“Iustitia Christi” and “Iustitia Dei”: Luther and the Scholastic Doctrines of Justification

1966 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heiko A. Oberman
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
In Christ ◽  
Christian Thought ◽  
Catholic Tradition ◽  
The Middle Ages ◽  
Positive Evaluation

The ever-increasing respect for Luther among Roman Catholic theologians and historians of Christian thought is not only a sign of but also a significant contributing factor to contemporary ecumenical openness — especially so in Germany. Yet at the same time we should realize that this more positive evaluation of Luther is based on the conviction that the reformer was born under the star of heresy. While it is granted that he articulated the biblical message of sin, grace and forgiveness in Christ within the context of the late medieval nominalism in which he was reared, it is exactly this context which is regarded as essentially a-catholic or even as anti-catholic to the extent that it obstructed Luther's grasp of the full and true catholic tradition in the Middle Ages. Therefore, from the very beginning, access to the specifically Catholic tradition had been denied to Luther.

John Calvin: Catholic Theologian

Ecclesiology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Lane
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
New Testament ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
John Calvin ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
Catholic Tradition ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Middle Ages ◽  
The Way

AbstractCalvin began by affirming the Catholicity of the Church, but such positive affirmations become rarer as he grew older. By contrast, he more and more frequently rejects the claims of the Roman Church to Catholicity. The change is provoked by the barrage of claims to Catholicity that Calvin faced from his opponents, together with the claim that the Reformers had abandoned it. This made Calvin less enthusiastic about using the word for himself, thus pointing the way towards the eventual development where Catholic came to mean Roman Catholic. Calvin accepted the Catholic canon of the New Testament, though without ever explaining the basis for this. He appealed to the early Catholic tradition (most especially Augustine) for support, though he was not uncritical of it. The Church had declined from the truth during the Middle Ages and the true Church remained but had lost outward form.

scholarly journals Od Lopsike do Svetoga Jurja: 700 godina od prvoga prikaza Sv. Jurja na geografskim kartama

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-202
Author(s):  
Mithad Kozličić
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Mountain Pass ◽  
Historical Source ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
First Order ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Coastal Settlement ◽  
The Middle Ages

This paper offers an analysis, based on original cartographic material as a historical source of the first order, of the significance of the settlement situated in the position of today’s Sveti Juraj near Senj as a nexus of overseas and hinterland commerce. It is regarded as a coastal settlement, which entails a port that is a connection between the circulation between merchant goods from the hinterland towards other overseas destinations, as well as goods which arrived by sea traffic in order to be transported to the hinterland market. In that regard it is important that above Senj a mountain pass (Vratnik) is located by which Velebit is traversed. The notorious Bura, however, which shortened the season of navigation, is also a factor. Considering that in antiquity Lopsica was situated there, and that in the Middle Ages Sveti Juraj would mature, it was deemed interesting to consider the shift in the two names of the settlement. For this reason, the problem is examined here up to the Late Medieval era, as later attestations are present on almost all of the available cartographic works of world-famous cartographers. This paper was written in celebration of the 700th anniversary of the affirmation of Sveti Juraj near Senj as a settlement and port in the most important historical cartographic sources.

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