scholarly journals Postprandial expression of growth-related genes in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) juveniles fasted for 1 week and fed a single meal to satiation

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (12) ◽  
pp. 2148-2157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luísa M. P. Valente ◽  
Neil I. Bower ◽  
Ian A. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Transcript Abundance ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Single Meal ◽  
Myotomal Muscle

We investigated postprandial changes in transcript abundance following a single satiating meal in juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) (about 70 g body mass) following fasting for 1 week at 12°C. The expression of twenty-three growth-related genes was determined in fast myotomal muscle using quantitative real-time PCR at the following postprandial time points: − 12, 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 96 h. The gut was fullest 1–6 h after feeding and emptied within 48–96 h. IGF-I, MyoD1c, MRF4 and myf5 transcripts were sharply up-regulated within 1 h of refeeding and are promising candidate genes involved in a fast-response signalling system that regulates fish myotomal muscle growth. These genes clustered together with MyoD1b and suggest a coordinated regulation to favour resumption of myogenesis as an early response to feeding. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II and the ubiquitin ligase MAFbx/atrogin-1 were initially down-regulated but restored to initial values after 12 h. It is also suggested that local production of IGF-I within the muscle might suppress catabolic pathways depressing MAFbx/atrogin-1.

scholarly journals Influence of feed ration size on somatic and muscle growth in landlocked dwarf and farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 614-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Øivind Andersen ◽  
Vera Vieira ◽  
Jens‐Erik Dessen ◽  
Ian A. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Farmed Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Ration Size

scholarly journals Growth hormone endocrinology of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): pituitary gene expression, hormone storage, secretion and plasma levels during parr-smolt transformation

2001 ◽  
Vol 170 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Agustsson ◽  
K Sundell ◽  
T Sakamoto ◽  
V Johansson ◽  
M Ando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Secretion Rate ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Plasma Gh

A number of studies on the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), have reported changes in plasma GH during parr-smolt transformation, but there is a lack of information about the endocrinology of the GH system during this process. In order to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these changes in plasma GH levels during the parr-smolt transformation of Atlantic salmon, GH mRNA expression in the pituitary was studied together with total pituitary GH content, in vitro GH secretion rate and plasma GH and IGF-I levels. Atlantic salmon were kept in outside tanks, under natural condition from early February until late June. Approximately three times a month fish were killed and pituitaries and blood were sampled for investigation. Further, pituitaries were moved to the laboratory for in vitro GH secretion studies. The results show that the GH system is first activated by an increase in GH secretion rate, which leads to an increase in plasma GH levels and causes a drop in the total GH content of the pituitary. This drop in pituitary GH content is later reversed by an increased GH synthesis seen as an increase in GH mRNA expression. Maximal activation of the GH system is seen to occur in early May, when plasma IGF-I levels reach highest levels, after which a certain deactivation of the GH system takes place. The data show that plasma levels of GH are to a large extent regulated by the secretion rate from the pituitary, although changes in the GH clearance rate are also likely to take place and influence the plasma GH levels. The study further underlines the significant role that the GH-IGF-I axis plays in the parr-smolt transformation of the Atlantic salmon.

Early response of gene expression in the distal intestine of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) during the development of soybean meal induced enteritis

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 599-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Sahlmann ◽  
Ben J.G. Sutherland ◽  
Trond M. Kortner ◽  
Ben F. Koop ◽  
Åshild Krogdahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Distal Intestine ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar

Patterns of muscle growth in early and late maturing populations of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)

Aquaculture ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 189 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 307-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian A Johnston ◽  
Richard Alderson ◽  
Claire Sandham ◽  
David Mitchell ◽  
Craig Selkirk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar

The early response of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) macrophages exposed in vitro to Aeromonas salmonicida cultured in broth and in fish

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Vanya Ewart ◽  
Jason Williams ◽  
Robert C. Richards ◽  
Jeffrey W. Gallant ◽  
Krista Melville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Aeromonas Salmonicida ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar

scholarly journals Larval programming of post-hatch muscle growth and activity in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

2007 ◽  
Vol 210 (10) ◽  
pp. 1735-1741 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Albokhadaim ◽  
C. L. Hammond ◽  
C. Ashton ◽  
B. H. Simbi ◽  
S. Bayol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar

Effects of domestication on growth physiology and endocrinology of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 1323-1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian A Fleming ◽  
Thorleifur Agustsson ◽  
Bengt Finstad ◽  
Jörgen I Johnsson ◽  
Björn Thrandur Björnsson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Endocrine Regulation ◽  
Founder Population ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Igf I

Selection programs for fish frequently target growth rate as a breeding goal, yet surprisingly little is known about which mechanisms underlying the growth process are being targeted. The aim of this study was thus to examine whether the process of artificial selection of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) that has resulted in higher growth rate resulted in underlying changes in the growth hormone (GH) – insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) axis of endocrine growth regulation. This was tested by comparing similarly reared seventh-generation farm salmon with wild salmon from the principal founder population of the farm strain at three life stages. Not unexpectedly, the domesticated fish outgrew their wild counterparts; this was most evident in salt water, where they averaged three times the weight by the end. Pituitary GH content was positively correlated with growth rate and correspondingly was significantly higher in the faster growing domesticated fish than in the wild fish. Plasma GH levels were also significantly higher in the domesticated fish, whereas IGF-I levels did not differ. These findings provide some of the first direct evidence indicating a link between domestication selection for growth and its endocrine regulation, whereby individuals with more active endocrine growth regulatory components are targeted.

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