Level and index in the modular group

1984 ◽  
Vol 99 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 115-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Stothers
Keyword(s):  
Modular Group ◽  
Congruence Subgroup ◽  
Existence Theorems ◽  
Congruence Subgroups ◽  
Similar Action

SynopsisIt is shown that the index of a congruence subgroup of the modular group cannot be less than the level of the subgroup. This allows a number of existence theorems about non-congruence subgroups.The level of a subgroup of the modular group can be defined in terms of the action on Q ∪ {∞}. We define a similar action to get information on congruence subgroups. In fact, we get a more powerful result, but this appears to be the most useful version.

scholarly journals Modular symmetry at level 6 and a new route towards finite modular groups

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cai-Chang Li ◽  
Xiang-Gan Liu ◽  
Gui-Jun Ding
Keyword(s):  
Invariant Theory ◽  
Modular Group ◽  
Congruence Subgroup ◽  
Principal Congruence ◽  
Congruence Subgroups ◽  
Modular Invariant ◽  
Benchmark Model ◽  
Modular Groups ◽  
Principal Congruence Subgroup ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Abstract We propose to construct the finite modular groups from the quotient of two principal congruence subgroups as Γ(N′)/Γ(N″), and the modular group SL(2, ℤ) is ex- tended to a principal congruence subgroup Γ(N′). The original modular invariant theory is reproduced when N′ = 1. We perform a comprehensive study of $$ {\Gamma}_6^{\prime } $$ Γ 6 ′ modular symmetry corresponding to N′ = 1 and N″ = 6, five types of models for lepton masses and mixing with $$ {\Gamma}_6^{\prime } $$ Γ 6 ′ modular symmetry are discussed and some example models are studied numerically. The case of N′ = 2 and N″ = 6 is considered, the finite modular group is Γ(2)/Γ(6) ≅ T′, and a benchmark model is constructed.

scholarly journals Torsion classes in the cohomology of congruence subgroups

1989 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Arlettaz
Keyword(s):  
Prime Number ◽  
Congruence Subgroup ◽  
Surjective Homomorphism ◽  
Congruence Subgroups ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Homology Stability

For any prime number p, let Γn, p denote the congruence subgroup of SLn(ℤ) of level p, i.e. the kernel of the surjective homomorphism fp: SLn(ℤ) → SLn(p) induced by the reduction mod p (Fp is the field with p elements). We defineusing upper left inclusions Γn, p ↪ Γn+1, p. Recall that the groups Γn, p are homology stable with M-coefficients, for instance if M = ℚ, ℤ[1/p], or ℤ/q with q prime and q ╪ p: Hi(Γn, p; M) ≅ Hi(Γp; M) for n ≥ 2i + 5 from [7] (but the homology stability fails if M = ℤ or ℤ/p).

scholarly journals Stability in the high-dimensional cohomology of congruence subgroups

2020 ◽  
Vol 156 (4) ◽  
pp. 822-861
Author(s):  
Jeremy Miller ◽  
Rohit Nagpal ◽  
Peter Patzt
Keyword(s):  
Congruence Subgroup ◽  
Stability Result ◽  
High Dimensional ◽  
Vanishing Theorem ◽  
Congruence Subgroups ◽  
Codimension One ◽  
Representation Stability ◽  
Steinberg Module ◽  
Finiteness Properties ◽  
Special Case

We prove a representation stability result for the codimension-one cohomology of the level-three congruence subgroup of $\mathbf{SL}_{n}(\mathbb{Z})$. This is a special case of a question of Church, Farb, and Putman which we make more precise. Our methods involve proving finiteness properties of the Steinberg module for the group $\mathbf{SL}_{n}(K)$ for $K$ a field. This also lets us give a new proof of Ash, Putman, and Sam’s homological vanishing theorem for the Steinberg module. We also prove an integral refinement of Church and Putman’s homological vanishing theorem for the Steinberg module for the group $\mathbf{SL}_{n}(\mathbb{Z})$.

scholarly journals Congruence testing for odd subgroups of the modular group

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-208
Author(s):  
Thomas Hamilton ◽  
David Loeffler
Keyword(s):  
Finite Index ◽  
Modular Group ◽  
Congruence Subgroup ◽  
Index Subgroup ◽  
Finite Index Subgroup

AbstractWe give a computationally effective criterion for determining whether a finite-index subgroup of $\mathrm{SL}_2(\mathbf{Z})$ is a congruence subgroup, extending earlier work of Hsu for subgroups of $\mathrm{PSL}_2(\mathbf{Z})$.

scholarly journals On Siegel modular forms part II

1995 ◽  
Vol 138 ◽  
pp. 179-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Runge
Keyword(s):  
Modular Forms ◽  
Modular Group ◽  
Congruence Subgroup ◽  
Siegel Modular Forms ◽  
Graded Ring

In this paper we compute dimension formulas for rings of Siegel modular forms of genus g = 3. Let denote the main congruence subgroup of level two, the Hecke subgroup of level two and the full modular group. We give the dimension formulas for genus g = 3 for the above mentioned groups and determine the graded ring of modular forms with respect to .

scholarly journals On the representation of a number as a sum of squares

1978 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl-Bernhard Gundlach
Keyword(s):  
Positive Integer ◽  
Modular Forms ◽  
Remainder Term ◽  
Modular Group ◽  
Congruence Subgroup ◽  
Hilbert Modular Group ◽  
Totally Positive ◽  
Hilbert Modular ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Totally Real

It is well known that the number Ak(m) of representations of a positive integer m as the sum of k squares of integers can be expressed in the formwhere Pk(m) is a divisor function, and Rk(m) is a remainder term of smaller order. (1) is a consequence of the fact thatis a modular form for a certain congruence subgroup of the modular group, andwithwhere Ek(z) is an Eisenstein series and is a cusp form (as was first pointed out by Mordell [9]). The result (1) remains true if m is taken to be a totally positive integer from a totally real number field K and Ak(m) is the number of representations of m as the sum of k squares of integers from K (at least for 2|k, k>2, and for those cases with 2+k which have been investigated). then are replaced by modular forms for a subgroup of the Hilbert modular group with Fourier expansions of the form (10) (see section 2).

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