scholarly journals A non-specific complement-fixing system in foot-and-mouth disease and experiments on the absorption of heterologous antibody from serum

1956 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Brooksby ◽  
S. Erichsen
Keyword(s):  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Heterologous Antibody

Stored mixtures of the virus and corresponding antisera in foot-and-mouth disease have equal complement-fixing activity whether they are prepared from virus and serum of homologous or heterologous types. On ultracentrifugation the complement-fixing activity is removed from the mixture and the remaining antibody is more sharply type-specific in routine complement-fixation tests than the original serum.

scholarly journals Titration of the virus of foot-and-mouth disease in culture

1954 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Brooksby ◽  
Ella Wardle
Keyword(s):  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Complement Fixation Test ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Virus Multiplication ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Fixation Test ◽  
Epithelial Tissue ◽  
Foot And Mouth

A technique is presented for the titration of the virus of foot-and-mouth disease in culture in surviving epithelial tissue from the tongues of cattle. The cultures are incubated in cups on Perspex plates, and the detection of virus multiplication is by a complement-fixation test made on the culture in each cup.On the basis of comparative titrations in culture and in cattle, the method has been found to be as sensitive for the detection of virus as the titration by intradermal inoculation of the tongue of cattle. The method can also be applied in the detection of antibody in neutralization tests.We wish to record our thanks to Messrs E. Scoates and P. Mitchell for their technical assistance, and to Messrs H. M. Smith, R. H. Compton and R. L. Jackson for their part in the design and fabrication of various bottle rotators, plate shakers, Perspex lids and the inoculating box.

scholarly journals In vitro comparison of foot-and-mouth disease virus subtype variants causing disease in vaccinated cattle

1978 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Anderson ◽  
W. J. Doughty ◽  
J. Anderson ◽  
D. Baber
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Vaccine Strain ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Radial Immunodiffusion ◽  
Antibody Concentration ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth

SummaryFoot-and-mouth disease virus isolates of types O, A and SAT 2, from diseased animals in herds routinely vaccinated twice a year were compared antigenically with the vaccine strains in the complement-fixation, neutralization and radial immunodiffusion tests. It was found that strains which had readily infected vaccinated cattle had R values against the vaccine strain in the complement- fixation and radial immunodiffusion tests of 30 or less, while strains causing primary outbreaks with little spread had R values of 30–40. Threefold differences in humoral neutralizing antibody concentration between the field variant and the vaccine strain in sera from vaccinated animals were likely to be significant in terms of protection.

scholarly journals Differential diagnosis of vesicular stomatitis and foot-and-mouth disease. Examination of virus samples from Mexico with special reference to complement fixation

1949 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 384-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Brooksby
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Complement Fixation Test ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
The Other ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis

The usefulness of the complement-fixation test in differential diagnosis between vesicular stomatitis and foot-and-mouth disease has been demonstrated on two ‘field’ specimens of virus from Mexico. Examples are given of the practical applications of the other methods for this differential diagnosis.

scholarly journals Application of the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay to the detection and identification of foot-and-mouth disease viruses

1979 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Crowther ◽  
E. M. E. Abu Elzein
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Specific Detection ◽  
Fmd Virus ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Foot And Mouth

An indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to the detection and identification of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus types. The test proved successful for the specific detection of virus from infected tissue culture, and from epithelial tissues from bovines suspected of having FMD. The ELISA compared favourably with the complement fixation (CF) test, being more sensitive and unaffected by anticomplementary factors.

scholarly journals The Reaction of Complement Fixation in Foot-and-Mouth Disease as a means of identifying the Different Types of Virus

1929 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ciuca
Keyword(s):  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
The Other ◽  
Passive Immunisation ◽  
Active Immunity ◽  
Satisfactory Method ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Foot And Mouth

Notwithstanding several efforts, a satisfactory method of serological diagnosis of foot-and-mouth disease has not been arrived at. This uncertainty of serological methods delayed the discovery of the plurality of type of the virus, although the observations of epizootics and the irregular results obtained by active and passive immunisation suggested multiplicity of type. Stimulated by such observations, Vallée and Carré (1922) experimented with two viruses of foot-and-mouth disease, one of which was of German and the other of French origin. They were able to show by experimental infection, confirmed by subsequent testing for active immunity, that cases of foot-and-mouth disease with the same clinical course and symptoms could be caused by two distinct types of virus. These they called A (Allemand) and O (Oise). The only difference between these two types was their inability to produce reciprocal immunity. The existence of more than one type of virus has been confirmed in England by Stockman and Minett (1926), and by Bedson, Maitland and Burbury (1927); in Germany, by Waldmann and Trautwein (1926), and Trautwein (1927); in France, by Lebailly (1926), Olitsky (1927), and in Sweden, by Magnusson and Hermansson (1926).

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