scholarly journals Upper Palaeolithic and Mesolithic human fossils from Moravia and Bohemia (Czech Republic): some new 14C dates

Antiquity ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (294) ◽  
pp. 957-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří A. Svoboda ◽  
Johannes van der Plicht ◽  
Vítězslav Kuželka
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
The Other ◽  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Human Fossils ◽  
Early Upper

New radiocarbon dates from four Moravian and Bohemian sites are presented and linked to previous work on the depositional contexts of human fossils at similar sites in the region. Whilst dates from Mladeč confirm its early Upper Palaeolithic age, the chronologies of the other three sites require revision.

scholarly journals Eastern Europe’s “Transitional Industry”?: Deconstructing the Early Streletskian

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Dinnis ◽  
A. Bessudnov ◽  
N. Reynolds ◽  
T. Devièse ◽  
A. Dudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Modern Human ◽  
East European Plain ◽  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
East European ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Layer V ◽  
Precise Relationship ◽  
Early Upper

AbstractThe Streletskian is central to understanding the onset of the Upper Palaeolithic on the East European Plain. Early Streletskian assemblages are frequently seen as marking the Neanderthal-anatomically modern human (AMH) anthropological transition, as well as the Middle-to-Upper Palaeolithic archaeological transition. The age of key Streletskian assemblages, however, remains unclear, and there are outstanding questions over how they relate to Middle and Early Upper Palaeolithic facies. The three oldest Streletskian layers—Kostenki 1 Layer V, Kostenki 6 and Kostenki 12 Layer III—were excavated by A. N. Rogachev in the mid-20th century. Here, we re-examine these layers in light of problems noted during Rogachev’s campaigns and later excavations. Layer V in the northern part of Kostenki 1 is the most likely assemblage to be unmixed. A new radiocarbon date of 35,100 ± 500 BP (OxA- X-2717-21) for this assemblage agrees with Rogachev’s stratigraphic interpretation and contradicts later claims of a younger age. More ancient radiocarbon dates for Kostenki 1 Layer V are from areas lacking diagnostic Streletskian points. The Kostenki 6 assemblage’s stratigraphic context is extremely poor, but new radiocarbon dates are consistent with Rogachev’s view that the archaeological material was deposited prior to the CI tephra (i.e. >34.3 ka BP). Multiple lines of evidence indicate that Kostenki 12 Layer III contains material of different ages. Despite some uncertainty over the precise relationship between the dated sample and diagnostic lithic material, Kostenki 1 Layer V (North) therefore currently provides the best age estimate for an early Streletskian context. This age is younger than fully Upper Palaeolithic assemblages elsewhere at Kostenki. Other “Streletskian” assemblages and Streletskian points from younger contexts at Kostenki are briefly reviewed, with possible explanations for their chronostratigraphic distribution considered. We caution that the cultural taxon Streletskian should not be applied to assemblages based simply on the presence of bifacially worked artefacts.

Direct radiocarbon dates of mid Upper Palaeolithic human remains from Dolní Věstonice II and Pavlov I, Czech Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 102000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Fewlass ◽  
Sahra Talamo ◽  
Bernd Kromer ◽  
Edouard Bard ◽  
Thibaut Tuna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Human Remains ◽  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates

scholarly journals On Making of Micoquian Bifacial Backed Tools at Pietraszyn 49a, SW Poland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Wiśniewski ◽  
Marcin Chłoń ◽  
Marcel Weiss ◽  
Katarzyna Pyżewicz ◽  
Witold Migal
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Structured Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Sw Poland ◽  
Marine Isotope Stage 3 ◽  
Early Upper

Abstract This paper attempts to show that manufacture of Micoquian bifacial backed tools was structured. Data for this study were collected using a comprehensive analysis of artefacts from the site Pietraszyn 49a, Poland, which is dated to the beginning of Marine Isotope Stage 3. Based on the whole data set, it was possible to distinguish four stages of the manufacturing process. During manufacturing, both mineral hammer and organic hammer were used. The tools were usually shaped due to distinct hierarchization of faces. The study has also shown that the shape of bifacial tools from Pietraszyn 49a is very similar to the other Micoquian examples from central Europe. The ways of shaping of some tools are finding their counterparts also in the Early Upper Palaeolithic inventories, but the similarities are rather limited to the narrow range of preparation of bifacial form.

scholarly journals Between two worlds: Cova Eirós and the Middle-Upper Palaeolithic transition in NW Iberia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo de LOMBERA-HERMIDA ◽  
Xose-Pedro RODRÍGUEZ-ÁLVAREZ ◽  
Alicia AMEIJENDA IGLESIAS ◽  
Mikel DÍAZ RODRÍGUEZ ◽  
undefined Iván REY-RODRÍGUEZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Paleolithic ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Subsistence Strategies ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Nw Iberia ◽  
Early Upper Paleolithic ◽  
Anatomically Modern Humans ◽  
Late Survival ◽  
Early Upper

Iberia, a natural cul-de-sac peninsula, plays a major role in the study of the Neanderthals demise and its eventual relationship with the spread of Anatomically Modern Humans (AMH) in Europe. The site of Cova Eirós (Galicia, Spain), located in NW Iberia, contains Middle and Upper Palaeolithic levels, based on the cultural remains recovered at the site. No human remains directly associated with those levels were discovered yet. The available radiocarbon dates from the levels 2 (c. 35 ka cal BP, Early Upper Paleolithic) and 3 (c. 41 ka cal BP, Late Middle Paleolithic), point to a late survival of Neanderthal groups in North Iberia and to a relative quick arrival of the AMH, c. 35-36 ka cal BP, with respect to other territories of the Iberian Peninsula. The archaeological record shows clear differences between the Middle and the Upper Palaeolithic occupations, regarding raw-material acquisition, lithic technology and subsistence strategies. The location of Cova Eirós in the westernmost margin of the Cantabrian Rim and in the Atlantic Façade, makes this site a key place to understand the spread of the first AMH and the progressive demise of Neanderthal populations.

An Early Upper Palaeolithic decorated bone tubular rod from Pod Hradem Cave, Czech Republic

Antiquity ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 88 (339) ◽  
pp. 30-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duncan Wright ◽  
Ladislav Nejman ◽  
Francesco d'Errico ◽  
Miroslav Králík ◽  
Rachel Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Tubular Bone ◽  
Bayesian Modelling ◽  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Laboratory Examination ◽  
Human Identity ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Early Upper

Personal ornaments are a notable feature of the Early Upper Palaeolithic in Europe and an important expression of modern human identity. The tubular bone rod from Pod Hradem Cave in the Czech Republic is the first example of its kind from Central Europe. Laboratory examination reveals the techniques used in its manufacture and underlines the skill of its maker. AMS dates and Bayesian modelling suggest a cultural association with the Early Aurignacian period. It illustrates the cultural links across large areas of Europe at this time, although it is unique in its specific combination of size, raw material and decorative features.

scholarly journals Late Middle and Early Upper Paleolithic of the Eastern Adriatic and the Problem of the Regional Middle/Upper Paleolithic Interface

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
I. Karavanić ◽  
N. Vukosavljević
Keyword(s):  
Current Data ◽  
Upper Paleolithic ◽  
The Other ◽  
Middle Paleolithic ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Early Upper Paleolithic ◽  
Temporal Frame ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Early Upper

Eastern Adriatic Late Middle Paleolithic is relatively well known. On the other hand, Early Upper Paleolithic sites in the same region are scarce, and in particular the sites from Early Aurignacian, which are completely lacking. Sites with stratigraphy encompassing Late Middle Paleolithic and Early Upper Paleolithic that would signifi cantly contribute to better understanding of the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition have not yet been found. In this paper, we give an overview of the archaeological record of the regional Late Middle and Early Upper Paleolithic from Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro and Albania. The information on research of Late Middle Paleolithic sites conducted in different regions of the eastern Adriatic (e.g., Mujina pećina and Velika pećina in Kličevica in Dalmatia, open-air site Campanož and Romualdova pećina in Istria, Bioče and Crvena stijena in Montenegro) is given. AMS and ESR dates give good temporal frame for Late Middle Paleolithic. Contrary to this, radiocarbon dates for Early Upper Paleolithic are scarce, and were made long time ago, hence bringing into question their reliability as is supported by their very late age for Aurignacian. Only one recent AMS date from Šandalja II could represent real Aurignacian age. According to current data, there is a hiatus of several thousand years between Late Middle and Early Upper Paleolithic in the eastern Adriatic. Here we suggest several potential reasons for such fragmentary record of the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition in the eastern Adriatic.

Paviland Cave: contextualizing the ‘Red Lady’

Antiquity ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (278) ◽  
pp. 756-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Aldhouse-Green ◽  
Paul Pettitt
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Sedimentary Sequence ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Early Upper

Paviland is the richest Early Upper Palaeolithic site in the British Isles and has produced Britain's only ceremonial burial (the ‘Red Lady’) of that age. Excavations in the 19th and early 20th centuries, combined with the action of the sea, have removed virtually all of the cave's sedimentary sequence. A new, definitive study of the site and its finds, together with over 40 radiocarbon dates, shows that Paviland currently holds the key to our understanding of the chronology of human activity and settlement from c. 30,000 to 21,000 years ago. The age of the ‘Red Lady’ is also finally resolved at c. 26,000 b.p.

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