Two Epidemics of Pseudobacteremia Due to Staphylococcus aureus and Aerococcus viridans

1980 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 321-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin L. Spivack ◽  
Robert Shannon ◽  
George A. Natsios ◽  
Jan Wood
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Skin Infection ◽  
Blood Culture Bottle ◽  
Nasal Colonization ◽  
Culture Bottle ◽  
Blood Culture System ◽  
Aerococcus Viridans ◽  
Staphyloccus Aureus

AbstractTwo epidemics of pseudobacteremia are reported. The first, due to Staphyloccus aureus, was caused by a physician who had active staphylococcal skin infection and nasal colonization. Because the blood culture system in use at the time was open, and used screw cap bottles, we assume that the physician contaminated the bottles at the time of inoculation. The second outbreak, caused by Aerococcus viridans, was traced to contamination of the blood culture bottle tops as they were received from the manufacturer. We assume that there was inadequate disinfection of the bottle tops by the physicians prior to their use.

Comparison of roche blood culture bottle with an in-house conventional blood culture system

Pathology ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-101
Author(s):  
R.T.J. Phua ◽  
O.F. Lawrence ◽  
G.R. Douglass ◽  
H.K. Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Blood Culture Bottle ◽  
Culture Bottle ◽  
Blood Culture System

Rat-Bite Fever: Updated Recommendations For Culture And Isolation Of Streptobacillus Moniliformis Using An Automated Continuous Blood Culture Instrument In A Clinical Setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S132-S132
Author(s):  
A M Szewc ◽  
M E Bell ◽  
A J Kelly ◽  
J R McQuiston
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Culture Bottle ◽  
Blood Culture System ◽  
Streptobacillus Moniliformis ◽  
Rat Bite Fever ◽  
Time Required

Abstract Introduction/Objective Rat-bite fever and Haverhill fever are difficult to diagnose in a clinical setting due mostly to clinicians and laboratory professionals being unable to culture the causative agent-Streptobacillus moniliformis. SPS in blood culture bottles has historically been implicated as the complicating factor. Methods Utilizing the BDFX40 automated continuous blood culture bottle system and novel quantitative PCR data, we present how blood volume is critical in order to consistently detect, isolate and grow the organism in the presence of SPS using modern laboratory instrumentation in a clinical setting. Results We demonstrate here that 10ml of blood was determined to provide optimal results for detection and growth of S. moniliformis in 0.05% SPS. For all isolates tested, 100% (n=56) were detected or alerted as positive by the instrument, with the longest time required for detection being 102 hours (n=1) and the fastest time to detection being recorded at 13.4 hours. (n=1) with an average time of 26.5 hours (n=56). Conclusion During the course of this study, we determined that blood inoculum volume played a significant role in organism growth and detection. We found that in 100% of the isolates tested (and all the variations of testing within), SPS (up to a concentration of 0.05% w/v) in blood culture media appeared to be counteracted, allowing for the growth detection and culturing of S. moniliformis using an automated continuous blood culture system when 10ml of blood was used as an inoculum. This is the first study to report and suggest that a specific blood volume is critical when utilizing a closed commercial blood culture system to detect S. moniliformis, this research is the largest study of Streptobacillus moniliformis isolates to date.

scholarly journals 292. Impact of the BACT/ALERT VIRTUO blood culture system in the management of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S145-S146
Author(s):  
Miguel A Chavez ◽  
Satish Munigala ◽  
Carey-Ann Burnham ◽  
David K Warren
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Median Time ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Source Control ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
Blood Culture System ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia ◽  
Time To Positivity ◽  
Implementation Period

Abstract Background Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) is a major cause of mortality. Recovery of SA may be enhanced with new blood culture systems resulting in a longer observed duration of bacteremia. Methods We performed a 24-month retrospective study of adults hospitalized with SAB at a 1250-bed academic hospital. Between 1/2018-12/2018 the VersaTREK system was used and 1/2019-12/2019 the BACT/ALERT VIRTUO (VIRTUO) system was used. We excluded patients without an Infectious Diseases (ID) consult. We defined SAB duration as short (1–2 days), intermediate (3–6 days), or prolonged (>7 days). We compared SAB detection and management pre- and post-implementation of VIRTUO. Results 456 patients had SAB during study period; 420 (92%) had ID consultation: 178 (42%) pre- and 242 (58%) post-implementation. Similar proportion of methicillin-resistant SAB was seen (44.9% pre- vs. 36.8% post-implementation, p=0.09). Post-implementation, patients were more likely to have intermediate (22.4% pre- vs. 40.1% post-implementation; p< 0.001) and prolonged SAB duration (3.9% pre- vs. 13.6% post-implementation; p< 0.001). Median time to positivity for the index blood culture was shorter (19.9 pre- vs. 15.0 hours post-implementation, p< 0.001). Dual anti-staphylococcal therapy was used more frequently in the post-implementation period (6.2% pre- vs. 15.7% post-implementation, p=0.003). No difference was noted in frequency of diagnostic studies (transesophageal echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography). Source control was similar (46.1% pre- vs. 45.0% post-implementation; p=0.84) but the median time to source-control was shorter post-implementation (4 pre- vs. 2 days post-implementation; p=0.02). Median planned duration of intravenous antibiotics did not vary between pre- and post-implementation periods (6 vs. 6 weeks, p=0.31). There was no difference in 90-day readmissions (38.2% pre- vs. 34.3% post-implementation; p=0.41). Conclusion VIRTUO blood culture system decreased time to positivity and increased frequency of prolonged SAB compared to the VersaTREK system. This resulted in increased use of dual anti-staphylococcal therapy and shorter time to source-control, but no difference in interventions, planned duration of antibiotics, or readmissions. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Clinical Significance of Staphylococcus aureus in a Single Positive Blood Culture Bottle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Raymond Go ◽  
Douglas Challener ◽  
Cristina Corsini Campioli ◽  
M Rizwan Sohail ◽  
Raj Palraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Positive Blood Culture ◽  
Blood Culture Bottle ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Culture Bottle ◽  
Single Positive ◽  
Clinically Significant

Abstract Clinical significance of a single positive blood culture bottle (SPBCB) with Staphylococcus aureus is unclear. We aimed to assess the significance of a SPBCB by looking at the associated outcomes. We performed a retrospective, multicenter study of patients with a SPBCB with S. aureus using data collected from both electronic health records and the clinical microbiology laboratory. Overall, 534 patients with S. aureus bacteremia were identified and 118 (22.1%) had a SPBCB. Among cases with a SPBCB, 106 (89.8%) were classified as clinically significant while 12 (10.2%) were considered contaminated or of unclear significance. A majority (92.4%) of patients received antibiotic therapy but patients with clinically significant bacteremia were treated with longer courses (25.9 vs 5.7 days, P<0.001). Significant differences in both frequency of echocardiography (65.1% vs 84.6%, P<0.001), and infective endocarditis diagnosis (3.8% vs 14.2%, P=0.002) were seen in those with a single positive blood culture bottle compared to those with multiple positive bottles. A longer hospital length of stay, and higher 90-day, 6-month, and 1-year mortality rates were seen in patients with multiple positive blood culture bottles. A SPBCB with S. aureus was common among our patients. While this syndrome has a more favorable prognosis as compared to those with multiple positive blood cultures, clinicians should remain concerned as it portends a risk of infective endocarditis and mortality.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Four Methods for Rapid Identification of Staphylococcus aureus from Blood Cultures

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 1032-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Speers ◽  
Thomas R. Olma ◽  
Gwendolyn L. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Culture Broth ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Blood Culture System ◽  
Variable Sensitivity ◽  
Rapid Tests ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

The identification of Staphylococcus aureus directly from blood cultures is clinically relevant, but it requires a test that is both rapid and reliable. Previously, biochemical, immunological, tube coagulase, and thermostable-endonuclease methods have shown variable sensitivity and specificity. Testing directly from blood culture broth has not been described for the latex kit Staphaurex Plus (Murex Diagnostics Ltd.), and the modified conventional tests have not been used with the newer, continuously monitored blood culture systems. In addition, the commercial RAPIDEC staph kit (bioMerieux Vitek, Inc.) has been used to detect S. aureus directly from the Vital blood culture system (bioMerieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France), but its performance has not been evaluated with other continuously monitored systems. A total of 201 clinical blood cultures (BACTEC 9240 culture system; Johnston Laboratories, Inc.) in which a Gram stain showed gram-positive cocci resembling staphylococci were evaluated prospectively. The Staphaurex Plus kit, the tube coagulase test, the thermostable-endonuclease test, and the RAPIDEC staph kit were compared. The sensitivities were 23, 92, 85, and 98% and the specificities were 99, 100, 93, and 100%, respectively. The RAPIDEC staph kit was the most reliable test, with a diagnostic accuracy comparable to that of the best published results for any of the rapid tests. However, it was the most expensive of the tests and relatively labor-intensive. The tube coagulase test was also sensitive, the simplest to perform, and inexpensive.

scholarly journals 6. Staphylococcus aureus in a Single Blood Culture Bottle: Should We be Concerned?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S5-S6
Author(s):  
John Raymond U Go ◽  
Douglas Challener ◽  
Cristina G Corsini Campioli ◽  
Muhammad R Sohail ◽  
Raj Palraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Positive Blood Culture ◽  
Laboratory Finding ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Blood Culture Bottle ◽  
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Culture Bottle ◽  
Clinically Significant

Abstract Background Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) is common and is characterized by high rates of morbidity and mortality. The clinical importance of a single positive blood culture bottle (SPBCB), however, is poorly defined despite it being a frequent laboratory finding. We therefore examined patients with SPBCB to determine its clinical significance and to understand the rationale of current practice. Methods We performed a retrospective, multicenter study of patients with a SPBCB for S. aureus in initial cultures from January 2019 to December 2019 using data collected from both electronic health records and the clinical microbiology laboratory. Results Overall, 534 patients with SAB were identified, and 118 (22.1%) had a SPBCB. Among SPBCB cases, 106 (89.3%) were classified as clinically significant while 12 were considered contaminated or of unclear clinical significance. Baseline characteristics were similar between the groups (Table 1). A majority (92.4%) received antibiotic therapy, but patients with clinically significant bacteremia were treated with a longer antibiotic course (25.9 vs 5.7 days, p< 0.001). Outcomes between those with SPBCB (contaminant vs clinically significant) were similar (Table 2). Of note, while there was no difference in use of echocardiography based on PREDICT criteria between the clinically significant SPBCB vs. the multiple positive blood culture bottles (MPBC) cohorts (Table 3), significant differences were seen in both frequency of echocardiography (65.1% vs. 84.6%, P< 0.001) and IE diagnosis (3.8% vs. 14.2%, P=0.002) for patients in the SPBCB vs. MPBC groups, respectively. In addition, those with MPBC had higher 90-day, 6-month and 1-year mortality rates. Conclusion SPBCB was documented in almost one-quarter of SAB cases and should trigger a thorough investigation as its associated mortality was high and complications, including IE, occurred. Although some SPBCB cases may represent contamination, antibiotic treatment of SPBCB was commonplace. Patients with clinically significant SPBCB were less likely to undergo echocardiography and had a reduced prevalence of an IE diagnosis as compared to those with MPBC. Patients with SPBCB may have a more favorable long-term prognosis as compared to that in patients with MPBC. Disclosures Muhammad R. Sohail, MD, Medtronic (Consultant)Philips (Consultant) Larry M. Baddour, MD, Boston Scientific (Individual(s) Involved: Self): Consultant; Botanix Pharmaceuticals (Individual(s) Involved: Self): Consultant; Roivant Sciences (Individual(s) Involved: Self): Consultant

Bacteraemia due to meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carrying the mecC gene in a patient with urothelial carcinoma

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 1914-1916 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Pilar Romero-Gómez ◽  
Marta Mora-Rillo ◽  
Fernando Lázaro-Perona ◽  
María Rosa Gómez-Gil ◽  
Jesús Mingorance
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Blood Culture Bottle ◽  
Culture Bottle ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Conventional Culture ◽  
Vitek 2

We present a case of bacteraemia due to meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carrying the mecC gene. The susceptibility to meticillin of Staphylococcus aureus was investigated directly from one blood culture bottle using GenomEra MRSA/SA (Abacus Diagnostica Oy) test. This test identified S. aureus but the presence of the mecA gene result was negative, and the isolate was reported as meticillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). Susceptibility studies were done using VITEK 2 AST-P588 susceptibility cards (bioMérieux). The strain was identified as MRSA by the VITEK 2 system, although oxacillin MIC was low (0.5 µg ml−1). In view of these results, the isolate was tested for the presence of the mecC gene by a specific PCR and was verified as MRSA carrying mecC. The emergence of this new mecA homologue could have important consequences for the detection of MRSA when routine PCR methods are used as an identification method or provisional detection of MRSA, as in the case reported in this article, because S. aureus carrying the mecC gene will be wrongly diagnosed as meticillin susceptible. Negative results must be interpreted with caution and should be followed by conventional culture, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing or detection of mecC gene by a specific PCR.

Mobile genetic elements responsible for discordant Staphylococcus aureus phenotypes and genotypes in the same blood culture bottle

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 115175
Author(s):  
Isabella A. Tickler ◽  
Richard V. Goering ◽  
Scott Dewell ◽  
Victoria M. Le ◽  
Leepakshi Johar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Mobile Genetic Elements ◽  
Blood Culture Bottle ◽  
Culture Bottle ◽  
Genetic Elements
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