Correlation of microbial degradation rates with chemical structure

1980 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1143-1144 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lee. Wolfe ◽  
Doris F. Paris ◽  
William C. Steen ◽  
George L. Baughman
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Degradation Rates

Correlation of Microbial Degradation Rates with the Chemical Structure

1985 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Pitter
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Degradation Rates

Basic microbial degradation rates and chemical byproducts of selected organic compounds

1981 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1125-1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
E DAVIS ◽  
H MURRAY ◽  
J LIEHR ◽  
E POWERS
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Degradation Rates

Microbial Degradation of Five Substituted Urea Herbicides

Weed Science ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don S. Murray ◽  
Walter L. Rieck ◽  
J. Q. Lynd
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Herbicide Degradation ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Residual Herbicide ◽  
Substituted Urea

Phytotoxicity of five substituted urea herbicides 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (diuron), 3-(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (monuron), 3-phenyl-1,1-dimethylurea (fenuron), 3-hexahydro-4,7-methanoindan-5-yl) −1,1-dimethylurea (norea), and 3-(m-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (fluometuron) at 0, 10, 100, and 1000 ppm were determined in factorial combination at four urea nitrogen levels of 0, 45, 450, and 900 ppm with three Aspergilli: A. niger, A. sydowi, and A. tamarii. Response interactions were apparent, with all three fungi most tolerant for fenuron and least for diuron. Apparent tolerance order of the three intermediates were: A. niger, norea > fluometuron > monuron; A. sydowi, fluometuron > monuron > norea; and A. tamarii, fluometuron > norea > monuron. Oat (Avena sativa L.) bioassay for residual herbicide toxicity indicated significant differences in herbicide degradation rates between these three fungi at 5, 10, and 20 ppm in Eufaula sand. Diuron was more rapidly degraded than monuron at these levels with fluometuron and norea somewhat intermediate. A. niger was most effective in degradation of these herbicides with A. tamarii greater than A. sydowi. High nitrogen levels in soil organic matter amendment generally favored increased rates of urea herbicide degradation.

Microbial degradation of [14C]polystyrene and 1,3-diphenylbutane

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 798-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sielicki ◽  
D. D. Focht ◽  
J. P. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Phenylacetic Acid ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Microbial Oxidation ◽  
Initial Examination ◽  
Enrichment Cultures ◽  
Oxidative Reactions ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Carbon Fragment

Microbial degradation of [β-14C]polystyrene and 1,3-diphenylbutane, a compound structurally representing the smallest repeating unit of styrene (dimer), was investigated in soil and liquid enrichment cultures. Degradation rates in soil, as determined by 14CO2 evolution from applied [14C]polystyrene, varied from 1.5 to 3.0% for a 4-month period. Although relatively low, these percentages were 15 to 30 times greater than values previously reported. Enrichment cultures, containing 1,3-diphenylbutane as the only carbon source, were used to determine the mechanisms of microbial oxidation of the polymer chain ends. Metabolism of 1,3-diphenylbutane appeared to involve the attack by a monooxygenase to form 2-phenyl-4-hydroxyphenylbutane followed by a further oxidation and subsequent fission of the benzene ring to yield 4-phenylvaleric acid and an unidentified 5-carbon fragment via the classic meta-fission pathway. Phenylacetic acid was probably formed from 4-phenylvaleric acid by subsequent β-oxidation of the side chain, methyl-oxidation, and decarboxylation. An initial examination of the population of microorganisms in the diphenylbutane enrichment cultures indicated that these oxidative reactions are carried out by common soil microorganisms of the genera Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Micrococcus, and Nocardia.

Effect of Chemical Structure on Microbial Degradation of Substituted Benzenes

1966 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Alexander ◽  
B. K. Lustigman
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Substituted Benzenes

scholarly journals Microbial Degradation Rates of Natural Bitumen

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Pannekens ◽  
Lisa Voskuhl ◽  
Sadjad Mohammadian ◽  
Daniel Köster ◽  
Arne Meier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Natural Bitumen ◽  
Degradation Rates

Factors Influencing Microbial Degradation of14C-Glyphosate to14CO2in Soil

Weed Science ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 686-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loren J. Moshier ◽  
Donald Penner
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Loamy Sand ◽  
Carbon Substrate ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Limited Extent ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Glyphosate Degradation

14C-glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] degradation to14CO2was examined in a Spinks sandy loam, Collamer silt loam, and a Norfolk loamy sand. After 32 days, 40, 9.5, and 3% of the14C-glyphosate was recovered as14CO2in the three soils, respectively. The degradation was primarily microbial. Phosphate additions stimulated14C-glyphosate degradation to a limited extent in the Collamer silt loam but not in the Norfolk loamy sand. Additions of Fe+++and Al+++ions reduced degradation in the Spinks sandy loam. It is postulated that formation of colloidal Fe and Al precipitates in modified soils with concomitant adsorption of14C-glyphosate is responsible for decreased availability of14C-glyphosate to microorganisms. Mn++additions were found to increase degradation. Spinks soil and carbon substrate amendments failed to substantially increase degradation rates in both soils with low degradation rates.

Microbial degradation rates of small peptides and amino acids in the oxygen minimum zone of Chilean coastal waters

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (16) ◽  
pp. 1055-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Pantoja ◽  
Pamela Rossel ◽  
Rodrigo Castro ◽  
L. Antonio Cuevas ◽  
Giovanni Daneri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Oxygen Minimum Zone ◽  
Small Peptides ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Minimum Zone ◽  
Oxygen Minimum

scholarly journals The stimulating role of syringic acid, a plant secondary metabolite, in the microbial degradation of structurally-related herbicide, MCPA

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Urbaniak ◽  
Elżbieta Mierzejewska ◽  
Maciej Tankiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Syringic Acid ◽  
Bacterial Degradation ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Degradation Rates

The ability of microorganisms to degrade xenobiotics can be exploited to develop cost-effective and eco-friendly bioremediation technologies. Microorganisms can degrade almost all organic pollutants, but this process might be very slow in some cases. A promising way to enhance removal of recalcitrant xenobiotics from the environment lies in the interactions between plant exudates such as plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) and microorganisms. Although there is a considerable body of evidence that PSMs can alter the microbial community composition and stimulate the microbial degradation of xenobiotics, their mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. With this in mind, our aim was to demonstrate that similarity between the chemical structures of PSMs and xenobiotics results in higher micropollutant degradation rates, and the occurrence of corresponding bacterial degradative genes. To verify this, the present study analyses the influence of syringic acid, a plant secondary metabolite, on the bacterial degradation of an herbicide, 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA). In particular, the presence of appropriate MCPA degradative genes, MCPA removal efficiency and changes in samples phytotoxicity have been analyzed. Significant MCPA depletion was achieved in samples enriched with syringic acid. The results confirmed not only greater MCPA removal from the samples upon spiking with syringic acid, and thus decreased phytotoxicity, but also the presence of a greater number of genes responsible for MCPA biodegradation. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed ubiquitous enrichment of the β-proteobacteriaRhodoferax, Achromobacter, BurkholderiaandCupriavidus. The obtained results provide further confirmation that plant metabolites released into the rhizosphere can stimulate biodegradation of xenobiotics, including MCPA.

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