scholarly journals Investigation of the Motion of Periodic Comet Giacobini-Zinner and the Origin of the Draconid Meteor Showers of 1926, 1933 and 1946

1972 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 173-180
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Evdokimov
Keyword(s):  
Meteor Shower ◽  
Meteor Showers ◽  
Orbital Elements ◽  
Periodic Comet

Orbital elements of P/Giacobini-Zinner have been obtained from 577 observations at the eight apparitions 1900 to 1965 by linking apparitions in pairs. By this technique we established that the comet has a nongravitational secular deceleration amounting, on the average, to 0.081 day/(period)2. As a result of the comet's approach to Jupiter in 1969, a return of the Draconid meteor shower is possible on 1972 October 8d15h45m UT. The 1946 meteor shower was due to meteoroids ejected forward along the orbit of the comet in 1940 with velocities of 14 m s- 1. The meteor showers of 1933 and 1926 were apparently produced by meteoroids ejected in 1900 with velocities of 15.0 m s- 1 forward and 14.5 m s- 1 backward, respectively.

Meteor Showers: which ones are real and where do they come from?

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (H16) ◽  
pp. 142-142
Author(s):  
Peter Jenniskens
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Meteor Shower ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Meteor Showers ◽  
Orbital Elements ◽  
Meteoroid Streams ◽  
Zodiacal Cloud ◽  
History Of ◽  
To Receive

AbstractThe IAU Meteor Shower Working List contains 369 showers, of which only 64 are considered established (per February 28, 2012). In this invited review, we will give an overview of international efforts to validate the remaining showers. We report on the showers that were validated in this triennium and proposed to receive the predicate “established" at the present General Assembly. The meteoroid orbit surveys characterize the meteoroid streams in terms of orbital elements and their dispersions, which is ground truth for efforts to identify their parent comets, study the fragmentation history of the (mostly dormant) comet population in the inner solar system, and understand the origin of the zodiacal cloud.

scholarly journals Is the near-Earth asteroid 2000 PG3 an extinct comet?

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (S236) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
Pulat B. Babadzhanov ◽  
Iwan P. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Cometary Nucleus ◽  
Meteor Shower ◽  
Published Data ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Meteor Showers ◽  
Orbital Elements ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Gravitational Action ◽  
Earth Asteroid ◽  
Secular Variations

AbstractThe existence of an observed meteor shower associated with some Near-Earth Asteroid (NEA) is one of the few useful criteria that can be used to indicate that such an object could be a candidate for being regarded as an extinct or dormant cometary nucleus. In order to identify possible new NEA-meteor showers associations, the secular variations of the orbital elements of the NEA 2000 PG3, with comet-like albedo (0.02), and moving on a comet-like orbit, was investigated under the gravitational action of the Sun and six planets (Mercury to Saturn) over one cycle of variation of the argument of perihelion. The theoretical geocentric radiants and velocities of four possible meteor showers associated with this object are determined. Using published data, the theoretically predicted showers were identified with the night-time September Northern and Southern δ-Piscids fireball showers and several fireballs, and with the day-time meteor associations γ-Arietids and α-Piscids. The character of the orbit and low albedo of 2000 PG3, and the existence of observed meteor showers associated with 2000 PG3 provide evidence supporting the conjecture that this object may be of cometary nature.

scholarly journals Metal concentrations in the upper atmosphere during meteor showers

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 909-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Correira ◽  
A. C. Aikin ◽  
J. M. Grebowsky ◽  
J. P. Burrows
Keyword(s):  
Mass Flux ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Meteor Shower ◽  
Meteor Showers ◽  
Vertical Column ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Theoretical Mass ◽  
Measuring Experiment ◽  
Dependent Mass ◽  
Temporal Profiles

Abstract. Using the nadir-viewing Global Ozone Measuring Experiment (GOME) UV/VIS spectrometer on the ERS-2 satellite, we investigate short term variations in the vertical magnesium column densities in the atmosphere and any connection to possible enhanced mass deposition during a meteor shower. Time-dependent mass influx rates are derived for all the major meteor showers using published estimates of mass density and temporal profiles of meteor showers. An average daily sporadic background mass flux rate is also calculated and used as a baseline against which calculated shower mass flux rates are compared. These theoretical mass flux rates are then compared with GOME derived metal vertical column densities of Mg and Mg+ from the years 1996–2001. There is no correlation between theoretical mass flux rates and changes in the Mg and Mg+ metal column densities. A possible explanation for the lack of a shower related increase in metal concentrations may be differences in the mass regimes dominating the average background mass flux and shower mass flux.

scholarly journals Metal concentrations in the upper atmosphere during meteor showers

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 18705-18726
Author(s):  
J. Correira ◽  
A. C. Aikin ◽  
J. M. Grebowsky ◽  
J. P. Burrows
Keyword(s):  
Mass Flux ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Meteor Shower ◽  
Meteor Showers ◽  
Vertical Column ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Theoretical Mass ◽  
Measuring Experiment ◽  
Dependent Mass ◽  
Temporal Profiles

Abstract. Using the nadir-viewing Global Ozone Measuring Experiment (GOME) UV/VIS spectrometer on the ERS-2 satellite, we investigate short term variations in the vertical magnesium column densities in the atmosphere and any connection to possible enhanced mass deposition during a meteor shower. Time-dependent mass influx rates are derived for all the major meteor showers using published estimates of mass density and temporal profiles of meteor showers. An average daily sporadic background mass flux rate is also calculated and used as a baseline against which calculated shower mass flux rates are compared. These theoretical mass flux rates are then compared with GOME derived metal vertical column densities of Mg and Mg+ from the years 1996–2001. There is no correlation between theoretical mass flux rates and changes in the Mg and Mg+ metal column densities. A possible explanation for the lack of a shower related increase in metal concentrations may be differences in the mass regimes dominating the average background mass flux and shower mass flux.

The structure of meteor streams associated with Comet Halley: Eta Aquarids and Orionids

1974 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 309-311
Author(s):  
Anton Hajduk
Keyword(s):  
Density Distribution ◽  
Meteor Shower ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Orbital Elements ◽  
Statistical Point ◽  
Radar Observations ◽  
Meteor Streams ◽  
Stream Structure ◽  
Comet Halley ◽  
Radar Meteor

The association of Comet Halley with the Orionid and Eta Aquarid meteor streams is not commonly accepted at present. Southworth (1961) has determined the differences in the orbital elements of the Orionid stream and Comet Halley on the basis of 19 photographic meteors and found them to be rather large.Extensive observational material obtained since the beginning of this century, including a homogeneous series of the radar observations, carried out at the Springhill Meteor Observatory during the periods of the Orionid meteor shower activity in 1957–1967 has been used by the author (Hajduk 1971) to study the stream structure and its association with Comet Halley from a statistical point of view.The present analysis is an extension of the paper mentioned, based mainly on the radar observations of the Eta Aquarid meteor shower carried out at the Springhill Observatory during the period 1958–67. The total number of 240,000 radar meteor echoes observed in 670 hours between May 1 and May 10 during each of the years previously cited was used in this investigation. The observed variations in the hourly rates of echoes of different duration enable us to study the density distribution and size distribution of meteoric particles along and across the stream.

scholarly journals 33. Meteor shower mass distribution from radar echo counts

1968 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 352-361
Author(s):  
W. G. Elford
Keyword(s):  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Meteor Shower ◽  
Inverse Power ◽  
Meteor Showers ◽  
Power Flux ◽  
Wide Aperture ◽  
Radar Echoes ◽  
Radar Echo

Theoretical hourly rates of radar echoes from meteor showers observed with narrow- and wide-aperture systems are calculated in terms of equipment parameters and the distribution of the number of meteors as a function of mass. From a comparison of the echo rates in selected range intervals, it is shown that it is possible to determine the value of the exponent in a simple inverse power flux law.The effect on the echo rate of a change in the value of the exponent in the flux law with magnitude is described and the probability of detecting showers at different stations is discussed.It is suggested that simple radar echo counts in several range intervals can be used to determine the mass distribution of meteor showers over a range of two or three magnitudes above the limiting magnitude of the system. The analysis is applied to some observations made at Christchurch and Ottawa.

scholarly journals A robust method to identify meteor showers new parent bodies from the SonotaCo and EDMOND meteoroid orbit databases

2019 ◽  
Vol 622 ◽  
pp. A84 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Guennoun ◽  
J. Vaubaillon ◽  
D. Čapek ◽  
P. Koten ◽  
Z. Benkhaldoun
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Test ◽  
High Threshold ◽  
Meteor Showers ◽  
Orbital Elements ◽  
International Astronomical Union ◽  
Random Coincidence ◽  
International Astronomical ◽  
Chance Occurrence ◽  
Rigorous Method ◽  
Orbit Data

Context. Several new meteor showers are added to the International Astronomical Union (IAU) list of meteor showers every year. Given the multiplication of video meteor measurements new parent bodies are to be found in addition to new showers. Such an endeavor is usually performed by comparing orbital elements, using a high threshold single-linking Dsh-criterion. However, questions remain about the accuracy of the method and the veracity of the newly associated parent bodies. Aims. Our goal is to find the presence of new parent bodies in a statistical meaningful way. Methods. A search for parent bodies was performed among SonotaCo and EDMOND databases. The association of asteroids with meteors was based on different methods, discussed and compared below. In addition, a thorough statistical test was performed in order to investigate the possible random associations. Results. A list of potential new parent bodies associated with at least 50 meteors is found. A statistical test was used to show whether the group of meteor orbits and the asteroid is a random coincidence or not. Out of 54 potential new parent bodies, only three new parent bodies are not excluded by the statistical test: 2014 BN14, 2015 TX24 and 2015 QT3, with a probability of chance occurrence of 37, 10 and 13%, respectively. This shows the need for rigorous method when searching for the existence of meteor showers and parent bodies. Conclusions. Ideally, such a test (or even better, tests) should be conducted in order to confirm (or not) the current IAU list of meteor showers. Similarly, all meteor orbit data in our databases should ideally be revisited using the latest methods providing a better estimate of the real uncertainty and accuracy of the derived orbits.

scholarly journals Periodic Comet Tempel-Tuttle and the Leonid Meteor Shower

1972 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 200-202
Author(s):  
E. D. Kondrat'Eva
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Integration ◽  
Meteor Shower ◽  
Computer Programme ◽  
Leonid Meteor Shower ◽  
Periodic Comet

P/Tempel-Tuttle, the comet associated with the Leonid meteor shower, was observed at only two of its last four passages through perihelion, in 1865–1866 and 1965. We have re-reduced the observations in 1865–1866, and with the help of Belyaev's computer programme for numerical integration have linked the two apparitions.

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