Natural constructions of the Mathieu groups

1989 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. T. Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Symmetric Groups ◽  
The Other ◽  
Simple Groups ◽  
Alternating Group ◽  
Transitive Permutation Group ◽  
French Mathematician ◽  
Exceptional Groups ◽  
Transitive Groups ◽  
Mathieu Groups ◽  
Alternating And Symmetric Groups

In the second half of the last century the French mathematician Emil Mathieu discovered two quintuply transitive permutation groups, now labelled M12 and M24, acting on twelve and twenty-four letters respectively. With the classification of finite simple groups complete we now know that any other quintuply transitive permutation group, on any number of letters, must contain the corresponding alternating group. Indeed, the only quadruply transitive groups, other than the alternating and symmetric groups, are the point stabilizers in M12 and M24, which are denoted by M11 and M23 respectively. To put it another way, the study of multiply (≥ 4-fold) transitive groups now means the study of the symmetric groups and the Mathieu groups. Apart from their beauty and interest in their own right the Mathieu groups are involved in many of the other sporadic simple groups: see ([2], p. 238). Thus a detailed understanding of the other exceptional groups necessitates an intimate knowledge of M12 and M24.

scholarly journals On the Number of p-Regular Elements in Finite Simple Groups

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 82-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Babai ◽  
Péter P. Pálfy ◽  
Jan Saxl
Keyword(s):  
Simple Group ◽  
Finite Subgroup ◽  
Simple Groups ◽  
Alternating Group ◽  
Arbitrary Field ◽  
Finite Simple Groups ◽  
Regular Elements ◽  
Exceptional Groups ◽  
Monte Carlo Algorithms ◽  
A Finite Group

AbstractA p-regular element in a finite group is an element of order not divisible by the prime number p. We show that for every prime p and every finite simple group S, a fair proportion of elements of S is p-regular. In particular, we show that the proportion of p-regular elements in a finite classical simple group (not necessarily of characteristic p) is greater than 1/(2n), where n – 1 is the dimension of the projective space on which S acts naturally. Furthermore, in an exceptional group of Lie type this proportion is greater than 1/15. For the alternating group An, this proportion is at least 26/(27√n), and for sporadic simple groups, at least 2/29.We also show that for an arbitrary field F, if the simple group S is a quotient of a finite subgroup of GLn(F) then for any prime p, the proportion of p-regular elements in S is at least min{1/31, 1/(2n)}.Along the way we obtain estimates for the proportion of elements of certain primitive prime divisor orders in exceptional groups, complementing work by Niemeyer and Praeger (1998).Our result shows that in finite simple groups, p-regular elements can be found efficiently by random sampling. This is a key ingredient to recent polynomial-time Monte Carlo algorithms for matrix groups.Finally we complement our lower bound results with the following upper bound: for all n ≥ 2 there exist infinitely many prime powers q such that the proportion of elements of odd order in PSL(n,q) is less than 3/√n.

scholarly journals Transitive Extensions of a Class of Doubly Transitive Groups

1966 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michio Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Recent Result ◽  
Permutation Group ◽  
Unitary Group ◽  
Simple Groups ◽  
Permutation Groups ◽  
Transitive Permutation Group ◽  
Precise Statement ◽  
Transitive Groups ◽  
Recent Theorem ◽  
Doubly Transitive Groups

1. When a permutation group G on a set Ω is given, a transitive extension G of G is defined to be a transitive permutation group on the set Γ which is a union of Ω and a new point ∞ such that the stabilizer of ∞ in G1 is isomorphic to G as a permutation group on Ω. The purpose of this paper is to prove that many known simple groups which can be represented as doubly transitive groups admit no transitive extension. Precise statement is found in Theorem 2. For example, the simple groups discovered by Ree [5] do not admit transitive extensions. Theorem 2 includes also a recent result of D. R. Hughes [3] which states that the unitary group U3(q) q>2 does not admit a transitive extension. As an application we prove a recent theorem of H. Nagao [4], which generalizes a theorem of Wielandt on the non-existence of 8-transitive permutation groups not containing the alternating groups under Schreier’s conjecture.

scholarly journals ALTERNATING AND SYMMETRIC GROUPS WITH EULERIAN GENERATING GRAPH

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREA LUCCHINI ◽  
CLAUDE MARION
Keyword(s):  
Finite Group ◽  
Symmetric Group ◽  
Prime Number ◽  
Symmetric Groups ◽  
Alternating Group ◽  
Generating Graph ◽  
Alternating And Symmetric Groups ◽  
A Finite Group

Given a finite group $G$, the generating graph $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E4}(G)$ of $G$ has as vertices the (nontrivial) elements of $G$ and two vertices are adjacent if and only if they are distinct and generate $G$ as group elements. In this paper we investigate properties about the degrees of the vertices of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E4}(G)$ when $G$ is an alternating group or a symmetric group of degree $n$. In particular, we determine the vertices of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E4}(G)$ having even degree and show that $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E4}(G)$ is Eulerian if and only if $n\geqslant 3$ and $n$ and $n-1$ are not equal to a prime number congruent to 3 modulo 4.

scholarly journals A new characterization of some alternating and symmetric groups

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 (45) ◽  
pp. 2863-2872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Khosravi ◽  
Behrooz Khosravi
Keyword(s):  
Prime Number ◽  
Finite Groups ◽  
Symmetric Groups ◽  
Simple Groups ◽  
Alternating And Symmetric Groups ◽  
Order Components

We suppose thatp=2α3β+1, whereα≥1, β≥0, andp≥7is a prime number. Then we prove that the simple groupsAn, wheren=p,p+1, orp+2, and finite groupsSn, wheren=p,p+1, are also uniquely determined by their order components. As corollaries of these results, the validity of a conjecture of J. G. Thompson and a conjecture of Shi and Bi (1990) both onAn, wheren=p,p+1, orp+2, is obtained. Also we generalize these conjectures for the groupsSn, wheren=p,p+1.

Generators for Simple Groups

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 277-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Steinberg
Keyword(s):  
Arbitrary Element ◽  
Unitary Groups ◽  
Simple Groups ◽  
Finite Simple Groups ◽  
Lie Theory ◽  
Unimodular Group ◽  
Exceptional Groups ◽  
Mathieu Groups ◽  
Exceptional Lie Groups ◽  
Group 1

The list of known finite simple groups other than the cyclic, alternating, and Mathieu groups consists of the classical groups which are (projective) unimodular, orthogonal, symplectic, and unitary groups, the exceptional groups which are the direct analogues of the exceptional Lie groups, and certain twisted types which are constructed with the aid of Lie theory (see §§3 and 4 below). In this article, it is proved that each of these groups is generated by two of its elements. It is possible that one of the generators can be chosen of order 2, as is the case for the projective unimodular group (1), or even that one of the generators can be chosen as an arbitrary element other than the identity, as is the case for the alternating groups. Either of these results, if true, would quite likely require methods much more detailed than those used here.

Abstract Definitions for the Mathieu Groups M11and M12

1959 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.O.J. Moser
Keyword(s):  
Simple Groups ◽  
Finite Simple Groups ◽  
Exceptional Groups ◽  
Defining Relations ◽  
Mathieu Groups

A list of known finite simple groups has been given by Dickson [3, 4]. With but five exceptions, all of them fall into infinite families. The five exceptional groups, discovered by Mathieu [8,9], were further investigated by Jordan [7], Miller [10], de Séguier [11], Zassenhaus [13], and Witt [12]. In Witt's notation they are M11, M12, M22, M23, M24. Generators for them may be seen in the book of Carmichael [1, pp. 151, 263, 288]; but only for the smallest of them, M11 of order 7920, has a set of defining relations been given.

scholarly journals Boolean lattices in finite alternating and symmetric groups

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Lucchini ◽  
Mariapia Moscatiello ◽  
Sebastien Palcoux ◽  
Pablo Spiga
Keyword(s):  
Symmetric Group ◽  
Symmetric Groups ◽  
The Other ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Boolean Lattices ◽  
Product Structures ◽  
Alternating And Symmetric Groups ◽  
Regular Partitions ◽  
Lattice Of Subgroups

Abstract Given a group G and a subgroup H, we let $\mathcal {O}_G(H)$ denote the lattice of subgroups of G containing H. This article provides a classification of the subgroups H of G such that $\mathcal {O}_{G}(H)$ is Boolean of rank at least $3$ when G is a finite alternating or symmetric group. Besides some sporadic examples and some twisted versions, there are two different types of such lattices. One type arises by taking stabilisers of chains of regular partitions, and the other arises by taking stabilisers of chains of regular product structures. As an application, we prove in this case a conjecture on Boolean overgroup lattices related to the dual Ore’s theorem and to a problem of Kenneth Brown.

scholarly journals Finite simple exceptional groups of Lie type in which all subgroups of odd index are pronormal

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 999-1016
Author(s):  
Anatoly S. Kondrat’ev ◽  
Natalia V. Maslova ◽  
Danila O. Revin
Keyword(s):  
Simple Groups ◽  
Finite Simple Groups ◽  
Exceptional Groups ◽  
Odd Index ◽  
Groups Of Lie Type

AbstractA subgroup H of a group G is said to be pronormal in G if H and {H^{g}} are conjugate in {\langle H,H^{g}\rangle} for every {g\in G}. In this paper, we determine the finite simple groups of type {E_{6}(q)} and {{}^{2}E_{6}(q)} in which all the subgroups of odd index are pronormal. Thus, we complete a classification of finite simple exceptional groups of Lie type in which all the subgroups of odd index are pronormal.

On Unsolvable Groups of Degree p = 4q + 1, p and q Primes

1967 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 583-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. I. Appel ◽  
E. T. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Permutation Group ◽  
Alternating Group ◽  
Transitive Permutation Group ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
The University

This paper presents two results. They are:Theorem 1. Let G be a doubly transitive permutation group of degree nq + 1 where a is a prime and n < g. If G is neither alternating nor symmetric, then G has Sylow q-subgroup of order only q.Result 2. There is no unsolvable transitive permutation group of degree p = 29, 53, 149, 173, 269, 293, or 317 properly contained in the alternating group of degree p.Result 2 was demonstrated by a computation on the Illiac II computer at the University of Illinois.

scholarly journals On the Structure of Integral Group Rings of Sporadic Groups

2000 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 274-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frauke M. Bleher ◽  
Wolfgang Kimmerle
Keyword(s):  
Automorphism Groups ◽  
Symmetric Groups ◽  
Computational Procedure ◽  
Isomorphism Problem ◽  
Simple Groups ◽  
Group Rings ◽  
Integral Group ◽  
Sporadic Groups ◽  
Integral Group Rings ◽  
Sporadic Simple Groups

AbstractThe object of this article is to examine a conjecture of Zassenhaus and certain variations of it for integral group rings of sporadic groups. We prove the ℚ-variation and the Sylow variation for all sporadic groups and their automorphism groups. The Zassenhaus conjecture is established for eighteen of the sporadic simple groups, and for all automorphism groups of sporadic simple groups G which are different from G. The proofs are given with the aid of the GAP computer algebra program by applying a computational procedure to the ordinary and modular character tables of the groups. It is also shown that the isomorphism problem of integral group rings has a positive answer for certain almost simple groups, in particular for the double covers of the symmetric groups.

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