scholarly journals An algebraic characterization of symmetric graphs with a prime number of vertices

1972 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Berggren
Keyword(s):  
Automorphism Group ◽  
Prime Number ◽  
Simple Proof ◽  
Algebraic Characterization ◽  
Symmetric Graph ◽  
Symmetric Graphs ◽  
Multiplicative Subgroup

A graph Γ is called symmetric if its automorphism group is transitive on its vertices and edges. Let p be an odd prime, Z(p) the field of integers modulo p, and Z*(p) = (a ∈ Z(p) | a ≠ 0}, the multiplicative subgroup of Z(p). This paper gives a simple proof of the equivalence of two statements:(1) Γ is a symmetric graph with p vertices, each having degree n ≥ 1;(2) the integer n is an even divisor of p − 1 and Γ is isomorphic to the graph whose vertices are the elements of Z(p) and whose edges are the pairs {a, a+h} where a ∈ Z(p) and h ∈ H, the unique subgroup of Z*(p) of order n.In addition, the automorphism group of Γ is determined.

scholarly journals Pentavalent Symmetric Graphs of Order $12p$

10.37236/720 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Song-Tao Guo ◽  
Jin-Xin Zhou ◽  
Yan-Quan Feng
Keyword(s):  
Automorphism Group ◽  
Complete Classification ◽  
Symmetric Graph ◽  
Symmetric Graphs

A graph is said to be symmetric if its automorphism group acts transitively on its arcs. In this paper, a complete classification of connected pentavalent symmetric graphs of order $12p$ is given for each prime $p$. As a result, a connected pentavalent symmetric graph of order $12p$ exists if and only if $p=2$, $3$, $5$ or $11$, and up to isomorphism, there are only nine such graphs: one for each $p=2$, $3$ and $5$, and six for $p=11$.

scholarly journals Cubic symmetric graphs of order twice an odd prime-power

2006 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Quan Feng ◽  
Jin Ho Kwak
Keyword(s):  
Automorphism Group ◽  
Cayley Graph ◽  
Prime Power ◽  
Symmetric Graph ◽  
Cubic Graphs ◽  
Full Automorphism Group ◽  
Symmetric Graphs ◽  
Regular Subgroup

AbstractAn automorphism group of a graph is said to be s-regular if it acts regularly on the set of s-arcs in the graph. A graph is s-regular if its full automorphism group is s-regular. For a connected cubic symmetric graph X of order 2pn for an odd prime p, we show that if p ≠ 5, 7 then every Sylow p-subgroup of the full automorphism group Aut(X) of X is normal, and if p ≠3 then every s-regular subgroup of Aut(X) having a normal Sylow p-subgroup contains an (s − 1)-regular subgroup for each 1 ≦ s ≦ 5. As an application, we show that every connected cubic symmetric graph of order 2pn is a Cayley graph if p > 5 and we classify the s-regular cubic graphs of order 2p2 for each 1≦ s≦ 5 and each prime p. as a continuation of the authors' classification of 1-regular cubic graphs of order 2p2. The same classification of those of order 2p is also done.

An algebraic characterization of finite symmetric tournaments

1972 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Berggren
Keyword(s):  
Automorphism Group ◽  
Finite Field ◽  
Quadratic Residue ◽  
Algebraic Characterization

A tournament T is called symmetric if its automorphism group is transitive on the points and arcs of T. The main result of this paper is that if T is a finite symmetric tournament then T is isomorphic to one of the quadratic residue tournaments formed on the points of a finite field GF(pn), pn ≡ 3 (4), by the following rule: If a, b ∈ GF(pn) then there is an are directed from a to b exactly when b – a is a non-zero quadratic residue in GF(pn).

Heptavalent Symmetric Graphs with Certain Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (02) ◽  
pp. 243-252
Author(s):  
Jiali Du ◽  
Yanquan Feng ◽  
Yuqin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Automorphism Group ◽  
Normal Subgroup ◽  
Simple Group ◽  
Simple Groups ◽  
Symmetric Graph ◽  
Symmetric Graphs ◽  
Vertex Transitive

A graph [Formula: see text] is said to be symmetric if its automorphism group [Formula: see text] acts transitively on the arc set of [Formula: see text]. We show that if [Formula: see text] is a finite connected heptavalent symmetric graph with solvable stabilizer admitting a vertex-transitive non-abelian simple group [Formula: see text] of automorphisms, then either [Formula: see text] is normal in [Formula: see text], or [Formula: see text] contains a non-abelian simple normal subgroup [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is explicitly given as one of 11 possible exceptional pairs of non-abelian simple groups. If [Formula: see text] is arc-transitive, then [Formula: see text] is always normal in [Formula: see text], and if [Formula: see text] is regular on the vertices of [Formula: see text], then the number of possible exceptional pairs [Formula: see text] is reduced to 5.

scholarly journals Characterization of Dissipative Structures for First-Order Symmetric Hyperbolic System with General Relaxation

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 728
Author(s):  
Yasunori Maekawa ◽  
Yoshihiro Ueda
Keyword(s):  
Hyperbolic System ◽  
Dissipative Structure ◽  
Dissipative Structures ◽  
Algebraic Characterization ◽  
Symmetric Hyperbolic System ◽  
Full Generality ◽  
Order Linear ◽  
First Order

In this paper, we study the dissipative structure of first-order linear symmetric hyperbolic system with general relaxation and provide the algebraic characterization for the uniform dissipativity up to order 1. Our result extends the classical Shizuta–Kawashima condition for the case of symmetric relaxation, with a full generality and optimality.

Trivalent Non-symmetric Vertex-Transitive Graphs of Order at Most 150

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (03) ◽  
pp. 379-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuesong Ma ◽  
Ruji Wang
Keyword(s):  
Automorphism Group ◽  
Bipartite Graphs ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Symmetric Graph ◽  
Trivalent Graph ◽  
Block Graphs ◽  
Group A ◽  
Vertex Transitive ◽  
Vertex Transitive Graphs ◽  
Transitive Graphs

Let X be a simple undirected connected trivalent graph. Then X is said to be a trivalent non-symmetric graph of type (II) if its automorphism group A = Aut (X) acts transitively on the vertices and the vertex-stabilizer Av of any vertex v has two orbits on the neighborhood of v. In this paper, such graphs of order at most 150 with the basic cycles of prime length are investigated, and a classification is given for such graphs which are non-Cayley graphs, whose block graphs induced by the basic cycles are non-bipartite graphs.

An Axiomatic Characterization of a Class of Petri Nets

1991 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-491
Author(s):  
Waldemar Korczynski
Keyword(s):  
Petri Nets ◽  
Petri Net ◽  
Axiomatic Characterization ◽  
Algebraic Characterization

In this paper an algebraic characterization of a class of Petri nets is given. The nets are characterized by a kind of algebras, which can be considered as a generalization of the concept of the case graph of a (marked) Petri net.

scholarly journals HEYDE’S CHARACTERIZATION THEOREM FOR DISCRETE ABELIAN GROUPS

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARGARYTA MYRONYUK
Keyword(s):  
Abelian Group ◽  
Automorphism Group ◽  
Real Line ◽  
Linear Form ◽  
Conditional Distribution ◽  
Random Variables ◽  
Characterization Theorem ◽  
Gaussian Distributions ◽  
Discrete Abelian Group

AbstractLet X be a countable discrete abelian group with automorphism group Aut(X). Let ξ1 and ξ2 be independent X-valued random variables with distributions μ1 and μ2, respectively. Suppose that α1,α2,β1,β2∈Aut(X) and β1α−11±β2α−12∈Aut(X). Assuming that the conditional distribution of the linear form L2 given L1 is symmetric, where L2=β1ξ1+β2ξ2 and L1=α1ξ1+α2ξ2, we describe all possibilities for the μj. This is a group-theoretic analogue of Heyde’s characterization of Gaussian distributions on the real line.

Algebraic characterization of bridged polycyclic compounds

1981 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 929-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ov. Mekenyan ◽  
D. Bonchev ◽  
N. Trinajsti?
Keyword(s):  
Algebraic Characterization ◽  
Polycyclic Compounds
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