Contrasting ABA, AAB and ABC Renewal in a Free Operant Procedure

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Bernal-Gamboa ◽  
Montserrat Carrasco-López ◽  
Javier Nieto
Keyword(s):  
Extinction Session ◽  
Testing Procedure ◽  
Free Operant ◽  
Lever Pressing ◽  
Operant Procedure

AbstractOne experiment used a free operant procedure with rats to compare ABA, AAB and ABC renewal by using a within-subject testing procedure. All rats were first trained to press a lever for food in context A. Lever pressing was then extinguished in either context A or context B. For rats in the groups ABA and ABC extinction took place in context B, while the rats in group AAB received extinction in the same context in which acquisition took place (context A). Finally, all rats were tested for renewal in two sessions. One extinction session was carried out in the same extinction context and another session in a different context. Rats in the group ABA were tested in context B and in context A; rats in the group AAB were tested in contexts A and B, whereas the group ABC was tested in contexts B and C. The results of the ANOVA showed context renewal since all groups had higher rates of responding when they were tested outside the extinction context, F(2, 21) = 15.32, p = .001, ηp2 = .59; however, AAB and ABC renewal was lesser than ABA renewal, F(1, 21) = 16.70, p = .0001, ηp2 = .61.

An Analysis of Matching and Non-Matching Behavior Using a Single Key, Free Operant Procedure

1971 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard W. Malott ◽  
Kay Malott ◽  
John G. Svinicki ◽  
Frederick Kladder ◽  
Ernest Ponicki
Keyword(s):  
Free Operant ◽  
Operant Procedure

Effects of Tone Cessation and Warning Signal Duration on Temporal Responding in an Avoidance Procedure

1974 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 391-400
Author(s):  
Darrel E. Bostow ◽  
Roger E. Ulrich
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Control ◽  
Temporal Discrimination ◽  
Warning Signal ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Grid Shock ◽  
Avoidance Procedure ◽  
Avoidance Situation ◽  
Free Operant ◽  
Lever Pressing ◽  
Avoidance Responses

Six albino rats responded by lever-pressing to avoid grid shock in a free-operant, signaled avoidance situation. Tone cessation was the warning signal for 3 Ss while tone onset was the warning signal for a fourth S. The distribution of avoidance responses during successive reductions of the response-to-warning signal interval indicated a temporal discrimination during the warning signal. Immediate stimulus control, i.e., occurrence of the greatest amount of avoidance responses immediately following the occurrence of the warning signal, was not observed.

Effects of Different Volumes of Reward in a Free-Operant Procedure

1974 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 879-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. N. Tombaugh
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Discrete Trial ◽  
Acquisition Performance ◽  
Resistance To Extinction ◽  
Free Operant ◽  
Operant Procedure

Three different volumes (.01, .4 and .7 ml.) of a 32% sucrose concentration were employed in a free-operant bar-press study. In acquisition performance was a decreasing function of volume while in extinction greater persistence of performance was obtained for the .4 and .7 groups than for the .01 group. The extinction results were contrasted with those obtained in discrete-trial experiments which had employed a comparable range of volumes and number of reinforcements but which reported that large volumes tended to decrease rather than increase resistance to extinction.

Overtraining Extinction Effect Using a Free-Operant Procedure

1972 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 539-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom N. Tombaugh ◽  
Pierre St. Jean
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Schedule ◽  
Continuous Reinforcement Schedule ◽  
Continuous Reinforcement ◽  
Resistance To Extinction ◽  
Extended Training ◽  
Free Operant ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Increasing Function ◽  
Operant Procedure ◽  
Free Operant Situation

The effects of five levels of training (210, 490, 1470, 2450, 3430 reinforced responses) on extinction performance were investigated. A free-operant bar-press paradigm was employed. A continuous reinforcement schedule was used with .12 ml. of 64% sucrose. Number of bar-presses and duration of time to reach a 1-min. non-response criterion showed that resistance to extinction was an increasing function of the number of reinforcements during training. However, the amount of time required to reach a 5-min. criterion showed the opposite relationship. It was concluded that different criteria reflected different patterns of extinction behavior and that the overtraining extinction effect (decreased resistance to extinction following extended training) could be demonstrated in a free-operant situation if the appropriate criteria were selected.

Facilitation of Avoidance Responding in White Rats during a Stimulus Preceding Food

1968 ◽  
Vol 22 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1277-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant Coulscn ◽  
Maxine Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Food Delivery ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Avoidance Schedule ◽  
Pellet Delivery ◽  
Avoidance Procedure ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Response Facilitation ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Free Operant ◽  
Lever Pressing

The lever pressing of four food deprived male albino rats was maintained by a modified free-operant shock-avoidance procedure. Periodically a clicking sound (CS) was presented. Towards the end of the CS, 10 sucrose pellets (US) were delivered provided S did not press in a given period immediately preceding food delivery. Three independent variables were studied: level of deprivation, kind of avoidance schedule and length of the no-response period preceding pellet delivery. Response facilitation during the CS was found at certain combinations of the independent variables.

scholarly journals Effects of Scopolamine on Conditioning of Lever Pressing

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
Yectivani Juárez ◽  
Gabriela González-Martín ◽  
Rodolfo Bernal-Gamboa ◽  
Rodrigo Carranza ◽  
Javier Nieto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extinction Session ◽  
Instrumental Response ◽  
Lever Press ◽  
Variable Interval ◽  
Conditioning Session ◽  
Conditioning Context ◽  
Contextual Conditioning ◽  
Cholinergic Antagonist ◽  
Lever Pressing

The aim of this work was to determine the effects of scopolamine, a cholinergic antagonist, on the conditioning of an instrumental response and the contextual conditioning of this response. Five groups of rats were trained to lever-press on a Variable Interval 30 s schedule in context A. Scopolamine was administered 15 min before each conditioning session to AB 0.01 mg/kg, AB 0.10 mg/kg and AB 1.00 mg/kg groups. The AA Saline and AB Saline groups received saline injections.Contextual conditioning of the lever-pressing response was assessed in one extinction session. The AA group received this extinction session in the conditioning context (A), while the AB groups received this session in a different context (B). Results showed that scopolamine impaired the conditioning of the lever-pressing response but no effects on contextual conditioning were found.

Comparisons of Two Measures of Free-operant Avoidance under Two Conditions of Response Feedback

1972 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry M. B. Hurwitz ◽  
Peter Harzem ◽  
Beverley Kulig
Keyword(s):  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Free Operant Avoidance ◽  
Avoidance Procedure ◽  
Operant Avoidance ◽  
Free Operant ◽  
Lever Pressing ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Response Feedback

Lever-pressing responses of 6 rats were studied under a free-operant avoidance procedure, in 6 two-hour sessions. Three of the subjects were given an added visual feedback for each response; they avoided shocks more effectively than the subjects without the feedback. Two different measures of overall performance in free-operant avoidance were applied to the results of the experiment. There was little difference between the measures: both reflected the subjects' performance equally well. Relative merits of the measures and the criteria for selecting one of them were discussed.

Comparing illusion of control and superstitious behavior: Rate of responding influences judgment of control in a free-operant procedure

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Frota Lobato Benvenuti ◽  
Thais Ferro Nogara de Toledo ◽  
Reinaldo Augusto Gomes Simões ◽  
Lisiane Bizarro
Keyword(s):  
Illusion Of Control ◽  
Behavior Rate ◽  
Superstitious Behavior ◽  
Free Operant ◽  
Operant Procedure

Influence of General and Crystallized Intelligence on Vocabulary Test Performance

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Ullstadius ◽  
Jan-Eric Gustafsson ◽  
Berit Carlstedt
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Model ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Verbal Ability ◽  
Testing Procedure ◽  
Intellectual Ability ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Vocabulary Test ◽  
Crystallized Intelligence ◽  
General Ability

Summary: Vocabulary tests, part of most test batteries of general intellectual ability, measure both verbal and general ability. Newly developed techniques for confirmatory factor analysis of dichotomous variables make it possible to analyze the influence of different abilities on the performance on each item. In the testing procedure of the Computerized Swedish Enlistment test battery, eight different subtests of a new vocabulary test were given randomly to subsamples of a representative sample of 18-year-old male conscripts (N = 9001). Three central dimensions of a hierarchical model of intellectual abilities, general (G), verbal (Gc'), and spatial ability (Gv') were estimated under different assumptions of the nature of the data. In addition to an ordinary analysis of covariance matrices, assuming linearity of relations, the item variables were treated as categorical variables in the Mplus program. All eight subtests fit the hierarchical model, and the items were found to load about equally on G and Gc'. The results also indicate that if nonlinearity is not taken into account, the G loadings for the easy items are underestimated. These items, moreover, appear to be better measures of G than the difficult ones. The practical utility of the outcome for item selection and the theoretical implications for the question of the origin of verbal ability are discussed.

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