An atomic absorption spectrophotometer was installed in an automated CIP dairy plant cleaning system to detect the amount of calcium in the cleaning solution as it flowed from milk-processing equipment and storage tanks during each phase of the cleaning cycle. A major portion of the milk residue was removed from the equipment during the first half of the rinse phase. Most of the residue remaining after rinsing was removed during the first 2 min of the alkaline cleaning phase.
Sustainable alkaline activation of fly ash, aluminium anodising sludge and glass powder blends with a recycled alkaline cleaning solution