Alessandro Gavazzi: a barnabite friar and the risorgimento (Presidential Address)

1975 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 303-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basil Hall

Think nowHistory has many cunning passages, contrived corridorsAnd issues, deceives with whispering ambitions,Guides us by vanities. Think nowShe gives when our attention is distractedAnd what she gives, gives with such supple confusionsThat the giving famishes the craving. Gives too lateWhat’s not believed in, or if still believed,In memory only, reconsidered passion.Historians no doubt have problems enough without setting before themselves that ‘memento mori’ from Eliot, who, though he was describing an old man seeking to understand his own past, leaves nevertheless an echo in the mind disturbing to those who practise the historian’s craft. We assume a confidence which in our heart of hearts we do not always, or should not always, possess. Eliot’s words not only demonstrate the difficulty of one man understanding his own past, but also the historian’s difficulty in understanding those whom they select for questioning from among the vast multitudes of the silent dead, whose deeds, artifacts, ideas, passions, hopes and memories have died with them. We dig into the past, obtain data from archives, brush off the objects found, collect statistics, annotate, arrange, describe, establish a chronology – but do we effectively understand the dead, especially since we are affected by our own beliefs, customs and ideologies? We are, of course, all aware of this: we silently scorn the lecturer who raises these diffident hesitations. For we know our duty: we examine all that we can, we describe our findings, we annotate them, we draw conclusions, or leave our demonstrations to speak for themselves. There are reasons, as I shall hope to show, that these considerations – Eliot’s ominous words and our determination not to be disquieted by them – bear upon the subject of this paper, the almost forgotten Alessandro Gavazzi.

2011 ◽  
Vol 403-408 ◽  
pp. 4841-4849
Author(s):  
Rashid Ali Fayadh

D.C motors have special important uses for human that used in many places needs a specific speed or variable speed , so that we need to control this speed for any purpose . Nowadays, the subject of controlling the electric motor and measuring variable is of important subject . Because of scientific and technical development in this field according to difficulty of teaching control material by using computer. In the traditional way the past studies assumed that the best method to understand the concepts of controlling by the computer are by practical exercises in lab and since the lab doesn't contain such ability . This search was represented to do the first step in teaching general principals of controlling by design a window dealing with computer to control the speed of d.c motor . The work on the program helps to use more than one sense which helps to stable the scientific material in the mind of students .


Mnemosyne ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-433
Author(s):  
Jan Erik Heßler
Keyword(s):  
The Past ◽  

AbstractThis paper investigates the commemoration of the dead as practised in the Epicurean school: for this purpose, it first discusses the remembrance of the past and of the deceased as constitutive elements of the cult community of the Kepos. The community of the Epicureans is studied in the context of other contemporary associations and Hellenistic ruler cults, and with a view to (possible) connections with the cult of the god Dionysus. In a next step, the paper examines Epicurean testimonies on the subject of commemorating the dead in comparison with passages in Plato and theepitaphioi logoi, especially theepitaphioswritten by Hyperides. This way, some striking parallels emerge, and it becomes evident how deeply Epicurean doctrine and practice were embedded in the context of the late Classical and Hellenistic polis.


2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
Philip Morris

The Church in Wales Review had recommended that the Diocese of Llandaff be designated the permanent archiepiscopal see and that the diocese should have an area bishop with a legally designated area of pastoral responsibility. In his presidential address in September, the archbishop recognised that it was a difficult question but one that needed to be faced because of the dual role of archbishop and diocesan bishop, the relentless workload and the need for the archbishop to be located in Cardiff. It had been the subject of several reports and Governing Body motions in the past but with no change to the present situation.


1914 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
C. H. Firth

Last May, I had the honour of reading a paper before the Society on the subject of the development of the study of seventeenth-century history hi the past: to-day, I wish to say something about the development of the study in the future. I am not going to prophesy: not even to try my skill in what politicians term ‘intelligent anticipation of the future.’ My aim is a much humbler one: I mean to make a brief survey of the field of seventeenth-century history, and point out some of the things which in my opinion need doing, in order to complete our knowledge of the subject.


Antiquity ◽  
1927 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. G. S. Crawford

The fascination of Archaeology consists in reconstructing the life of the past, but by a curious paradox we obtain most of our raw material from the graves of the dead. We profit by the superstition which ordained that the dead man should be supplied with tools and weapons, and the dead woman with ornaments, to accompany them to the land of shadows. We profit also by the conservative instinct which regulated the construction of the tomb and the accompanying ritual. Nothing changes so slowly as burial-customs, even in these radical times. In all essentials the modern funeral procession remains Victorian in its gloomy respectability, its tawdry finery, and its obsolete methods of transport.The origin of barrow-making being unknown, one is free to speculate without the risk of being upset by evidence. The earliest deliberate burials occurred in the Mousterian period, in caves; and although connecting links are not numerous, one cannot help feeling that the natural cave must have been the ancestor of the megalithic passage-grave. In all essentials the cave and the passage-grave are the same; the 'points' so to speak, of a habitation cave are (I) the ground in front of the mouth, ( 2 ) the mouth, and (3) the dark, little used interior. Of these the mouth was the most important, and was often walled off; and it is natural to suppose that the darker recesses were used for sleeping in at night. These three features correspond fairly well with the typical arrangement of a passage-grave ; and if the houses of the dead were modelled upon those of the living, as is usually supposed, there may be some truth in this suggested evolution ; but there are many difficulties. However this may be, megalithic burial-places were very often—and always in our country—covered with mounds of earth or, in stony country, cairns of stone : they were in fact the first barrows ; so we must consider them. The subject is a very thorny one, and in order to avoid being drawn into argument, I shall avoid problems and keep to a description of facts. The title of this paper suggests that geographical and ethnographical deductions may for once be given second place.


Author(s):  
Rodney Harrison ◽  
John Schofield

Sites are the staple of archaeological investigation, forming the basis of many an excavation or survey project, often within a wider landscape study where it is the relationships between sites that can matter more. Think of any archaeological project or great excavation of the nineteenth or twentieth century, and you have your archaeological site, defined by convention as incorporating either settlement or industrial, religious, or military remains. These sites are often the subject of either a lengthy process of investigation and then post-excavation analysis leading to publication of results, or sometimes a short Weld evaluation prior to their destruction through development or preservation in situ. Their initial discovery may be newsworthy, and perhaps the result of some significant new development, a new landmark in the making. As we have seen, by convention archaeologists and curators generally treat those places and objects from the past as precious, valued resources for their very historicity and their cultural value, and often (correctly) seek their protection from destructive forces of the present and future. But our view is slightly different. We do not recognize the distinction between that which is old/ancient and matters, and that which is new and does not. Rather we recognize all material culture, the artefacts and sites and the wider landscape, as being suitable for archaeological inquiry and potentially holding value for this reason: not just the objects of the deeper past threatened with destruction, but also the contemporary office building that now occupies the site. Archaeology of the contemporary past even gives recognition to the ‘site to be’, the places planned for the future, a site that exists only on a planning board or an architect’s computer, or as a model, or even in the mind. With the archaeology of the contemporary past, the past, present, and future are woven together in a way that gives the subject complexity, introduces new and unforeseen challenges and difficulties, and equally gives it a heightened sense of social relevance and meaning. That said, for archaeology of the contemporary past, many of the same rules apply as for earlier periods, although, as we have seen, the sheer numbers of modern sites, and the spatial continuity of human activity and our perception and experience of it, do complicate things somewhat.


1934 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 825-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas W. Campbell

The ceaseless struggle of opposing ideas is the historical continuum of political theory. However concrete the situation which launches a particular conflict, all too often the struggle of ideas continues long after the objective scene of the conflict has moved on to quite different fields, long after new problems have outmoded old solutions, and long after new ways of thinking should have revised or displaced old concepts. This intellectual problem of continuity of ideas and of modes of thought is, of course, no more than the reflection of the larger issue of the liberation of human society from the “dead hand of the past.” The solution of this problem is no easy one, entailing as it does careful discrimination and emphasis upon the quality of “deadness,” but many reasoned attempts are being made toward this end.The forms which these attempts are taking in the field of political theory (including the concept of sovereignty, which is the subject of this paper) and of political science in general are several. We have had an increasing, and productive, “realistic presentation of the facts of the governmental process” which has served to deflate such overweening concepts as that of sovereignty.


1974 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Scott Rogo

One topic with which parapsychology has historically associated itself has been whether or not psychical phenomena indicate that man survives death and might even communicate to the living. Parapsychology has investigated the following phenomena which relate to this problem: apparitions, alleged messages from the dead given through gifted subjects (mediums) via some sort of ESP channel; out-of-body experiences (where the mind seems to leave the physical body and functions independently of it); and deathbed visions. Although these phenomena have been verified, parapsychologists are in no general agreement over whether these phenomena do provide evidence that man survives death. Several alternate explanations have been proposed. Nevertheless, psychical phenomena occur so often related to death that any psychological inquiry into the nature of death and dying should take into consideration the data parapsychology has amassed on the subject.


1988 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-312
Author(s):  
F. Young

The first Edward Cadbury Professor of Theology was H. G. Wood. The subject of his Inaugural Lecture given in 1940 was The function of a Department of Theology in a modern University. Appropriately enough he took up the views of John Henry, Cardinal Newman, the one Birmingham theologian whose work is on the way to becoming classic. In the present climate, Newman's book The Idea of a University is worth looking at again. As he showed over a hundred years ago, purely utilitarian values cannot produce good education. Nor can a general acquaintance with a bit of everything. Specialisation and in-depth study is the only way to learn how to think rather than pick up information jackdaw-like. Scholarly grappling with the great minds of the past, the so-called ‘irrelevant’ and ‘ivory-tower’ occupation of those who inhabit an Arts Faculty, is essential for the formation of minds. ‘To open the mind, to correct it, to refine it, to enable it to know, and to digest, master, rule, and use its knowledge, to give it power over its own faculties, application, flexibility, method, critical exactness, sagacity, resource, address, eloquent expression’ – this Newman regarded as ‘an object as intelligible as the cultivation of virtue’.1 Society needs minds and not just technicians, and in an institution which is concerned with truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth, theology is indispensable to the universality which a University should embrace.


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