scholarly journals EFFECTS OF R&D SUBSIDIES IN A HYBRID MODEL OF ENDOGENOUS GROWTH AND SEMI-ENDOGENOUS GROWTH

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Angus C. Chu ◽  
Xilin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Endogenous Growth ◽  
Steady State Growth ◽  
Growth Regime ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Hybrid Growth ◽  
State Growth ◽  
Parameter Values

We explore R&D subsidies in a hybrid growth model which may exhibit semi-endogenous growth or fully endogenous growth. We consider two types of subsidies on variety-expanding innovation and quality-improving innovation. R&D subsidies on quality-improving innovation only have effects in the fully endogenous-growth regime, in which more subsidies cause an earlier activation of quality-improving innovation and increase the transitional/steady-state growth rate. R&D subsidies on variety-expanding innovation have contrasting effects in the two regimes. In the semi-endogenous-growth regime, more subsidies on variety-expanding innovation increase transitional growth but have no effect on steady-state growth. In the fully endogenous-growth regime, more subsidies on variety-expanding innovation continue to increase short-run growth but delay the activation of quality-improving innovation and reduce long-run growth. Increasing subsidies on variety-expanding (quality-improving) innovation makes the semi-endogenous-growth (fully endogenous-growth) regime more likely to emerge. Finally, we calibrate the model and find that under reasonable parameter values, the fully endogenous-growth regime is more likely to emerge.

Why The Already Difficult Task of Identifying Sources of Growth Has Become Even More Challenging?

2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rup Singh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Growth Theory ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Steady State Growth ◽  
State Growth ◽  
Made In

This chapter is a brief account of what we now observe in the growth literature in light of the developments in the voluminous empirical works on economic growth. It is argued that while the empirical knowledge has advanced adequately, little progress has been made in the growth theory since the classic works of Solow. Therefore it can be said that growth economist and policy makers are still confused on how to raise the steady state growth rate of output and some of these confusions are due to our own experiments.

Long run time series tests of constant steady-state growth

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 464-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Papell ◽  
Ruxandra Prodan
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Steady State Growth ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Run Time ◽  
State Growth

scholarly journals THE ENDOGENEITY OF THE STEADY-STATE GROWTH RATE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (59) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Natural Growth ◽  
Steady State Growth ◽  
History Of ◽  
Output Ratio ◽  
State Growth

This study aims to estimate the steady-state growth rate or the natural growth rate and to determine whether the steady-state growth rate is endogenous to demand conditions or not. In order to achieve these aims, this study makes an econometric analysis using ordinary least squares method based on the data of Turkey covering the period 1969-2006. The present study estimates the natural growth rate and analyzes whether the natural growth rate is endogenous or not. But, different from the previous studies, the present study makes estimations in the conditions that capital-output ratio remains constant. According to the results of the study, the steady-state or natural growth rate is 5.71% in Turkey for the period 1969-2006. Moreover, the natural growth rate becomes 9.51% in the boom periods. This result shows that the steady-state or natural growth rate is endogenous to demand conditions in Turkey. Thus, the present study provides evidence for the Thirlwall’s (1969) theory in a different manner. Keywords: Natural growth rate, endogeneity, steady-state, capital-output ratio, economic history of Turkey

scholarly journals Pleiotropic win-win mutations can rapidly evolve in a nascent cooperative community despite unfavorable conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel F. M. Hart ◽  
Chi-Chun Chen ◽  
Wenying Shou
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Supply Rate ◽  
Steady State Growth ◽  
Cooperative Community ◽  
Engineered Yeast ◽  
State Growth

AbstractCooperation, paying a cost to benefit other individuals, is widespread. Cooperation can be promoted by pleiotropic “win-win” mutations which directly benefit self and partner. Previously, we showed that “partner-serving” should be defined as increased benefit supply rate per intake benefit (Hart & Pineda et al., 2019). Here, we report that “win-win” mutations can rapidly evolve even in nascent cooperation under conditions unfavorable for cooperation. Specifically, in a well-mixed environment we evolved engineered yeast cooperative communities where two strains exchanged costly metabolites lysine and hypoxanthine. Among cells that consumed lysine and released hypoxanthine, ecm21 mutations repeatedly arose. ecm21 is “self-serving”, improving self’s growth rate in limiting lysine. ecm21 is also “partner-serving”, increasing hypoxanthine release rate per lysine consumption and the steady state growth rate of partner. ecm21 also arose in monocultures evolving in lysine-limited chemostats. Thus, even without any pressure to maintain cooperation, pleiotropic win-win mutations may readily evolve.

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