The rediscovery of malaria parasites of ungulates

Parasitology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 143 (12) ◽  
pp. 1501-1508 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS J. TEMPLETON ◽  
ELLEN MARTINSEN ◽  
MORAKOT KAEWTHAMASORN ◽  
OSAMU KANEKO
Keyword(s):  
Water Buffalo ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Malaria Parasites ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Capra Aegagrus ◽  
Asian Water ◽  
Anopheline Mosquitoes

SUMMARYOver a hundred years since their first description in 1913, the sparsely described malaria parasites (genus Plasmodium) of ungulates have been rediscovered using molecular typing techniques. In the span of weeks, three studies have appeared describing the genetic characterization and phylogenetic analyses of malaria parasites from African antelope (Cephalophus spp.) and goat (Capra aegagrus hircus), Asian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis), and North American white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Here we unify the contributions from those studies with the literature on pre-molecular characterizations of ungulate malaria parasites, which are largely based on surveys of Giemsa-reagent stained blood smears. We present a phylogenetic tree generated from all available ungulate malaria parasite sequence data, and show that parasites from African duiker antelope and goat, Asian water buffalo and New World white-tailed deer group together in a clade, which branches early in Plasmodium evolution. Anopheline mosquitoes appear to be the dominant, if not sole vectors for parasite transmission. We pose questions for future phylogenetic studies, and discuss topics that we hope will spur further molecular and cellular studies of ungulate malaria parasites.

The genus Phillipsia from China and Thailand

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 316 (2) ◽  
pp. 138 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANUSHA H. EKANAYAKA ◽  
D. J. BHAT ◽  
KEVIN D. HYDE ◽  
E. B. GARETH JONES ◽  
QI ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species

The genus Phillipsia (Sarcoscyphaceae) is characterized by large, bright-coloured, sub-stipitate apothecia, sub-operculate asci and asymmetrical ascospores with longitudinal striations. Morphological and phylogenetic studies were carried out on new collections of Phillipsia from China and Thailand. Phillipsia subpurpurea are recorded from China and Phillipsia gelatinosa from Thailand is introduced as a new species to science. Our new collections are confirmed to be divergent from other species of Phillipsia based on morphological examination and molecular phylogenetic analyses of ITS and LSU sequence data. Descriptions and figures are provided for the taxa which are also compared with allied taxa.

Genetic variation within and relationships among populations of Asian water buffalo ( Bubalus bubalis )

1997 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
J S F Barker ◽  
S G Tan ◽  
O S Selvaraj ◽  
T K Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Water Buffalo ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Asian Water

scholarly journals A guide to carrying out a phylogenomic target sequence capture project

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Andermann ◽  
Maria Fernanda Torres Jimenez ◽  
Pável Matos-Maraví ◽  
Romina Batista ◽  
José L Blanco-Pastor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Target Sequence ◽  
Sequence Capture ◽  
Large Sets ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Target Capture ◽  
Whole Genomes ◽  
High Throughput Dna Sequencing

High-throughput DNA sequencing techniques enable time- and cost-effective sequencing of large portions of the genome. Instead of sequencing and annotating whole genomes, many phylogenetic studies focus sequencing efforts on large sets of pre-selected loci, which further reduces costs and bioinformatic challenges while increasing sequencing depth. One common approach that enriches loci before sequencing is often referred to as target sequence capture. This technique has been shown to be applicable to phylogenetic studies of greatly varying evolutionary depth and has proven to produce powerful, large multi-locus DNA sequence datasets of selected loci, suitable for phylogenetic analyses. However, target capture requires careful theoretical and practical considerations, which will greatly affect the success of the experiment. Here we provide an easy-to-follow flowchart for adequately designing phylogenomic target capture experiments, and we discuss necessary considerations and decisions from the first steps in the lab to the final bioinformatic processing of the sequence data. We particularly discuss issues and challenges related to the taxonomic scope, sample quality, and available genomic resources of target capture projects and how these issues affect all steps from bait design to the bioinformatic processing of the data. Altogether this review outlines a roadmap for future target capture experiments and is intended to assist researchers with making informed decisions for designing and carrying out successful phylogenetic target capture studies

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of Asian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis ): mitochondrial DNA D-loop and cytochrome b sequence variation

1998 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Lau ◽  
R. D. Drinkwater ◽  
K. Yusoff ◽  
S. G. Tan ◽  
D. J. S. Hetzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Cytochrome B ◽  
Sequence Variation ◽  
Water Buffalo ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
D Loop ◽  
Asian Water

Seasonal movements and site utilisation by Asian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in tropical savannas and floodplains of northern Australia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamish A. Campbell ◽  
David A. Loewensteiner ◽  
Brett P. Murphy ◽  
Stewart Pittard ◽  
Clive R. McMahon
Keyword(s):  
Water Buffalo ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Tropical Savannas ◽  
Seasonal Movements ◽  
Asian Water

A new species of the genus Achalinus (Squamata: Xenodermatidae) from southeastern Yunnan Province, China

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4860 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-128
Author(s):  
KE LI ◽  
MIN YU ◽  
YA-YONG WU ◽  
LIN-HONG LIAO ◽  
KUI TANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Single Male ◽  
Male Specimen ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the xenodermatid snake genus Achalinus Peters, 1869 is described from Yunnan Province, Southwest China, based on a single male specimen. The new species is assigned to the genus Achalinus on the basis of absence of preocular and postocular, subcaudals arranged in single row, and results of phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial DNA CO1 sequence data. Achalinus pingbianensis sp. nov. differs from its congeners by the combination of following morphological characters: absence of a loreal, internasals subequal to that between prefrontals and dorsal scales strongly keeled, 23 rows throughout. Currently, 13 species are in the genus Achalinus, further taxonomical and phylogenetic studies based on more extensive samples and more markers will help understand the cryptic diversity and clarify their interspecific relationships. 

FatalTheileria orientalisN2 genotype infection among Asian water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in a commercial dairy farm in Kerala, India

Parasitology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
KULANGARA VINODKUMAR ◽  
VARIKKOTTIL SHYMA ◽  
DAVIS KOLLANNUR JUSTIN ◽  
SIVASAILAM ASHOK ◽  
JOSEPH PARASSERY ANU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Lymphocytic Infiltration ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Theileria Orientalis ◽  
Water Buffaloes ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Asian Water

SUMMARYFifteen dairy buffaloes of a farm in the state of Kerala, India developed fatal oriental theileriosis within 2 months of their procurement. Typical piroplasms ofTheileria orientaliswere observed in the erythrocytes of all affected animals by Giemsa–Leishman staining of blood smears. Case fatality rate was 87·5% (seven out of eight) in the clinically progressed cases. Therapeutic management with anti-theilerial drugs buparvaquone and oxytetracycline led to recovery of seven other animals in less advanced stages of the disease. The aim of this study was to determine the reasons for increased virulence of this pathogen, hitherto considered to be benign. Acute haemolytic anaemia was the predominant haematological finding in the affected animals. Lymphocytic infiltration and degeneration of vital organs leading to functional derangement was the cause of the high mortality. Identification ofT. orientaliswas confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). DNA sequencing of the PCR products revealed close identity with already reported sequences ofT. orientalis/buffeliN2 genotype. The sequences were deposited in GenBank with accession number KM609973 and KM043772.Rhipicephalusticks, previously not reported as vectors for oriental theileriosis, were identified as the potential vectors. This is the first report of fatal oriental theileriosis in Asian water buffaloes.

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