Reproductive phenology of gingers in a lowland mixed dipterocarp forest in Borneo

Reproductive phenology of 117 individuals from a total of 20 ginger species (Costaceae and Zingiberaceae) was monitored for up to 21 mo in a lowland mixed dipterocarp forest in the Lambir Hills National Park, Sarawak. Of these 20 species of iteroparous perennials, pollinated by either spiderhunters (Nectariniidae), medium-sized Amegilla bees (Anthophoridae), or small halictid bees (Halictidae), many reproduced more than once a year, or flowered continuously with short interruptions. Significant but weak synchronization in flowering events among conspecific individuals was detected for only two species out of the five examined (Etlingera aff. metriocheilos and Amomum somniculosum). The low synchronization within the population, the overlapping flowering among species sharing common pollinators, and the high flowering frequency for each species, contrast markedly with the reproductive phenology of hummingbird-pollinated and large bee-pollinated plants of related taxa in the Neotropics. Although the plants studied do not include all members of each pollination guild, at least one species within a guild was flowering at any time except in the spiderhunter-pollinated guild. Some bee-pollinated gingers may serve as keystone species for survival of the traplining bees living on floral nectar and pollen.

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Foraging Behaviour of Three Sympatric Babblers (Family: Timaliidae)

Trends in Undergraduate Research ◽

10.33736/tur.2138.2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. a26-34

Author(s):

JONATHON JULIANA ◽

DENCY FLENNY GAWIN

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Foraging Behaviour ◽

Foraging Ecology ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Structural Complexity ◽

Foraging Strategies ◽

Dipterocarp Forest ◽

Fruit Orchard ◽

Disturbed Forest ◽

Mixed Dipterocarp Forest

We investigated the foraging ecology of three species of babblers in Kampung Gumbang, Kampung Padang Pan and Dered Krian National Park, Bau. Vegetation in Kampung Gumbang include tall trees, shrubs and patches of kerangas. Dered Kerian National Park consists of mixed dipterocarp forest and limestone forest, which is surrounded by orchards and few villages. In Kampung Padang Pan, the vegetation is a mixed fruit orchard and secondary forest. Foraging data were obtained to compare foraging behaviour in three species. From 133 observations, suspended dead leaves was the most frequently used substrate by the three species. Stachyris maculate showed the most general foraging behavior, and it adopted probing strategy. Cyanoderma erythropterum and Mixnornis gularis obtained food items by gleaning. These three babblers utilize different foraging strategies and substrates, irrespective of their resemblances in other characteristics. C. erythropterum and S. maculate forage mainly among dead and curled, twisted leaves in understory vegetation at significantly different heights. M. gularis forages on dead and living leaves and this species can be found abundantly in disturbed forest and plantation or farm habitats. All the three areas were observed never lacked falling leaves and structural complexity required as foraging substrates by those three babbler species. All three babblers occupy different foraging niches, and therefore interspecific competitions among themselves are minimized.

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Bats Assemblage and Lunar Phase Effect on Bat Activity at Mixed Dipterocarp Forest, Gunung Gading National Park, Sarawak, Borneo

Sains Malaysiana ◽

10.17576/jsm-2018-4707-01 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 (07) ◽

pp. 1349-1357

Author(s):

Mohd-Ridwan A.R. ◽

Nurul Farah Diyana Ahmad Tahir ◽

Mohamad Haikal bin Eshak ◽

Gábor Csorba ◽

Tamás Görföl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Lunar Phase ◽

Phase Effect ◽

Bat Activity ◽

Dipterocarp Forest ◽

Mixed Dipterocarp Forest

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Soils and the Distribution of Dryobalanops aromatica and D. lanceolata in Mixed Dipterocarp Forest. A Case Study at Lambir Hills National Park, Sarawak, Malaysia.

Tropics ◽

10.3759/tropics.7.21 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 7 (1/2) ◽

pp. 21-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Hideaki Hirai ◽

Hiroshi MATSUMURA ◽

Hiroshi HIROTANI ◽

Katsutoshi SAKURAI ◽

Kazuhiko OGINO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Dipterocarp Forest ◽

Mixed Dipterocarp Forest

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Acnistus arborescens (Solanaceae): an important food resource for birds in an Atlantic Forest site, Southeastern Brazil

Rodriguésia ◽

10.1590/2175-7860202071030 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 71 ◽

Author(s):

Izar Araujo Aximoff ◽

Hudson Martins Soares ◽

Gabriel Bernadello

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

National Park ◽

Food Resource ◽

Bird Species ◽

Biotic Interactions ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Reproductive Phenology ◽

Forest Site ◽

Floral Nectar ◽

The Family

Abstract Biotic interactions related to the consumption of floral nectar and fruits as food resource by birds promoting plant pollination and dispersal, are essential for forest ecosystem functioning. The daily interaction of birds with Acnistus arborescens (Solanaceae), a shrub-tree, was studied in the Itatiaia National Park and its surroundings. Reproductive phenology was monthly monitored in eighteen individuals in 2015. During flowering (August to November) and fruiting (September to December) the interaction birds-plant was studied. Flowers were visited by seven hummingbird species and several insects. Fruit set was 87.3%. Thirty-five bird species of eleven families consumed its fruit. Thraupidae with sixteen bird species was the family responsible for most of its frugivory (53.9%). Considering that more than 10% of the birds richness of Itatiaia National Park - INP interacts with A. arborescens, it can be considered an important plant species in maintaining local bird diverstity. Thus, for attracting many birds, A. arborescens can be used in the process of recovery of degraded areas, and also as a focal plant species for environmental education programs and birdwatching.

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Thismia brunneomitra, another new species of Thismia (Thismiaceae) from Ulu Temburong, Brunei Darussalam

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.234.2.7 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 234 (2) ◽

pp. 172 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Michal Hroneš ◽

Lucie Kobrlová ◽

Vojtěch Taraška ◽

Ondřej Popelka ◽

Radim Hédl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

National Park ◽

Apical Margin ◽

Dipterocarp Forest ◽

Brunei Darussalam ◽

Determination Key ◽

Perianth Tube ◽

A New Species ◽

Mixed Dipterocarp Forest

A new species of Thismia (Thismiaceae) from northwest Borneo is described and illustrated. Thismia brunneomitra was discovered in 2015 in lowland mixed dipterocarp forest in the Ulu Temburong National Park, Temburong district of Brunei Darussalam. The new species is characterized by brown to blackish flowers with twelve darker vertical stripes on the perianth tube, inner tepal lobes that are connate to form a mitre with three very short processes at the apex, three-toothed apical margin of the connective and large wing-like appendage of the connective. An updated determination key of Thismia species found in Borneo is included.

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Thismia inconspicua (Thismiaceae), a new mycoheterotrophic species from Borneo

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.295.3.7 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 295 (3) ◽

pp. 263 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

MICHAL SOCHOR ◽

RAHAYU SUKMARIA SUKRI ◽

FAIZAH METALI ◽

MARTIN DANČÁK

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

National Park ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Dipterocarp Forest ◽

Dna Sequence Data ◽

Brunei Darussalam ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Perianth Tube ◽

A New Species ◽

Mixed Dipterocarp Forest

A new species belonging to the mycoheterotrophic genus Thismia is described and illustrated. Thismia inconspicua was found in a lowland mixed dipterocarp forest in Ulu Temburong National Park, Brunei Darussalam. It is characterized by its sepia-brown perianth with free equal lobes with very short terminal appendages, two pairs of appendages on connective apices, perianth tube displaced from the ovary axis and short stem. DNA sequence data from commonly studied nuclear and mitochondrial loci are provided. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the close relationship with other members of section Thismia, subsection Odoardoa. An updated determination key of Thismia species of Borneo is included.

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