation and intensified during the last 2–3 ka.

Anticyclonic eddy caused by the Soya Warm Current in an Okhotsk OGCM

2007 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Uchimoto ◽  
Humio Mitsudera ◽  
Naoto Ebuchi ◽  
Yasumasa Miyazawa
Keyword(s):  
Anticyclonic Eddy ◽  
Soya Warm Current ◽  
Warm Current

Formation mechanism of the cold-water belt formed off the soya warm current

2006 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miho Ishizu ◽  
Yujiro Kitade ◽  
Masaji Matsuyama
Keyword(s):  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Soya Warm Current ◽  
Warm Current
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