Cardiac Arrest Research Methods

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (S1) ◽  
pp. S41-S44
Author(s):  
Terence D. Valenzuela ◽  
W. Douglas Weaver
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Prehospital Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Determining the variables that influence survival in the treatment of cardiac arrest is important as both a research and a quality assurance tool. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest remains the only medical condition in which it has been determined rigorously that prehospital care affects survival. Thus, it uniquely is suited to outcome-based research and quality assurance studies. After approximately 20 years of study, the determinants of survival after cardiac arrest are well-known; however, a plethora of fascinating research questions remain to be addressed.The prevalence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest seems to be decreasing. In the Seattle area, there are 30% fewer cases than there were ten years ago. This parallels the overall decline in mortality from ischemic heart disease in the United States in the last thirty years. There also has been a change in the profile of cardiac arrest victims, with today's arrestee several years older than the victim of fifteen years ago. Thus, when one performs comparative clinical trials, the control group of today is very different from the historical control of ten or fifteen years ago.

Abstract 23: Incidence of Adult In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in the United States

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias J Holmberg ◽  
Catherine Ross ◽  
Paul S Chan ◽  
Jordan Duval-Arnould ◽  
Anne V Grossestreuer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
The United States ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression Model ◽  
American Hospital ◽  
American Hospital Association ◽  
Average Annual Incidence ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Introduction: Current incidence estimates of in-hospital cardiac arrest in the United States are based on data from more than a decade ago, with an estimated 200,000 adult cases per year. The aim of this study was to estimate the contemporary incidence of in-hospital cardiac arrest in adult patients, which may better inform the public health impact of in-hospital cardiac arrest in the United States. Methods: Using the Get With The Guidelines®-Resuscitation (GWTG-R) registry, we developed a negative binomial regression model to estimate the incidence of index in-hospital cardiac arrests in adult patients (>18 years) between 2008 and 2016 based on hospital-level characteristics. The model coefficients were then applied to all United States hospitals, using data from the American Hospital Association Annual Survey, to obtain national incidence estimates. Hospitals only providing care to pediatric patients were excluded from the analysis. Additional analyses were performed including both index and recurrent events. Results: There were 154,421 index cardiac arrests from 388 hospitals registered in the GWTG-R registry. A total of 6,808 hospitals were available in the American Hospital Association database, of which 6,285 hospitals provided care to adult patients. The average annual incidence was estimated to be 283,700 in-hospital cardiac arrests. When including both index and recurrent cardiac arrests, the average annual incidence was estimated to 344,800 cases. Conclusions: Our analysis indicates that there are approximately 280,000 adult patients with in-hospital cardiac arrests per year in the United States. This estimate provides the contemporary annual incidence of the burden from in-hospital cardiac arrest in the United States.

scholarly journals Trends in Survival After Pediatric In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in the United States

Circulation ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 140 (17) ◽  
pp. 1398-1408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias J. Holmberg ◽  
Sebastian Wiberg ◽  
Catherine E. Ross ◽  
Monica Kleinman ◽  
Anne Kirstine Hoeyer-Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

scholarly journals Mortality in young adults following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: Evidence from two nationwide propensity-matched cohorts in the United States a decade apart

2022 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 100937
Author(s):  
Rupak Desai ◽  
Akhil Jain ◽  
Kartik Dhaduk ◽  
Arashpreet Kaur Chhina ◽  
Jilmil Raina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

scholarly journals Pediatric In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan W. Morgan ◽  
Matthew P. Kirschen ◽  
Todd J. Kilbaugh ◽  
Robert M. Sutton ◽  
Alexis A. Topjian
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

scholarly journals Outcomes for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in the United States During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul S. Chan ◽  
Saket Girotra ◽  
Yuanyuan Tang ◽  
Rabab Al-Araji ◽  
Brahmajee K. Nallamothu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Abstract 186: Sex Differences in Outcomes for Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Circulation ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 140 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavitra Kotini-Shah ◽  
Oksana Pugach ◽  
Ruizhe Chen ◽  
Marina Del Rios ◽  
Kimberly Vellano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Neurological Outcome ◽  
The United States ◽  
Neurological Outcomes ◽  
Bystander Cpr ◽  
Favorable Neurological Outcome ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Introduction: Approximately 1,000 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) occur per day in the United States. Although survival rates remains low, the extent to which OHCA neurological outcomes differ between men and women remains poorly characterized. Methods: Within the national Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival (CARES) registry, we identified 195,722 adult individuals with an OHCA between 2013-2017. Using multi-variable logistic regression models, we evaluated for sex differences in rates of survival to hospital discharge and favorable neurological outcome (survival with discharge CPC score of 1 or 2), adjusted for cardiac arrest characteristics, race, location, year of arrest, age, and use of targeted temperature management (TTM) and coronary angiography. Results: Overall, 70,767 (31%) patients were women. Median age was 64 and 62 years for women and men, respectively. An initial shockable rhythm (14.9% vs. 25.7%) and a witnessed arrest (40.9% vs. 45.6%) was more common in men. Bystander CPR was provided to 37% of women and 39% of men. Men were less likely to survive to hospital discharge than women (8.7% vs. 10.9%; adjusted OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.73, 0.78). Similarly, men were less likely to have favorable neurological outcome (6.6% vs. 9.2% for women; adjusted OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.74, 0.82). Further interaction analysis for the pre-hospital elements found small, but statistically significant sex differences in favorable neurological survival for witnessed status (among female OR 2.29, 95% CI 2.10, 2.49; among males OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.92, 2.23, p= 0.04) and for bystander CPR (among females OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.11, 1.29; among males OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.27, 1.42, p= 0.01). Interaction of sex with the hospital level variables of TTM and coronary angiography, for the subset of patients that survived to hospital admission, had no sex differences in favorable neurological outcome. Conclusion: Our analysis shows that for OHCA in the United States, women have better survival outcomes than men. There was a sex differences in the pre-hospital variable of BCPR, but not in the other modifiable variables of TTM and coronary angiography. Further study is needed to better understand sex differences in overall survival and neurological outcomes.

scholarly journals Implementation Strategies for Improving Survival After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in the United States

Circulation ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 123 (24) ◽  
pp. 2898-2910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Neumar ◽  
Janice M. Barnhart ◽  
Robert A. Berg ◽  
Paul S. Chan ◽  
Romergryko G. Geocadin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest
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