Growth cone dynamics of embryonic grasshopper pioneer neurons in situ
During development of the nervous system, neurons extend axons over relatively long distances to contact their targets. A variety of molecules in the extracellular environment are instrumental in guiding a neuronal process. The motile tip of the process, the growth cone, senses and transduces this guidance information, resulting in a local reorganization and consolidation of the cytoskeleton. Although much work has been dedicated to isolating the molecules that guide a neuronal growth cone, relatively little is known about the dynamic processes that occur when a growth cone turns in response to guidance information. Recently, a number of biological systems have been developed that enable time lapse imaging of growth cones as they extend axons in situ. One of these systems is the embryonic grasshopper limb fillet.In the grasshopper embryo, a pair of sibling neurons, named the Til pioneers, are the first neurons to extend axons toward the central nervous system (CNS).