Treason in Rhodesia

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-213
Author(s):  
Alan Wharam
Keyword(s):  
Attorney General ◽  
House Of Commons ◽  
Declaration Of Independence ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Unilateral Declaration

Throughout the Rhodesian crisis it has been repeatedly asserted that the Unilateral Declaration of Independence constituted treason. In the House of Commons on 12 November 1965, the Attorney-General himself said:It is right that I should point out in general terms that there is abundant authority for the conclusion that the conduct of the kind that has taken place is treasonable.

Land Reform in Zimbabwe: Some Legal Aspects

1993 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gino J. Naldi
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Declaration Of Independence ◽  
Unilateral Declaration ◽  
Liberation Movements ◽  
Crop And Livestock Production ◽  
Trust Lands

The Government of Zimbabwe has only recently begun to implement the commitment of the liberation movements to give land to poor ‘communal’ farmers, especially those dispossessed by the whiteminority régime after Rhodesia's unilateral declaration of independence in 1965. It needs to be recalled that by virtue of the Land Tenure Act of 1969 almost half of the country's agricultural land was allocated to Europeans, who had ‘greater access to the regions considered suited to intensive crop and livestock production’, and that ‘On average, each of the nearly 7,000 European farms was roughly 100 times the size of any of the 700,000 or so holdings in the Tribal Trust Lands’. The fact that much of this land was under-utilised only served to increase African resentment.

scholarly journals The analysis of un activities in resolving the issue of Kosovo and Metohija

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusko Dimitrijevic ◽  
Ivona Ladjevac ◽  
Mihajlo Vucic
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Development ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
Declaration Of Independence ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
Unilateral Declaration ◽  
The Status ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Republic ◽  
United Nations System

After the Security Council had established the international administration in Kosovo on grounds of the Resolution no. 1244 of 10 June 1999 for the construction and reconstruction of the legal and economic systems, the support and protection of human rights, the provision of humanitarian and other assistance, it adopted the conclusion that the achievement of a political settlement for the southern Serbian province would primarily depend on the development and consolidation of peace and security. Accordingly, in May 2001, the international administration adopted the Constitutional Framework for Provisional Self- Government in Kosovo, which defined the status of the Serbian southern province as a whole and indivisible territorial entity under the interim international administration. The Constitutional Framework is regulated as a substantial transfer of state responsibilities by the peoples of Kosovo and Metohija to the provisional institutions of self-government and it should ?enjoy substantial autonomy within the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia?. This institutional development is aimed at establishing constructive cooperation among various ethnic communities in order to build a common democratic state. Since this solution is not quite legally balanced, it could not go without any negative consequences in terms of national sovereignty. The suspension of sovereignty of the Republic of Serbia in Kosovo and Metohija has eventually contributed to creating of the conditions for the socalled unilateral declaration of independence of the Republic of Kosovo. The analysis of the activities undertaken in the field of resolving the status issue after the unilateral declaration of independence of 17 February 2008 suggests that the solution for the Kosovo and Metohija should be primarily sought within the United Nations system.

A Note on the ICJ Advisory Opinion on Kosovo

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 867-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Muharremi
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Advisory Opinion ◽  
International Court Of Justice ◽  
Declaration Of Independence ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
International Court ◽  
Unilateral Declaration ◽  
The Icj

On 22 July 2010, the International Court of Justice (hereinafter the “ICJ”) delivered its advisory opinion on the accordance with international law of the unilateral declaration of independence in respect of Kosovo. The ICJ concluded that the declaration of independence dated 17 February 2008 did not violate any applicable rule of international law consisting of general international law, UNSC resolution 1244 (1999) (hereinafter the “Resolution 1244”) and the Constitutional Framework for Provisional Self-Government in Kosovo (hereinafter the “Constitutional Framework”). The ICJ delivered the advisory opinion in response to a question set out in resolution 63/3 dated 8 October 2008 of the General Assembly of the United Nations Organization (hereinafter the “General Assembly”), which asked if “the unilateral declaration of independence by the Provisional Institutions of Self-Government of Kosovo is in accordance with international law.”

MR ATTORNEY GENERAL AND THE POLITICIANS

1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. MELIKAN
Keyword(s):  
Attorney General ◽  
House Of Commons ◽  
Professional Advancement ◽  
Stepping Stone ◽  
Significant Obstacle ◽  
The Government ◽  
Georgian England ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Reliable Path ◽  
Hostile Attitude

This article looks at the relationship between professional and political aspiration in Georgian England by examining the office of attorney general during the period 1714–1810. It argues that while the office offered a unique opportunity for a lawyer to combine a legal and political career, this was a formidable task and one rarely achieved. The generally hostile attitude toward lawyers in the house of commons was a significant obstacle. More important, however, were the complex and potentially conflicting expectations associated with the office of attorney. The relationship with the government was an awkward balance of loyalty and remoteness, whereby the attorney was encouraged to regard fellow ministers both as colleagues and as clients. Moreover, he owed a duty to parliament that was independent of, but inevitably linked to, his obligations to the crown. As a consequence of these various pressures attorneys tended to remain aloof from politics and interested primarily in their own professional advancement. The office of attorney general was less the stepping-stone to ministerial office than the reliable path to the bench.

Two Petty Perpetuity Puzzles

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-291
Author(s):  
M. J. Prichard
Keyword(s):  
Attorney General ◽  
House Of Commons ◽  
Judicial Decision ◽  
Wait And See ◽  
To Come

The Perpetuities and Accumulations Act 1964 might have been devised to please examiners. The promise of the Attorney-General to the House of Commons, on the Second Reading of the Bill, that “there will be plenty of caviar for those who have the privilege of attending to these fascinating problems” has proved true, not only for those whom the Attorney-General had in mind, but for students too. Moreover, they have to dissect the statute without hope of assistance from the courts for many years to come; for the fact that the Act applies only to instruments taking effect after 15 July 1964, coupled with the “wait and see” rule, renders (validly) remote the likelihood of judicial decision on some of its more stimulating provisions.

I. INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE, ACCORDANCE WITH INTERNATIONAL LAW OF THE UNILATERAL DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE IN RESPECT OF KOSOVO, ADVISORY OPINION OF 22 JULY 2010

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 799-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dov Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Advisory Opinion ◽  
International Court Of Justice ◽  
Declaration Of Independence ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
International Court ◽  
Unilateral Declaration ◽  
The Icj

‘Is the unilateral declaration of independence by the Provisional Institutions of Self-Government of Kosovo in accordance with international law?’ It is to answer this question that the General Assembly of the United Nations (‘UNGA’) requested an advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice (‘ICJ’). The request, adopted in October 20081 and initially sponsored by Serbia, was triggered by the declaration of independence of Kosovo issued on the 17 February 2008.2 Some two years later, on the 22 July 2010, the ICJ delivered its Advisory Opinion.3 By a 10–4 vote, the ICJ found that the declaration of independence of Kosovo did not violate international law.

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