International Refugee Organization

1947 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-360
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
United Nations ◽  
The United States ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
United Nations General ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
United Nations General Assembly ◽  
To Come

In December 1946, the United Nations General Assembly voted to submit to member countries the draft constitution of the International Refugee Organization, the provisions of which stipulated that the IRO was to come into existence after acceptance by fifteen countries, whose contributions would provide at least 75 per cent of its operational budget. By February, 1947, eleven governments had signed the Constitution, pending subsequent ratification for effective participation: Canada, Dominican Republic, France, Guatemala, Honduras, Liberia, the Netherlands, Norway, the Philippine Republic, the United Kingdom and the United States.

The Intent to Destroy Groups in the Genocide Convention: The Proposed U.S. Understanding

1984 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence J. LeBlanc
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Foreign Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Genocide Convention ◽  
United Nations General ◽  
United Nations General Assembly ◽  
The United Nations

The United Nations General Assembly adopted the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (the Genocide Convention) in December 1948. A representative of the United States signed the Convention, and President Truman later transmitted it to the Senate with a request that it give its advice and consent to ratification. The Senate Foreign Relations Committee held hearings on the Convention in 1950. It has since held hearings on four occasions (1970, 1971, 1977 and 1981), and favorably reported the Convention to the Senate four times (1970, 1971, 1973 and 1976). However, the Senate has failed to act; a resolution of ratification was debated on the floor in 1973-1974, but it fell victim to a filibuster and the Convention remains in committee.

The Soviet Union, the United States and International Security

1949 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph E. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Organization ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
International Peace ◽  
United Nations General ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
United Nations General Assembly

It is now three years since the United Nations General Assembly first convened in London, and over five years since the governments of the United States, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union and China announced at the first Moscow Conference their recognition of “the necessity of establishing at the earliest practicable date a general international organization … for the maintenance of international peace and security.”

The Nonproliferation Treaty: Its Negotiation and Prospects

1969 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 788-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. M. Burns
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Nuclear Weapons ◽  
Arms Control ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
United Nations General ◽  
General Assembly Resolution ◽  
United Nations General Assembly

The Eighteen-Nation Committee on Disarmament (ENDC) devoted its major efforts from the endof July 1965 until April 1968 to negotiating the Treaty on the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons, spending little time on other arms control measures in the sessions throughout this period. In May 1968 the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics jointly presented the draft treaty to the First (Political and Security) Committee of the United Nations General Assembly. After lengthy debate and acceptance of several amendments to meet the wishes of nonnuclear states the Treaty reached its final form on May 21, 1968, and was “commended” in General Assembly Resolution 2373 (XXII) of June 12, 1968.

Changing Patterns in the Voting Success of Member States in the United Nations General Assembly: 1945–1966

1969 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward T. Rowe
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Nations ◽  
The United States ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
United Nations General ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
United Nations General Assembly ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The One ◽  
New Situation

In recent years considerable concern has been expressed in the United States over the changing composition of the United Nations membership and the failure of the one-state, one-vote formula in the General Assembly to reflect the actual power and significance of the different United Nations Members. “Malapportionment” as such is frequently not the issue here, for whether one looks at population, wealth, or budget assessments the United Nations General Assembly has always been “malapportioned.” And, at least in terms of population, the United Nations is no more malapportioned now than it was in 1945. Rather than a concern with a new situation, the growing emphasis on this issue is often a reflection of the fear that malapportionment will now operate to the disadvantage of the United States; that is, the ”overrepresented” states of today may not be as closely associated with the United States as the ”overrepresented” states of the past.

U.S. Provisional Application of the 1994 Deep Seabed Agreement

1994 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan I. Charney
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Nations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Provisional Application ◽  
United Nations General ◽  
United Nations General Assembly ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Do So

On July 28, 1994, the United States voted at the United Nations General Assembly in favor of a resolution endorsing the new Agreement that essentially amends the deep seabed regime (Part XI) of the 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea and calls on states to ratify the Convention. Shortly thereafter, it signed the new Agreement. Plans call for the Convention to be submitted to the Senate for its advice and consent to ratification in October 1994 and for hearings to be held during the next Congress in the spring of 1995. By signing the Agreement, the United States will provisionally apply the deep seabed regime, as amended, until the United States becomes a party to the Convention or decides not to do so. In this paper I examine whether such provisional application is appropriate under the U.S. system of government.

The United States, the United Nations, and the Cold War

1971 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward T. Rowe
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cold War ◽  
United Nations ◽  
The United States ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
United Nations General ◽  
Political Relationships ◽  
United Nations General Assembly ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Cold War

The nature of political relationships in the United Nations is of considerable interest to students of international organization and, to a lesser degree, to students of international politics. One important aspect of this question concerns the extent to which Western states as a group and the United States in particular dominate the organization. In their examination of this issue many authors contend that the United States prevailed over the United Nations General Assembly during the assembly's earliest years but progressively lost its control as the membership of the organization increased. Their findings, with some variations in detail, indicate that prior to the first significant membership increase in 1955 the United States, with an automatic two-thirds majority in the General Assembly, was dominant. In their view the United States position from 1955 through 1959 was considerably weakened but remained strong enough to ensure favorable decisions by the organization. With further increases in membership during and after 1960, however, they suggest that United States predominance came to an end. Now the newer, less developed, and nonaligned states determine the character and concerns of the UN.

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