Old School Techniques with Modern Capabilities: Kinetics Determination of Dynamical Information Such as Barriers, Multiple Entrance Channel Complexes, Product States, Spin Crossings, and Size Effects in Metallic Ion–Molecule Reactions

The mixed form of α/β lactose was obtained by heating amorphous α-lactose at 443 K. NMR spectroscopy determined the stoichiometry of this mixed compound to be 1/1. The X-ray powder diffraction pattern was recorded at room temperature with a sensitive curved detector (CPS 120). The structure was solved by real-space methods (simulated annealing) followed by Rietveld refinements with soft constraints on bond lengths and bond angles. The H atoms of the hydroxyl groups were localized by minimization of the crystalline energy. The cell of 1/1 α/β lactose is triclinic with the space group P1 and contains two molecules (one molecule of each anomer). The crystalline cohesion is achieved by networks of O—H...O hydrogen bonds. The width of the Bragg peaks is interpreted through a microstructural approach in terms of isotropic strain effects and anisotropic size effects.

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Size effects and determination of absolute temperature increases in laser heating of dielectrics

Chemical Physics Letters ◽

10.1016/0009-2614(94)01396-d ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 233 (1-2) ◽

pp. 75-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

F. Balzer ◽

H.-G. Rubahn

Keyword(s):

Size Effects ◽

Laser Heating ◽

Absolute Temperature

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Size Effects in the Experimental Determination of Fracture Mechanics Parameters

Application of Fracture Mechanics to Cementitious Composites ◽

10.1007/978-94-009-5121-1_12 ◽

1985 ◽

pp. 361-397 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

H. K. Hilsdorf ◽

W. Brameshuber

Keyword(s):

Fracture Mechanics ◽

Experimental Determination ◽

Size Effects

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Numerical Modeling of Brittle Materials by Damage Plasticity Model: Determination of Parameters with Consideration of Size Effects Due to Tensile Cracking and Compressive Crushing

Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering - Geotechnics for Sustainable Infrastructure Development ◽

10.1007/978-981-15-2184-3_138 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1065-1071

Author(s):

Duc An Ho ◽

Marion Bost ◽

Jean-Pierre Rajot

Keyword(s):

Numerical Modeling ◽

Size Effects ◽

Brittle Materials ◽

Plasticity Model ◽

Model Determination ◽

Determination Of Parameters

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The fluoroformate ion, FCO2−. An ion cyclotron resonance study of the gas phase Lewis acidity of carbon dioxide and related isoelectronic species

Canadian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1139/v78-181 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 56 (8) ◽

pp. 1069-1074 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Terrance Brian McMahon ◽

Colleen Joan Northcott

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Gas Phase ◽

Lewis Acidity ◽

Ion Cyclotron Resonance ◽

Dissociation Energies ◽

Ion Molecule Reactions ◽

Gas Phase Acidity ◽

Gas Phase Ion ◽

Carbonyl Fluoride

The gas phase ion molecule reactions of a number of potential fluoride donors with carbon dioxide and carbonyl fluoride have been studied. By determination of preferential directions of fluoride transfer the fluoride affinities of carbon dioxide and carbonyl fluoride have been bracketed and found to be 33 ± 3 kcal/mol and 35 + 3 kcal/mol respectively. In addition, from gas phase acidity studies of acetyl fluoride and 2-fluoropropene the fluoride affinities of ketene and allene have been calculated to be 38 ± 2 kcal/mol and 15 ± 2 kcal/mol respectively. The order of fluoride affinities (Lewis acidities) of carbon dioxide, ketene, and allene have been examined and explained in terms of the electron affinities of the F—C(A)(B) species (A,B=O,CH2) and the C—F bond dissociation energies. These quantities have been estimated and the latter interpreted on the basis of the π bond energies of the three compounds.

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