scholarly journals An audit of violent incidents in a drug treatment centre

2000 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Fahy ◽  
Roy Browne ◽  
Darina Sloan ◽  
Shay Keating ◽  
John O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Heroin Users ◽  
Retrospective Audit ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Treatment Centre ◽  
History Of ◽  
Alcohol Dependence Syndrome ◽  
Serious Injury

AbstractObjectives: The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of, and factors associated with violence in a drug treatment centre.Method: This study is a retrospective audit of all incident forms completed at an urban drug treatment centre between December 1991 and July 1996 with reference to case notes for additional clinical information on individuals involved in violent incidents.Participants included all patients attending the centre in the aforementioned time period who were involved in violent incidents. Information was obtained about the prevalence and severity of violent incidents and patient details including main drug of abuse, route of use, reason for attendance, comorbid axis 1 diagnosis, history of previous incidents and HIV status at the time of the incident.Results: One per cent of all patients were involved in violent incidents. Less than one quarter of incidents involved serious injury or assault. Most perpetrators were male intravenous heroin users on a methadone maintenance programme. Nurses and doctors were most frequently the victims of incidents. Ten per cent of patients had a history of previous incidents and almost half the perpetrators were HIV positive. A comorbid axis 1 diagnosis was found in 9% of perpetrators (n = 6), mainly alcohol dependence syndrome.

Retention in methadone maintenance drug treatment for prescription-type opioid primary users compared to heroin users

Addiction ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 775-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caleb J. Banta-Green ◽  
Charles Maynard ◽  
Thomas D. Koepsell ◽  
Elizabeth A. Wells ◽  
Dennis M. Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Heroin Users ◽  
Primary Users

The Tempo and mode(S) of Prebiotic Evolution

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 419-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Lazcano
Keyword(s):  
Origin Of Life ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Biological Evolution ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Early Diversification ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Widespread Phenomenon ◽  
The Origin Of Life

AbstractDifferent current ideas on the origin of life are critically examined. Comparison of the now fashionable FeS/H2S pyrite-based autotrophic theory of the origin of life with the heterotrophic viewpoint suggest that the later is still the most fertile explanation for the emergence of life. However, the theory of chemical evolution and heterotrophic origins of life requires major updating, which should include the abandonment of the idea that the appearance of life was a slow process involving billions of years. Stability of organic compounds and the genetics of bacteria suggest that the origin and early diversification of life took place in a time period of the order of 10 million years. Current evidence suggest that the abiotic synthesis of organic compounds may be a widespread phenomenon in the Galaxy and may have a deterministic nature. However, the history of the biosphere does not exhibits any obvious trend towards greater complexity or «higher» forms of life. Therefore, the role of contingency in biological evolution should not be understimated in the discussions of the possibilities of life in the Universe.

A Very Brief History of Internet Jurisdiction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Jerker B. Svantesson
Keyword(s):  
Academic Community ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
History Of

This chapter provides a brief history of Internet jurisdiction taking account of key court decisions, legislation as well as developments in the academic thinking on the topic. In doing so, it divides the history of Internet jurisdiction into four relatively distinct phases. The discussion in the chapter highlights facts such as that: (1) law has largely been reactive, responding to technological developments; (2) the level of creativity applied in the search for workable solutions was seemingly higher in the earlier stages than in more recent times; and (3) unsurprisingly, the attitudes of courts, legislators, and the academic community have varied considerably over the time period examined.

scholarly journals Extended real-world experience with the ILUVIEN® (fluocinolone acetonide) implant in the United Kingdom: 3-year results from the Medisoft® audit study

Eye ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Bailey ◽  
◽  
Usha Chakravarthy ◽  
Andrew Lotery ◽  
Geeta Menon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Oedema ◽  
Diabetic Macular Oedema ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Fluocinolone Acetonide ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Foveal Thickness ◽  
Central Foveal Thickness ◽  
Laser Trabeculoplasty ◽  
Retrospective Audit ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background This study aimed to assess the long-term effectiveness of the 0.2 μg/day fluocinolone acetonide (FAc) implant over ≥3 years for patients with diabetic macular oedema. Methods A retrospective audit of pseudo-anonymised data from patients with chronic diabetic macular oedema (cDMO) and treated with the FAc implant across 14 UK clinical sites. Safety and clinical effectiveness were measured. Results Two-hundred and fifty-six eyes had ≥3 years of follow-up (mean 4.28 years), during which a mean of 1.14 FAc implants were used per eye. Mean best-recorded visual acuity (BRVA) increased from 52.6 to 56.7 letters at month 3 and remained stable thereafter; this trend was also seen in pseudophakic eyes. The proportion of patients attaining a BRVA ≥6/12 increased from 17% at baseline to 27% 1 month after FAc implant and remained stable above 30% from month 12 onwards. Eyes with no prior history of intraocular pressure (IOP)-related events required significantly less treatment-emergent IOP-lowering medication than those with a prior history of IOP events (17.9% vs. 50.0% of eyes; p < 0.001). The incidence of an IOP increase of ≥10 mmHg, use of IOP-lowering medication, laser trabeculoplasty and IOP-lowering surgery was 28.9%, 29.7%, 0.8% and 2.7%, respectively, for the whole cohort. There were significant reductions in mean central foveal thickness and macular volume (p < 0.001). Conclusions The FAc implant was well tolerated, with predictable and manageable IOP-related events while delivering a continuous microdose of corticosteroid to eyes with cDMO, providing prolonged vision preservation and a reduced number of treatments.

Detection of Pavement Maintenance Treatments using Deep-Learning Network

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110078
Author(s):  
Lu Gao ◽  
Yao Yu ◽  
Yi Hao Ren ◽  
Pan Lu
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Learning Networks ◽  
Pavement Maintenance ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Maintenance And Rehabilitation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Deep Learning Network

Pavement maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) records are important as they provide documentation that M&R treatment is being performed and completed appropriately. Moreover, the development of pavement performance models relies heavily on the quality of the condition data collected and on the M&R records. However, the history of pavement M&R activities is often missing or unavailable to highway agencies for many reasons. Without accurate M&R records, it is difficult to determine if a condition change between two consecutive inspections is the result of M&R intervention, deterioration, or measurement errors. In this paper, we employed deep-learning networks of a convolutional neural network (CNN) model, a long short-term memory (LSTM) model, and a CNN-LSTM combination model to automatically detect if an M&R treatment was applied to a pavement section during a given time period. Unlike conventional analysis methods so far followed, deep-learning techniques do not require any feature extraction. The maximum accuracy obtained for test data is 87.5% using CNN-LSTM.

scholarly journals An audit of the cervical screening programme in the National Drug Treatment Centre (NDTC)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maeve Haran ◽  
John R. Kelly ◽  
Liam Kennedy ◽  
Kieran Hennigan ◽  
Huma Farid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
National Drug ◽  
Treatment Centre

Dissociative disorder – unraveling the mystery

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S327-S327
Author(s):  
L. Sousa ◽  
A. Antunes ◽  
S. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Dissociative Disorders ◽  
Dissociative Disorder ◽  
Clinical Interviews ◽  
Medical Interventions ◽  
Brazilian Woman ◽  
History Of ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Car Accident

IntroductionDissociative disorders are among the most enigmatic and controversial psychiatric pathologies. In the last decades, great interest has emerged in understanding its pathophysiology, nonetheless, problems in recognition and management of these disorders are still challenging the psychiatric community.ObjectivesWe describe a paradigmatic case of a dissociative disorder illustrating the “choice” of dissociation as a strategy for coping with a traumatic reality.AimCall attention to problems that interfere with the recognition, diagnosis and management of dissociative disorders.MethodsBibliographic research was conducted through the PubMed in the Medline library and clinical information was obtained through medical records and clinical interviews with the patient.ResultsA 51-year-old Brazilian woman with no psychiatric history presented to the psychiatric outpatient care with apparent dissociative symptoms, these consisted of amnesia for episodes of agitation and aggressive behavior that occurred mainly at bed time. She had been previously on general practice and neurology consultations but none organic diagnose was made. Already in psychiatry, it was recognized that those symptoms developed together after a car accident and the beginning of a romantic relationship. It was also recognized that she has sexual dysfunction and a history of sexual abuse by a family member during her childhood, a known risk factor to dissociative disorders.ConclusionsSkepticism and lack of understanding might be the reason for late psychiatric referral after the realization of various expensive and time-consuming medical exams. Improving the recognition of dissociative disorders will conduce not only to better clinical outcomes but also improve cost effectivity of medical interventions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Maintaining the Uptake of Peritoneal Dialysis During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Research Letter

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 205435812098626
Author(s):  
Mark Canney ◽  
Lee Er ◽  
John Antonsen ◽  
Michael Copland ◽  
Rajinder Suneet Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Clinical Information System ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Catheter Insertion ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Maintenance Dialysis

Background: Due to inherent challenges in maintaining physical distancing in hemodialysis units, the Canadian Society of Nephrology has recommended peritoneal dialysis as the preferred modality for patients requiring maintenance dialysis during the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, pursuing peritoneal dialysis is not without risk due to the requirement for in-person contact during catheter insertion and training, and there is a paucity of data regarding the experience of peritoneal dialysis during the early phases of the pandemic. Objective: To examine the incidence and outcomes of peritoneal dialysis between March 17 and June 01, 2020 compared to the same time period in preceding years. Design: Retrospective observational study. Setting: British Columbia, Canada. After the pandemic was declared on March 17, 2020, patients continued to be trained in peritoneal dialysis. In an effort to limit time spent in hospital, patients were preferentially trained in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, training times were truncated for some patients, and peritoneal dialysis catheters were inserted by a physician at the bedside whenever feasible. Patients: All patients aged >18 years who started chronic maintenance dialysis during the period March 17 to June 01 in the years 2018 to 2020 inclusive. The time period was extended to include the years 2010 to 2020 inclusive to evaluate longer term trends in dialysis incidence. Measurements: A provincial clinical information system was used to capture the date of commencing dialysis, dialysis modality, and complications including peritonitis. Overall uptake of peritoneal dialysis included new starts and transitions to peritoneal dialysis from in-center hemodialysis during the observation period. Methods: The incidence of dialysis during the specified time period, overall and by modality, was calculated per million population using census figures for the population at risk. Patients were followed for a minimum of 30 days from the start of peritoneal dialysis to capture episodes of peritonitis and COVID-19. Results: A total of 211 patients started maintenance dialysis between March 17 and June 01, 2020. The incidence dialysis rate (41.3 per million population) was lower than that expected based on the 10-year trend from 2010 to 2019 inclusive (expected rate 45.7 per million population, 95% confidence interval 41.7 to 50.1). A total of 93 patients started peritoneal dialysis, including 32 patients who transitioned from in-center hemodialysis, contributing to a higher overall uptake of peritoneal dialysis compared to preceding years. The incidence rate for peritoneal dialysis of 18.2 per million population was higher than that expected (16.3 per million population, 95% confidence interval 14.0 to 19.0). Half of patients (48%) underwent a bedside peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion by a physician. During 30 days of follow-up, 2 (2.2%) patients experienced peritonitis and no patients were diagnosed with COVID-19. Limitations: Results are short term and generalizable only to regions with similarly low community rates of transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Conclusions: These preliminary findings indicate that peritoneal dialysis can be safely started and perhaps expanded as a means of mitigating the anticipated surge in in-center hemodialysis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Important contributors to the uptake of peritoneal dialysis in British Columbia were bedside catheter insertions and expediting transitions from in-center hemodialysis to peritoneal dialysis.

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