FROM SEPARABLE POLYNOMIALS TO NONEXISTENCE OF RATIONAL POINTS ON CERTAIN HYPERELLIPTIC CURVES

2014 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
NGUYEN NGOC DONG QUAN
Keyword(s):  
Hyperelliptic Curves ◽  
Rational Points ◽  
Hasse Principle ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Separability Criterion ◽  
Image Position

AbstractWe give a separability criterion for the polynomials of the form $$\begin{equation*} ax^{2n + 2} + (bx^{2m} + c)(d x^{2k} + e). \end{equation*}$$ Using this separability criterion, we prove a sufficient condition using the Brauer–Manin obstruction under which curves of the form $$\begin{equation*} z^2 = ax^{2n + 2} + (bx^{2m} + c)(d x^{2k} + e) \end{equation*}$$ have no rational points. As an illustration, using the sufficient condition, we study the arithmetic of hyperelliptic curves of the above form and show that there are infinitely many curves of the above form that are counterexamples to the Hasse principle explained by the Brauer–Manin obstruction.

Some cubic surfaces with no rational points

1978 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Bremner
Keyword(s):  
Rational Point ◽  
Rational Points ◽  
Hasse Principle ◽  
Cubic Surfaces ◽  
Image Position

Selmer(1) conjectured that the Hasse principle holds for all cubic surfaces of the typethat is, such a surface has a rational point whenever it has points defined over every p-adic field Qp; and he proved this assertion in the case that ab = cd.

scholarly journals Distribution of rational points on the real line

1973 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. K. Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Algebraic Number ◽  
Rational Number ◽  
Real Line ◽  
Rational Points ◽  
The Other ◽  
Liouville Numbers ◽  
The Real ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Image Position

It is well known that no rational number is approximable to order higher than 1. Roth [3] showed that an algebraic number is not approximable to order greater than 2. On the other hand it is easy to construct numbers, the Liouville numbers, which are approximable to any order (see [2], p. 162). We are led to the question, “Let Nn(α, β) denote the number of distinct rational points with denominators ≦ n contained in an interval (α, β). What is the behaviour of Nn(α, + 1/n) as α varies on the real line?” We shall prove that and that there are “compressions” and “rarefactions” of rational points on the real line.

scholarly journals Existence of nonoscillatory solutions of first order nonlinear neutral equations

1990 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Wudu
Keyword(s):  
Nonoscillatory Solution ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Neutral Equation ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Condition ◽  
Nonoscillatory Solutions ◽  
Neutral Equations ◽  
First Order ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

AbstractConsider the nonlinear neutral equationwhere pi(t), hi(t), gj(t), Q(t) Є C[t0, ∞), limt→∞hi(t) = ∞, limt→∞gj(t) = ∞ i Є Im = {1, 2, …, m}, j Є In = {1, 2, …, n}. We obtain a necessary and sufficient condition (2) for this equation to have a nonoscillatory solution x(t) with limt→∞ inf|x(t)| > 0 (Theorems 5 and 6) or to have a bounded nonoscillatory solution x(t) with limt→∞ inf|x(t)| > 0 (Theorem 7).

Quelques résultats sur les équations axp + byp = cz2

2006 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Ivorra ◽  
A. Kraus
Keyword(s):  
Prime Number ◽  
Diophantine Equation ◽  
Hyperelliptic Curves ◽  
Rational Points ◽  
Modular Representations ◽  
Natural Numbers ◽  
Prime Divisors

AbstractLet p be a prime number ≥ 5 and a, b, c be non zero natural numbers. Using the works of K. Ribet and A. Wiles on the modular representations, we get new results about the description of the primitive solutions of the diophantine equation axp + byp = cz2, in case the product of the prime divisors of abc divides 2ℓ, with ℓ an odd prime number. For instance, under some conditions on a, b, c, we provide a constant f (a, b, c) such that there are no such solutions if p > f (a, b, c). In application, we obtain information concerning the ℚ-rational points of hyperelliptic curves given by the equation y2 = xp + d with d ∈ ℤ.

Prime Producing Quadratic Polynomials and Class-Numbers of Real Quadratic Fields

1990 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Louboutin
Keyword(s):  
Class Number ◽  
Quadratic Field ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Condition ◽  
Quadratic Polynomials ◽  
Real Quadratic Fields ◽  
Consecutive Integers ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Real Quadratic

Frobenius-Rabinowitsch's theorem provides us with a necessary and sufficient condition for the class-number of a complex quadratic field with negative discriminant D to be one in terms of the primality of the values taken by the quadratic polynomial with discriminant Don consecutive integers (See [1], [7]). M. D. Hendy extended Frobenius-Rabinowitsch's result to a necessary and sufficient condition for the class-number of a complex quadratic field with discriminant D to be two in terms of the primality of the values taken by the quadratic polynomials and with discriminant D (see [2], [7]).

On Global Inverse Theorems of Szász and Baskakov Operators

1979 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Ditzian
Keyword(s):  
Rate Of Convergence ◽  
Exponential Growth ◽  
Polynomial Growth ◽  
Continuous Functions ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Condition ◽  
Baskakov Operators ◽  
Inverse Theorems ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

The Szász and Baskakov approximation operators are given by1.11.2respectively. For continuous functions on [0, ∞) with exponential growth (i.e. ‖ƒ‖A ≡ supx\ƒ(x)e–Ax\ < M) the modulus of continuity is defined by1.3where ƒ ∈ Lip* (∝, A) for some 0 < ∝ ≦ 2 if w2(ƒ, δ, A) ≦ Mδ∝ for all δ < 1. We shall find a necessary and sufficient condition on the rate of convergence of An(ƒ, x) (representing Sn(ƒ, x) or Vn(ƒ, x)) to ƒ(x) for ƒ(x) ∈ Lip* (∝, A). In a recent paper of M. Becker [1] such conditions were found for functions of polynomial growth (where (1 + \x\N)−1 replaced e–Ax in the above). M. Becker explained the difficulties in treating functions of exponential growth.

Introduction to the Schwartz Space of T\G

1989 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Casselman
Keyword(s):  
Reductive Group ◽  
Rational Points ◽  
Schwartz Space ◽  
Parabolic Subgroups ◽  
Arithmetic Groups ◽  
Similar Question ◽  
Arithmetic Subgroup ◽  
Cohomology Of Arithmetic Groups ◽  
Image Position

Let G be the group of R-rational points on a reductive group defined over Q and T an arithmetic subgroup. The aim of this paper is to describe in some detail the Schwartz space (whose definition I recall in Section 1) and in particular to explain a decomposition of this space into constituents parametrized by the T-associate classes of rational parabolic subgroups of G. This is analogous to the more elementary of the two well known decompositions of L2 (T\G) in [20](or [17]), and a proof of something equivalent was first sketched by Langlands himself in correspondence with A. Borel in 1972. (Borel has given an account of this in [8].)Langlands’ letter was in response to a question posed by Borel concerning a decomposition of the cohomology of arithmetic groups, and the decomposition I obtain here was motivated by a similar question, which is dealt with at the end of the paper.

scholarly journals Algebraic independence properties of the Fredholm series

1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Loxton ◽  
A. J. van der Poorten
Keyword(s):  
Algebraic Independence ◽  
Rational Functions ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Condition ◽  
Algebraic Numbers ◽  
Independence Properties ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

AbstractWe consider algebraic independence properties of series such as We show that the functions fr(z) are algebraically independent over the rational functions Further, if αrs (r = 2, 3, 4, hellip; s = 1, 2, 3, hellip) are algebraic numbers with 0 < |αrs|, we obtain an explicit necessary and sufficient condition for the algebraic independence of the numbers fr(αrs) over the rationals.

scholarly journals GROUPOIDS AND RELATIVE INTERNALITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 987-1006
Author(s):  
LÉO JIMENEZ
Keyword(s):  
Stable Theory ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Natural Type ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Stationary Type

AbstractIn a stable theory, a stationary type $q \in S\left( A \right)$ internal to a family of partial types ${\cal P}$ over A gives rise to a type-definable group, called its binding group. This group is isomorphic to the group $Aut\left( {q/{\cal P},A} \right)$ of permutations of the set of realizations of q, induced by automorphisms of the monster model, fixing ${\cal P}\,\mathop \cup \nolimits \,A$ pointwise. In this article, we investigate families of internal types varying uniformly, what we will call relative internality. We prove that the binding groups also vary uniformly, and are the isotropy groups of a natural type-definable groupoid (and even more). We then investigate how properties of this groupoid are related to properties of the type. In particular, we obtain internality criteria for certain 2-analysable types, and a sufficient condition for a type to preserve internality.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document