Comparative Value of Three Sources of Vitamins A and D for Fattening Pigs

1954 ◽  
Vol 1954 ◽  
pp. 45-47
Author(s):  
R. S. Barber ◽  
R. Braude ◽  
M. E. Coates ◽  
G. F. Harrison ◽  
K. G. Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
List Type ◽  
Cod Liver Oil ◽  
Commercial Preparation ◽  
Single Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Fattening Pigs

The efficacy of three sources of vitamins A and D supplements was tested in an experiment with fattening pigs involving the following four treatments :(1) Control—basal meal.(2) As control, but at one week of age the pigs had been given a single intramuscular injection of a commercial preparation, supplying 500,000 i.u. of vitamin A and 100,000 i.u. of vitamin D3.(3) Basal meal + 1 % cod-liver oil (containing 500 i.u./g. of vitamin A and 68 i.u./g. of vitamin 3), supplying 2,270 i.u. of vitamin A and 309 i.u. of vitamin D3 per lb. of diet.(4) Basal meal + synthetic vitamins A and D concentrate (containing 50,000 i.u./g. of vitamin A and 5,000 i.u./g. of vitamin D3), added to supply 2,250 i.u. of vitamin A and 300 i.u. of vitamin D3 per lb. of diet.The basal meal which was the standard fattening diet used at Shinfield consisted of: fine miller’s offal 50, barley meal 30, flaked maize 10, white fish meal 10, all parts by weight. It should be noted that the diet contained a precursor of vitamin A, and it was calculated that this would provide about one-third of the recommended allowance of vitamin A for fattening pigs.

Cod Liver Oil, Vitamin A Toxicity, Frequent Respiratory Infections, and the Vitamin D Deficiency Epidemic

2008 ◽  
Vol 117 (11) ◽  
pp. 864-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Cannell ◽  
Reinhold Vieth ◽  
Walter Willett ◽  
Michael Zasloff ◽  
John N. Hathcock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Cod Liver Oil

Nutrition

1933 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 75-94
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Nutritional State ◽  
Cod Liver Oil ◽  
Vitamin Content

On the Vitamin Content of Cod Liver Oil, as Influenced by the Nutritional State of the Cod. E. Poulsson and F. Ender. State Vitamin Institute, Oslo. Skandinavisches Archiv. für Physiologie, Vol. 66, 1933, p. 92.From these experiments the conclusion can be drawn, that the liver oil from the spawning, mal-nourished cod contains a somewhat smaller amount of vitamin A but considerably more vitamin D than does the liver oil from the well-nourished, not spawning cod.

The relative vitamin A and vitamin D content of samples of cod-liver oil

The Analyst ◽  
1932 ◽  
Vol 57 (675) ◽  
pp. 368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine H. Coward ◽  
F. J. Dyer ◽  
Barbara G. E. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Cod Liver Oil

scholarly journals Intake of minerals, trace elements and vitamins in bone and raw food rations in adult dogs

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (S1) ◽  
pp. S53-S56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Dillitzer ◽  
Nicola Becker ◽  
Ellen Kienzle
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Cod Liver Oil ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
Pet Owners

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the vitamin and mineral content of bone and raw food rations fed to adult dogs in Germany. Pet owners completed a standardised feeding questionnaire. The composition of 95 rations was calculated from mean data for foodstuffs using nutrition balancing software. Typical ration ingredients were meats, fish, offal, dairy products, eggs, oil, nuts, cod liver oil and natural and commercial supplements. The supply of nutrients was compared with the recommended allowance (RA). Of the rations that were used, 10 % supplied < 25 % of the RA of Ca. In these rations, Ca:P was below 0·6:1, and vitamin D was below RA. About half of the rations supplied less iodine than the minimum requirement. Many of the rations had low Zn and Cu supply, and 25 % of the rations supplied only 70 % of RA for vitamin A or less. A total of 60 % of the rations had one or more of the above-mentioned imbalance. The remaining 40 % of rations either had minor problems like Ca excess from bones or they were balanced.

scholarly journals The Experimental Modification of the Oestrous Cycle in the Ferret by Different Intensities of Light Irradiation and other Methods

1940 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
F. H. A. MARSHALL
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
Great Abundance ◽  
Commercial Preparation ◽  
Luteal Cells ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Experimental Modification

With female ferrets subjected to different degrees of intensity of light irradiation as measured by placing them at different distances from a 1000 W. lamp, the acceleration of the oestrous cycle, generally speaking, was correlated with the degree of intensity. There were, however, individual exceptions. The distances between the ferrets and the lamp varied from 1 to 22 ft. Female ferrets subjected to ultra-violet irradiation usually remained on heat until much later in the year than those submitted to light irradiation. With male ferrets ultra-violet irradiation caused descent of the testes in December and the testes remained descended until the autumn. Irradiated female ferrets (both with light and ultra-violet rays) went off heat shortly after being put with males and probably as a result of copulation (which, however, was not always observed), but pregnancy did not supervene. This may have been due to the animals not being in a state for ovulation. Feeding vitamin D to anoestrous ferrets did not result in accelerating the cycle, the ferrets not coming on heat until the normal time. The treatment, however, resulted in their becoming abnormally fat. Vitamin D was given in a commercial preparation which also contained vitamin A. Sections through the ovaries of irradiated oestrous ferrets showed large ripe follicles and other follicles in varying degrees of development. Some apparently unruptured degenerate follicles were also seen. There were no cystic follicles in any of the ferrets' ovaries observed. Typical interstitial cells were present usually in great abundance. In a ferret that had been submitted to ultra-violet irradiation the ovaries contained a quantity of old luteal cells, the presence of which suggested that some of the follicles had become lutealized without rupturing. The uterus in three of the irradiated ferrets was somewhat congested and showed signs of glandular activity, being, generally speaking, similar to that of normal ferrets which have been on heat a long time. The uterus of a female ferret, in which the ovaries contained old luteal cells, presented the appearance of one belonging to an animal that was coming on heat again after pregnancy or pseudo-pregnancy.

Vitamin A and D Potencies of Oil from Body, Liver and Intestines of Pilchard, Herring, Salmon and Tullibee

1942 ◽  
Vol 5c (5) ◽  
pp. 428-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. I. Pugsley
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Cod Liver Oil ◽  
Fish Liver ◽  
Biological Assays

In vitamin A (colorimetric) and vitamin D (biological) assays on representative seasonal samples of commercially produced pilchard and herring oil (from the whole fish), the vitamin D potency was found to vary inversely with the yield of oil, and the potencies of these oils with laboratory samples of tullibee oil were found to be within the range quoted for authentic cod liver oil, whereas the vitamin A potency was considerably lower than for most fish liver oils. The vitamin D of pilchard, herring, and salmon offal oil was found equally effective for rats and chickens. Vitamin D was found occluded with the stearine fraction of herring oil and was separated from it by three recrystallizations from acetone. The vitamin D potency of herring oil was found not to be related to the size of the fish.

ÉTUDE IN VITRO DU MÉTABOLISME DES HYDRATES DE CARBONE DANS LE LEUCOCYTE CIRCULANT DU COBAYE TRAITÉ À LA CORTISONE

1966 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-202
Author(s):  
J. A. Antonioli ◽  
A. Vannotti
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Glucose Consumption ◽  
List Type ◽  
Hydrates De Carbone

ABSTRACT 1. The metabolism of suspensions of circulating leucocytes has been studied after intramuscular injection of a dose of 50 mg/kg of a corticosteroid (cortisone acetate). The suspensions were incubated under aerobic conditions in the presence of a glucose concentration of 5.6 mm. Glucose consumption, lactate production, and variations in intracellular glycogen concentration were measured. After the administration of the corticosteroid, the anabolic processes of granulocyte metabolism were reversibly stimulated. Glucose consumption and lactate production increased 12 hours after the injection, but tended to normalize after 24 hours. The glycogen content of the granulocytes was enhanced, and glycogen synthesis during the course of the incubation was greatly stimulated. The action of the administered corticosteroid is more prolonged in females than in males. The injection of the corticosteroid caused metabolic modifications which resemble in their modulations and in their chronological development those found in circulating granulocytes of guinea-pigs suffering from sterile peritonitis. These results suggest, therefore, that, in the case of acute inflammation, the glucocorticosteroids may play an important role in the regulation of the metabolism of the blood leucocytes.

scholarly journals Adjuvant effects of vitamin A and vitamin D supplementation on treatment of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a study protocol for a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, multicentric trial in China

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e050541
Author(s):  
Ping Zhou ◽  
Mark Lee Wolraich ◽  
Ai-hua Cao ◽  
Fei-Yong Jia ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Remission Rate ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Multicentric Study ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Double Blinded

IntroductionApproximately 7.2% of children in the world suffer from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Due to the availability of the osmotic-release oral-system methylphenidate, ADHD currently has a remission rate of up to 30.72%. Nevertheless, it has been reported that patients with ADHD tend to exhibit vitamin A and vitamin D deficiency, which may aggravate the symptoms of ADHD. This study aims to determine the effect of vitamin A and vitamin D supplementation as adjunctive therapy to methylphenidate on the symptoms of ADHD.Methods and analysisThis is a parallel, prospective, interventional multicentric study. Patients will be enrolled from the southern, central and northern parts of China. A target of 504 patients will be followed for 8 weeks. They will be allocated into three groups (vitamin AD, vitamin D and placebo) and administered the interventions accordingly. Data on changes in the symptoms of ADHD as well as changes in the serum concentrations of vitamin A and vitamin D will be recorded. Both responders and nonresponders based on the sociodemographic and clinical data will also be described to mitigate selection bias.Ethics and disseminationThis study is performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (approval number: (2019) IRB (STUDY) number 262). The results of the trial will be reported in peer-reviewed scientific journals and academic conferences regardless of the outcomes.Trial registration numberNCT04284059.

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